一 填空
1/旅游文本
定义:是介绍和宣传旅游景点和旅游目的地、提供旅游指南和介绍游览行程、签订旅游合同等的书面形式。
分类:公示语、导游词、旅游广告、旅游宣传册、旅游指南、旅游合同等等。
2 旅游翻译
定义:旅游翻译是为旅游活动以及旅游专业、行业和产业等所进行的翻译实践。它是一种跨语言、跨社会、跨时空、跨文化、跨心理的交际活动。
目的:翻译者以传播中西方文化为己任。
3 翻译的倾向
1) 以原作者为中心(author-centered),强调译文要忠实于原文,包括原文的内容和风格,
2)以译者为中心(translator-centered),强调译者的主观能动性,
3)以读者为导向(reader-centered),强调站在读者的立场,考虑译文的可接受性和可读性。
4 旅游文本翻译的基本原则和策略
(1)服务对象明确:
(2)信息处理适量:
(3)灵活处理文化信息
(4)翻译方法和策略灵活
二/ 指出翻译方法
(1)烹调法+主料(形状)
清蒸鳊鱼 steamed limande
炒鳝片 stir-fried eel slices
煨牛肉 simmered煨,炖 beef
(2)烹调法+主料(形状)+(with)辅料
蟹粉蒸鱼肚 stewed fish tripe with crab meat
腐乳汁烧肉 braised pork with fermented 酵母,酵素;发酵 bean curd
辣子炒肉丁 stir-fried diced pork with chili
(3)烹调法+主料(形状)+(with, in)调料
红烧鲤鱼头 braised carp鲤鱼 head with soy sauce
辣味烩虾球 braised prawn balls with chili sauce
清炖猪蹄 stewed pig hoof in clear soup
(1) 主料(形状)+(with)辅料
鸡丝凉面 cold noodles with chicken shreds
杏仁鸡丁 chicken cubes with almond
牛肉豆腐 bean curd with beef
(2) 主料(形状)+(with, in)调料
椒盐排骨 spare ribs with chili and salt
米酒鱼卷 fish rolls with rice wine
糖醋鱼 fish with sweet and sour sauce
(1) 口感+烹法+主料
水煮嫩鱼 tender stewed fish
香煎鸡块 fragrant fried chicken
(2) 形状(口感)+主料+(with)辅料。
陈皮兔丁 diced rabbit with orange peel
时蔬鸡片 sliced chicken with seasonal vegetable
(3) 形状(口感)+主料+(with) 调料。
茄汁鱼片 sliced fish with ketchup
黄酒脆皮虾仁 crisp shelled shrimps with yellow rice wine
三 连线搭配
1)Please Stand On the Right 请右侧站立(自动扶梯)
Caution: Wet Floor 小心地滑
Right Lane Closed Ahead 前方右侧车道关闭
Please Give this Seat to Anyone in Need 请让座予有需要人士
Mind the Platform Gap 上下车时,小心空隙
F&B 餐饮
IDD 国际直拨电话
Lost and Found 失物招领
Information 问询服务
Police Line Do Not Cross 禁戒线 勿超越
Speed Limit 30km 限速30公里
No U Turn 禁止掉头
Don‘t Drive under the Influence,禁止酒后驾车
Drunken Driving Prohibited
No Entry 严禁驶入
Don’t Walk 禁止通行
Do not trespass on the railway! Penalty $ 200 严禁超越路轨,违者罚款200美元!
Construction Site Keep out 施工现场禁止入内
Keep Clear of the Edges 勿靠两侧
Handicapped Only 残疾人通道
Toll Gate 收费站
Caution Pedestrians 注意行人
No parking 严禁停车
Meter Parking 计时收费停车场
Caution Maintenance in Progress 注意: 正在维修
VIP SUITE 贵宾候机室
No Through Route For Pedestrians 禁止行人通行
Detour 绕行
Children’s Crossing, 儿童过街道
Taxi Pick-Up Point 出租车乘车站点
Give Way To Buses 公交优先
Don’t Drive When Tired 严禁疲劳驾驶
2) 降下车窗 通风空气 Lower Window For Ventilation
注意行人 Beware Pedestrian
危险 Danger
公共汽车和长途汽车 Bus and Couch Station
洗车场 Washing Bay
减速慢行 Slow Down
机场休息室 Airport Lounges
弯道危险 Dangerous Bend
交叉路口 Diverted Traffic
严禁停车 No Parking
小心地滑 Caution Wet Floor
3) 汽车行驶中请勿与司机交谈。
• When the bus is moving, do not speak to the driver.
• 请小心驾驶。
• Please drive carefully.
• 请保持过道畅通。
• Please keep gateways clear.
• 请保留车票待检。
• Please retain your ticket for inspection.
• 请随身携带你的行李。
• Please leave your luggage with you all the time.
4) Please do not park. Garage in use.
• 车库使用,门前请不要停车。
• The light indicates the door is not secured.
• 指示灯亮,显示门未关好。
• The law requires you to wear a seatbelt.
• 法规要求系安全带。
• The couch is for holders of full fare.
• 本长途汽车专为持全程票者乘坐。
• You will be required to leave a deposit when you pick up the car.
• 取车时需交押金。
Footpath Closed 边道封闭
Parking permitted 允许停车
Restricted Area 严禁进入
Alcohol Free Zone 禁酒区
No Visitors 游人止步
Ramp Speed 斜坡限速
Garage 车辆修理
Pedestrians 行人绕行
Buses Only 公共车专用道
Detour 请绕道行驶
四/ 译文分析
1.Wavwari 译为“唯我”,与原文中的读音相同,表明年轻人“走自己的路,让别人去说吧”的标新立异、独立自主的心态。
2. BEST 译为“百饰特”,译名与原音相近,其中,“饰”表明该店主要经营饰品,“百”字表明商品种类齐全,“特”字表明款式新颖。
3. 这是运动品牌,译为“乐图”。在音译的同时兼顾了“乐在其中,图我自在”的品牌内涵。
4. “衣频道” 是一家服装店英文“Channel One”的汉译文,明确地说明该店是服装的集中地,种类繁多,便于消费者挑选。
5. “嘉华饼屋” 意译为JOY BAKERY,其中“嘉华”二字没有音译,而是读取了汉语意思,用英文词汇joy来替代,别有一番风味。
6. SOEASY 这是一家服装店,被音译为“搜衣廊”。“搜衣”,既点明该店的经营项目,又暗含店铺的衣服乃是经过精心搜索而得来的精品。“廊”字的意译添加则使该店平添了几分中国特色。
7. FORENT 是英国连锁洗衣店的名称,译文被音译为“福奈特”。其中的“福”字表明该店的服务让消费者感觉他们身在福中。
8. Tupperware 这是一家美国家居用品连锁店名称,被音译为“特百惠”。其中“惠”字体现货真价实,互利互惠的商业美德,符合诚信为本,义利结合的儒家经济伦理,让消费者信任。译文既融入中国传统文化,又含蓄体现该店的经营方式与产品质量,让人印象深刻。
五.地名翻译
• 上海市 Shanghai Municipality
• 山东省 Shandong Province
• 锦江区[川] Jinjiang District
• 青城山[川] Qingcheng Mountain
• 嘉陵江[川、渝] the Jialing River
• 成都平原[川] the Chengdu Plain
• 青海湖[青] the Qinghai Lake
• 台湾海峡[闽、台] the Taiwan Straits
• 三潭印月[浙] the Three Pools Mirroring the Moon
• 平湖秋月[浙] the Autumn Moon on the Calm Lake
• 长城 the Great Wall
• 大运河 the Grand Canal
• 大观园[京] the Grand View Garden
• 颐和园[京] the Summer Palace
• 石林[滇] the Stone Forest
• 成都市[川] Chengdu City
• 祁连山[甘、青] the Qilian Mountains
• 清水河[京] the Qingshui River
• 四川盆地[川] the Sichuan Basin
• 辽东半岛[辽] the Liaodong Peninsula
• 云贵高原[滇、黔] the Yunnan Guizhou Plateau
• 京杭运河 the Beijing Hangzhou Canal
• 淮河[豫、浣、苏] the Huaihe River (不可译作:the Huai River)
• 太湖[苏] the Taihu Lake
• 泰山[鲁] Mount Tai, the Taishan Mountain
• 洱海[滇] the Erhai Lake
• 郫县[川] Pixian County
• 勃海[冀、鲁、津] the Bohai Sea
• 天池[内蒙古] the Tianchi Lake
• 五指山[琼] Wuzhi Mountain
• 九龙江[闽] the Jiulong River
• 西沙群岛[琼] the Xisha Islands
• 西安市[陕] Xian City
• 黄浦江[沪] the Huangpu River
• 红山峡[甘] the Hongshan Gorge
• 新都区[川] Xindu District
• 大龙洞水库[滇·昭通] the Dalongdong Reservoir
• 小凉山[川] Xiaoliang Mountain
• 黄河[鲁、豫] the Yellow River
黄海[辽、鲁、苏] the Yellow Sea
• 东海[粤] the East China Sea
• 东岳[鲁] the Eastern Sacred Mountain
• 东北平原[辽、吉、黑] the Northeast Plain
• 西湖[浙] the West Lake
• 新界[港] New Territories
“大”、“小”与专名分写的特例:
大兴安岭[黑、吉] the Da Hinggan Mountains;the Greater Hinggan Range
小兴安岭[黑] the Xiao Hinggan Mountains;the Lesser Hinggan Range
• 通名专名化的英译法
• 地名中通名已专门化的,音译,与专名连写。下面的同一汉字a例为通名,b例为通名专名化。
• A.a.都江堰[川] the Dujiang Weir
• b.都江堰市[川] Dujiangyan City (不可译作:Dujiang Weir City)
• B.a.九寨沟[川] Jiuzhai Valley
• b.九寨沟县[川] Jiuzhaigou County (不可译作:Jiuzhai Valley County)
• C. a.麦积山[甘] Maiji Mountain
• b.麦积山石窟[甘] the Maijishan Grottoes (不可译作:the Maiji Mountain Grottoes)
• D.a.白水江[川、甘] the Baishui River
• b.白水江自然保护区[甘] Baishuijiang Nature Reserve (不可译作:Baishui River Nature Reserve)
• E. a.青铜峡[宁] the Qingtong Gorge
• b.青铜峡水利枢纽[宁] Qingtongxia Key Water Control Project (不可译作 :Qingtong Gorge Key Water Control Project)
• F. a.黑龙江[黑] the Heilong River
• b.黑龙江大学[黑] Heilongjiang University (不可译作:Heilong River University)
• G. a.嘉峪关[甘] the Jiayu Pass
• b.嘉峪关市[甘] the Jiayuguan City
六 段落翻译
1. Ladies and gentlemen, today we’re going to visit Zhouzhuang. It is praised as the “No. 1 water town of China” by the oversea press. Geographically, Zhouzhuang is located between Hangzhou and Suzhou, the only two paradise cities in the country. The town is surrounded and crisscrossed by rivers and lakes. It offers a peaceful environment. Strong local colored traditions and customs, and well-preserved ancient residential house. It has been called the “Small Venice of the East”. It did not attract the world’s attention until 1984 when Chen Yifei, a noted Chinese-American artist, held an exhibition in a New York gallery. One of his paintings, entitled “Memory of Hometown”, depicted the Twin Bridges in Zhouzhuang. What can the town offer? Now, let find it out .
各位游客,今天我们将要参观游览的景点是被海外报刊誉为“中国第一水乡”的周庄。民间曾有“上有天堂,下有苏杭,中间有周庄”的说法。周庄四面环水,河道纵横,古朴宁静,是一个小小的“东方威尼斯”。著名画家陈逸飞以周庄的双桥为素材创作的油画《故乡的回忆》,于1984年在纽约展出,周庄从此蜚声国际。那么周庄究竟有哪些引人入胜之处呢?下面就请大家跟我一起走进周庄,去领略那“小桥、流水、人家”的水乡特色吧!
2. 女士们,先生们,欢迎大家来到开罗旅游。在今后的几天里,将由我来带大家游览各个景点并为大家具体介绍开罗这座美丽的城市。首先我要为大家简要地介绍一下开罗。
Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Cairo. In the coming few days, I will show you around the famous scenic spots on the itinerary[aɪ'tɪnərərɪ] and give you a detailed introduction to this beautiful city. First of all, a word or two about Cairo.
3. 开罗, 意为胜利者,是埃及的首都和最大的城市。它不仅是全球第16个人口最多的都市,也是阿拉伯世界最大的城市以及非洲人口最稠密的城市。此外,它还是整个中东地区政治、经济和商业中心。
Cairo, which means “the Triumphant”, is the capital and largest city of Egypt. It is not only the sixteenth most populous metropolitan in the world, but also the Arab World’s largest and Africa’s most populous city. Besides, it is known as the political, economic and commercial center of the entire Middle East region.
4. Cairo is an amazing city full of life and movement. Here, the Egyptians are most at home in this powerful, modern and ancient city. Today, Cairo homes(拥有) various historic towns and modern districts. It is nicknamed “The City of A Thousand Minarets(千塔城)” . It is near the site(遗址) of the first capital of unified(统一的) Egypt, Memphis(孟菲斯).
开罗是个充满生活气息和动感而又令人惊羡的城市。埃及人在这个既有古今色彩又具有影响力的城市生活得最自由自在。今天的开罗拥有众多的古老城镇与现代城区,有“千塔城”之称,它靠近统一埃及的第一个都城孟菲斯的遗址。
5. As one of the natural wonders of the world, the Great Barrier Reef off the east coast of Australia is the world’s largest coral reef. It has the distinction of being placed in the World Heritage as well as the National Heritage lists.
作为世界上自然奇迹之一,大堡礁(the Great Barrier Reef)位于澳大利亚的东海岸,是世界上最大的珊瑚礁( coral reef ),被列入世界遗产名录(list)和国家遗产名录。
6 City of diverse Cultures, The Garden City, The Fun City, City for the Arts and Gateway(通道) City—these are some of the names given to Singapore to show visitors what this exciting destination(终点站) can offer to visitors who want to indulge their senses(尽享其美) on a holiday(前来度假) as well as who have a wish to stay in Singapore.
多种文化之城,花园之城,乐趣之城,艺术之城、通道之城—这些都是人们赋予新加坡的美称。无论是前来度假、想尽享其美的游客们,还是那些希望在新加坡居留的人们,这些美称都意味着新加坡城—一个令人兴奋的终点站—将会给他们带来什么。
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