英语音标发音规律总结

英语音标发音规则

一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音

在开音节中

[ei] name plane Jane baby cake

在闭音节中

[æ] bag dad hat map black back

在开音节中

[i:] he these me Chinese

在闭音节中

[e] bed let pen desk yes egg

在开音节中

[ai] bike fly drive time nice kite

在闭音节中

[i] fish big drink sit milk swim

在开音节中

[əu] those close go hoe home no

在闭音节中

[ɔ] clock not box shop sock

在开音节中

[ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday

在闭音节中

[ʌ]bus cup jump much lunch

在开音节中,元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音,例如:June blue ruler super

二、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音

元音字母读 音

例 词

[ə]China another woman breakfast

[i]orange comrade village cabbage

[ə] hundred student open weekend

[ə:] nerve serve term

[i] chicken pocket begin children

[i] holiday beautiful family animal

[ai] exercise satellite

[ə] second tonight somebody welcome

[əu] also zero photo

[ə] autumn difficult

[ju:] popular congratulation January

动词中的a如果处在开音节位置,a读[ei]音,例如:operate

u处在开音节位置,又在辅音字母j l r s后面时,读[u(:)]音,例如:July influence February issue

三、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音

a在[w]音后面

[ɔ] want what watch wash quality

a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前

[a:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father

i在-nd -ld和gh前

[ai] find child light high

o在-st -ld前

[əu] most postcard old cold

o在m n v th前

[ʌ] come monkey love mother

四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

[a:] car farm dark sharpener

ar在[w]音后面

[ɔ:] warm quarter towards

or在[w]音后面

[ɔ:] forty morning short

[ə:] word worker worse

[ə:] certainly bird Thursday

辅音字母r双写时,前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音.例如: carry sorry hurry

-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音,例如:dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday

五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音

are[ɛə] care dare hare

ere[iə] here mere

ire[aiə] fire hire wire

ore[ɔ:] more score before

ure[juə] pure cure

are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中,ure在非重读音节中读[ə]音,例如:picture pleasure

重读元音字母加Rr,再加非重读元字组时,重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读,字母Rr读[r]音.

例如:parent zero story during inspiring

某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象.

例如:orange very American paragraph

六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音

ai/ay[ei] afraid rain wait day play

air[ɛə] air hair chair pair repair

al在f m前

[ɔ] small ball talk wall all

[ɔ:l] always also salt almost bald

[a:] half calm

au/aw[ɔ:] autumn daughter draw

ea[i:] teach easy cheap please

[e] heavy bread sweater weather

[ei] break great

ear

[iə] hear dear near clear year

[εə] bear pear wear

[ə:] earth learn early

ee

[i:] jeep week green three

eer[iə] pioneer deer beer

ei/ey[ei] eight neighbour they

[i:] either key

eu/ew在j l r s后

[ju:] new few newspaper

[u:] flew brew

ie/ei在[s]音之后

[i:] piece field receive

oa [əu] coat Joan boat goal

oar/oor[ɔ:] roar board door floor

oi/oy

[ɔi] noise point boy toilet

oo

[u:] broom food tooth school

[u] book look cook foot good

ou/ow

[au] flower house count down

[əu] know row throw though

[ʌ] young country enough

[u:] group you soup

our[ɔ:] course your four

[auə] our hour ours

[ə:] journey

ui在j l r s后

[ju:i] fluid suicide tuition

[u:] juice fruit suit

七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音

ai/ay ei/ey

[i] Sunday foreign monkey

ow

[əu] yellow sparrow tomorrow

元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或[i].

例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee

-sion -tion

[∫n] impression nation

-sion在元音字母后

[ӡn] vision decision occasion

-tion在s后

[t∫ən] question suggestion

-sten[sn] listen

-stle[sl] whistle

-sure[ӡə] pleasure measure

-ture[t∫ə] picture culture

八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音

复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号,但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读.

everyday[ei]

handbag[æ]

blackboard[ɔ:]

有些词随着语言的发展,前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义,融合成为一个词.其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音.

例如:

sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 > Sunday[i] 星期天

holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 > holiday[i] 假日

break中断 + fast[a:]斋戒 > breakfast[ə] 早餐

cup茶杯 + board木板[ɔ:] > cupboard[ə] 碗柜

九,辅字组的读音

b[b] bike bus bag

[/] bomb tomb

c在e前或在i/y前

[k] cake picture coat music

[s] face decide cinema

ch[t∫] much chick rich teacher

[k] school headache chemistry

[∫] machine

-ck

[k] cock pocket black knock

d [d] doctor bread hand day

-dge[dӡ] bridge fridge

dr-[dr] children driver drink

f[f] five four breakfast

g在e i/y前

[g] bag gardon go

[dӡ] orange large German

gh[f] cough enough

[/] light daughter high

gu- -gue

gu在非重读音节中

[g] guess league dialogue

[gw] language anguish

h[h] hot head house hand

[/] hour honest

j [dӡ] jeep jar joke join July

k[k] kind bike skate make week

kn-[n] knife know knock

l [l] life milk school tall

m

[m] monkey come autumn

-mn

[m] autumn column

n

n在[k] [g]音前

[n] not shine ten note

[ŋ] uncle thank hungry

-ng

[ŋ] morning young wrong

p

[p] paper plane pig ship pen

ph

[f] elephant photo telephone

q [k] Iraq

qu - [kw] quality quite

r [r] red rubber ruler

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