人教版英语八年级下册单元Unit 7 知识点+测试卷+思维导图

Unit 7 What’s the highest mountain in the world?

1. 重点词汇：

nature, desert, ocean, square, meter, bamboo, adult, illness, force, population, condition, government, research, protection, achievement, excitement, achieve, include, protect, succeed, weigh...

2. 短语归纳：

1. feel free （可以）随便（做某事）

2. as far as I know 就我所知

3. take in 吸入；吞入（体内）

4. in the face of 面对（问题、困难等）

5. even though （=even if）即使；虽然

6. at birth 出生时

7. up to 到达（某数量、程度等）

8. walk into 走路时撞着

9. fall over 绊倒

10. or so 大约

3. 必背典句：

1. Qomolangma is higher than any other mountain in the world.

珠穆朗玛峰比世界上任何其他一座山都要高。

2. The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.

撒哈拉是世界上最大的沙漠。

3. It’s a lot bigger than the population of the US.

它比美国人口大很多。

4. Do you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world?

你知道中国是世界上最古老的的国家之一吗？

4. 语法知识：

1. 比较级与最高级的构成

1）规则变化

一般在词尾直接加-er或-est。

在以不发音的字母e结尾的词，把y变成i，再加上-er或-est。

重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加-er或-est。

部分双音节词和多音节词分别在原级前加more构成比较级和most构成最高级。

2）不规则变化

good/well-better-best

bad/badly-worse-worst

many/much-more-most

little-less-least

far-farther/further-farthest/furthest

2. 比较级与最高级的用法

比较级的用法

1）由形容词+ly构成的副词，其比较级要用more。

2）在形容词或副词比较级前不可再加more。

3） 在比较级的句型中，两个对比部分的语法成份必须相同。

4）在比较级的句型中，主语不可包括在比较范围之内。

5） 表示“两者中较……的一个”时，比较级形容词前要加the。

6）在as ... as句型中，要根据谓语动词的性质选用适当的原级形容词或副词。

7）在最高级的句型中，最高级形容词前的the一般不可省去。

8） “越来越”常可用“比较级+and+比较级”来表示。

9） “越……，越……”常可用句型“The+比较级……，the +比较级……”表示。

最高级的用法

1） 三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用形容词最高级形式。形容词最高级前通常需加定冠词the，句末常接in / of短语来表示范围。

2） 表示“最……之一”时，用“one of + the + 最高级”。

3）最高级的修饰语by far/ far and away 最，很；almost，nearly 几乎。另外，second, third, next等也要放在定冠词之后。

人教版英语八下Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world？单元测试卷

(时间： 90分钟　分值： 100分)

一．单项选择（每小题1分；共10分）

1. You have to____one hundred and fifty yuan for these books.

A. take             B. spend             C. pay             D. cost             

2. —I am sorry I______ my exercise book at home.

 —Don’t forget____it to school tomorrow.

A. forget; to take         B. left; to bring        C. forgot; to bring             D. left; to take             

3. —Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow?

 —Well, it all ______the weather.

A. gets on             B. puts on             C. tries on             D. depends on             

4. —I will go to Harbin for my holiday. What about you?

 —I haven’t decided where ______.

A. go             B. went             C. going             D. to go             

5. —Remember to return the book to the library in time, ________you will be fined. 

 —Yeah, I know.

A. or             B. and             C. but             D. then             

6. —Do you mind my smoking here?

 —______. Look at the sign. It says "No Smoking".

A. Of course not             B. Never mind             

C. No, I don’t              D. You’d better not             

7. They had a great time ______games under the tree.

A. play             B. playing             C. to play             D. played             

8. Could you tell me who_____you with such important information?

A. provided             B. gave             C. offered             D. took

9. Don’t forget______when you finish______your computer.

A. turning off; to use      B. to turn it off; using     

C. to turn off; to use     D. turning it off; using             

10. You’d better____too much meat. You are much too fat.

A. not eat             B. don’t eat             C. not to eat         D. eat not    

二．完形填空 （每小题2分；共20分）

When we think of tigers, we think: strong and dangerous. But now, the big animal is calling 

for our help.

 　 There were once eight kinds of　  11  　in the world, but three kinds died out during the 

twentieth century. In the last 70 years, the　  12  　of Siberian tigers (虎) has gone from as 

many as 300 to　  13  22 somewhere. The Siberian tiger has been　  14  　dying out 

completely. If the government doesn’t make any efforts, it’s quite　  15  　that there will be no 

more Siberian tigers in China in ten to twenty years. 

 　　In order to double the number of wild tigers in the　  16  　ten years, the World Wildlife 

Fund has started a program. It　  17  　save wild tigers and put an end to tiger hunting and 

killing. China, together with twelve other　  18  　,has joined in. 

 　　Wild animals, such as red deer and wild pigs, are the main　  19  　of the tigers. The 

hunting of these animals is the greatest threat (危险)to tigers. So the most important thing is

20  　the animals that tigers eat. To protect the wild tigers, we need to tell more people to 

stop eating and hunting wild animals.

11. A. pigs B. tigers C. deer D. elephants

12. A. name B. kind C. number D. address

13. A. less than B. more than C. bigger than D. other than

14. A. in need of B. in danger of C. in front of D. in the front of

15. A. possible B. impossible C. necessary D. difficult

16. A. last B. next C. past D. first

17. A. aims to B. used to C. refuses to D. has to

18. A. cities B. provinces C. countries D. schools

19. A. friends B. food C. members D. family

20. A. to sell B. to kill C. to save D. to buy

三．阅读理解 （每小题2分；共30分）

A

Rock climbing(攀岩)did not become a sport until late in the 1900s. But now it has become a popular outdoor activity. While rock climbing may still be necessary for mountain climbing, most people just climb low mountains for fun.

If you have ever done rock climbing, you will know that it is not a very easy sport. Indoor and outdoor rock climbing both need practice. What most people don’t know is that rock climbing is one of the sports that depend on your body and mind(意志).

To climb successfully, one must use wonderful skills. One of the important rules is to always have three parts of your body on the rock face. Another important rule is that your arms only hold you close to the rock face while your legs are pushing you up, the closer you are to the rock face, the easier it is to climb.

Rock climbing is a wonderful sport. Once you start to learn how to climb, you’ll find more fun. People who like games such as chess playing or problem-solving may love rock climbing, because they are nearly the same in the way of thinking. For anyone who wants to get into beautiful shape, rock climbing is a fun and good way. Anyone who enjoys a difficult game and loves the outdoors should think of taking rock climbing as a new hobby.

21. When did rock climbing become a sport?

A. In 1900. B. Early in the 1900s.

C. In the middle of the 1900s. D. Late in the 1900s.

22. The chess players may like rock climbing because .

A. they’d like to get into beautiful shape

B. it is more interesting than chess playing

C. it is like chess playing in the way of thinking

D. they really like to do sports

23. Who should think of taking rock climbing as a new hobby?

A. People who enjoy indoor activities.

B. People who enjoy music.

C. People who enjoy a difficult game and love the outdoors.

D. People who love dancing.

24. What does rock climbing depend on?

A. It depends on your brain.

B. It depends on your hobby.

C. It depends on your interests.

D. It depends on your body and mind.

25. What can we learn from the passage?

A. Rock climbing is a kind of indoor and outdoor activity.

B. Rock climbing is a very easy sport.

C. When you climb, your arms push you up.

D. The closer you are to the rock face, the more difficult it is to climb.

B

The giraffe is the tallest modern land animal. It can be over 5. 5 meters tall. Its neck bone may be 1. 9 meters long. Yet the giraffe has only seven bones in its neck, the same number as in the human. Even a small bird has many more bones in its neck than in a tall giraffe. Each bone in a giraffe’s neck is very long, while the bones in a human’s neck are small. That makes the difference. A female giraffe gives birth to one baby at a time. The baby, called a calf, is about 1. 9 meters tall at birth. By the age of eight it is full-grown. The giraffe can live for 30 years; the giraffe is good at running; it can run 30 kilometers per hour. The giraffe likes to live together, usually 7-10 a group. The giraffe eats mostly leaves. Because it has a long neck, it can reach the leaves high up on the trees.

26. How long can a giraffe live?

A. 10 years. B. 30 years. C. 8 years. D. 7 years

27. The number of the bones in a bird’s neck is .

A. as big as in a human’s neck B. not so big as in a giraffe’s neck

C. much larger than in a human’s neck D. much smaller than in a giraffe’s neck

28. Which of the following is TRUE according to this passage?

A. A giraffe has only seven bones.

B. The giraffe is the largest animal on land.

C. It takes eight years for a giraffe to grow up.

D. All the leaves on the trees will be eaten by giraffes if they live in that region.

29. The baby giraffe is about at birth.

A. 5. 5 meters long B. 5. 5 meters tall

B. 1. 9 meters long D. 1. 9 meters tall

30. When a giraffe sees a tiger we can guess .

A. it will run away as fast as possible B. it will run to eat the tiger

C. it will make the tiger bring it something to eat D. it will bring some small animals for the tiger to eat

C

Light travels at a speed which is about a million times faster than the speed of sound. You can get some idea of this difference by watching the start of a race. If you stand some distance away from the starter, you can see smoke from his gun before the sound reaches your ears.

This great speed of light produces some strange facts Sunlight takes about 8 minutes to reach us If you look at the light of the moon tonight, remember that the light rays left the moon 1.3 seconds before they reached you The nearest star is so far away that the light that you can see from it tonight started to travel towards you four years ago at a speed of nearly 2 million km. per minute. In some cases, the light from one of tonight's stars had started on its journey to you before you were born.

Thus, if we want to be honest, we can't say, "The stars are shining tonight" We have to say instead, "The stars look pretty They were shining four years ago, but their light has only just reached the earth."

31．Light speed is ________ sound speed.

A．as fast as

B．a million times slower than

C．about millions of times faster than

D．about a million times faster than

32．If you stand 200 meters away from a man who is firing a gun to start a race, you will find out that _______.

A．you can hear the sound before you see the smoke

B．the sound does not travel as fast as light

C．the sound will reach you before the man fires

D．sound travels about a million times faster than light

33．Sunlight obviously（明显地）_________ than the light of the moon.

A．has to travel a greater distance   B．moves less quickly

C．travels much more quickly          D．is less powerful（有力的）

34．The scientific way of saying "The stars are shining tonight" should be ________.

A．the stars have been shining all the time

B．the stars seen tonight will shine four years later

C．the stars were shining long ago but seen tonight

D．the starlight seen today could be seen four years ago

35. The Main idea of the article is __________.

A. the speed B. the light C. the speed of the light D. the speed of the sound

四．用单词的正确形式填空（每小题1分；共10分）

36. The children will use computers ____(study) at home.

37. There are many famous____(predict) that never come true.

38. ____(plant) grow well all the year round and the gardens are beautiful.

39. Do you think there will be___(few) cars and more buses in 20 years?

40. My grandfather lived____(be) 103.

41. The teacher asked us to hand in our___(paper) at once.

42. There_____(be) many people at tomorrow’s English evening.

43. The city will be very big and ______(crowd) soon.

44. Every student should play a part in_____(save) water.

45. _____(predict) the future can be difficult. No one knows what will happen.

5．首字母填空（每小题1分；共10分）

46．Please give me a piece of p____to write on.

47. Many beautiful fish disappearing(消失)because of the p____.

48. I am sorry to say there were f____people coming to her birthday party.

49. It’s your duty to keep your e____clean and tidy.

50. ----How far away is the moon from the e_____?

----It’s about 384.000 kilometers away.

51. ---Will there be world p_____?

---Yes, I hope so.

52. My father was very ill, but now he’s out of d____.

53. If I were a bird, I could fly in the s_____.

54.I hope I’ll be a doctor in the f_____.

55. You must p____200 trees on Planting Tree Day.

6．书面表达（共20分）

请以“Saving Tigers”为题,为某中学生英文报《习作园地》专栏写一篇80词左右的征文稿,内容要点如下:

 　　1.老虎是人们在动物园里最喜欢观看的动物之一;

 　　2.现在世界上仅存大约3,200只野生老虎,数目日趋减少;

 　　3.老虎处境危险的原因;

 　　4.保护老虎的建议。

 注意:

 　　1.征文稿须包括所给内容要点,要求语句通顺、意思连贯;

 　　2.第3、第4要点的内容须用3至4句话展开合理想象,可适当发挥。

Have you visited zoos? Have you seen tigers in the zoos?_________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

答案和解析：

一.单项选择 (每小题1分；共10分)

1.C 本题考查动词辨析。句意：你需要为这些书支付150元。主语是you，再结合其后的for these books可知，所缺的“花费”是pay。

2.B 本题考查动词辨析和一般过去时。句意：——对不起，我把我的练习本忘在家里了。——不要忘记明天把它带到学校来。表示“把某物遗忘在某处”要用leave；表示“从别处带到说话入处”要用bring，故答案为B。

3.D 本题考查动词短语。句意：——我们明天要去野餐吗？——这取决于天气如何。get on上车；put on穿上；try on试穿；depend on依赖，由……而定。结合本题语境可知，那由天气而定。故答案为D。

4.D 本题考查动词不定式。句意：——我要去哈尔滨过生日。你呢？——我还没决定要去哪。where to go属于“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”的结构，在句中作decided的宾语。

5.A 本题考查连词辨析。句意：——记得及时把这本书还给图书馆，否则你会被罚款。——是的，我知道。结合本题语境可知，or“否则”符合题意。

6.D 本题考查交际用语。句意：——你介意我在这抽烟吗？——你最好不要抽烟。看这个标志。写着“禁止吸烟”。结合问句和答语可知，此处应用“You’d better not”，该句意为“你最好不要(在这里抽烟)”。选D。

7.B 本题考查动名词。句意：他们在树下玩得很开心。have a great time后接动名词。故答案为B。

8.A 本题考查动词辨析。句意：你能告诉我谁给你提供了这么重要的信息吗？根据provide sb. with sth.的固定搭配可知答案为A。

9.B 本题考查动词不定式和动名词。句意：别忘了在用完之后关掉电脑。don’t forget to do sth.意为“不要忘记做某事”；finish后用动名词，故答案为B。

10.A 本题考查固定搭配。句意：你最好不要吃太多肉，你太胖了。had better后接动词原形。had better do sth.的否定结构是had better not do sth.“最好不要做某事”，故答案为A。

二．完形填空（每小题2分；共20分）

11. B 本题考查名词辨析。根据第一段中提到的tiger可知选B。

12. C 本题考查名词辨析。根据后文的“300 to 22”可知，这里指的是东北虎的数量，故选C。

13. A 本题考查比较级。东北虎的数量从300只减少到不到22只。less than“少于”;more than“超过”;bigger than“比……大”;other than“除了”。故选A。

14. B  本题考查介词短语。东北虎正面临完全灭绝的危险。in need of意为“需要……”;in 

danger of意为“处于……的危险中”;in front of意为“在……(外部)的前面”;in the front of意为“在……(内部的)前面”。根据前文提到的数量的较少可知选B。

15.A 本题考查形容词辨析。如果政府不作出努力,在10到20年后,中国将很可能不会有东北虎了。possible“可能的”;impossible“不可能的”;necessary“必要的”;difficult“困难的”。故选A。

16.B 本题考查词语辨析。为了在今后的10年里使野生虎的数量翻番,世界野生动物基金会启动了一个项目。last“最后的”;next“紧接在后的”;past“过去的”;first“第一”。故选B。

17.A 本题考查动词短语。这个项目的目的在于拯救野生虎,结束猎杀老虎的行为。aim to do“力求做”;used to do“过去常常做”;refuse to do“拒绝做”;have to do“不得不做”。故选A。

18.C 本题考查名词辨析。中国和其他的12个国家已经参加了这个项目。China是国家，故选C。

19.B 本题考查名词辨析。根据本段倒数第二句中的“tigers eat”可知:红鹿和野猪等野生动物是老虎的主要食物。故选food(食物)。

20.C 本题考查动词辨析。根据本段内容可知,要保护老虎，最重要的是挽救它们吃的动物。故选C。

三．阅读理解 （每小题2分；共30分）

A篇

21. D 细节查找题。由原文Rock climbing(攀岩)did not become a sport until late in the 1900s.可知，答案为D。

22. C 细节查找题。由原文people who like games such as chess playing or problem-solving may love rock climbing, because they are nearly the same in the way of thinking. 可知，答案为C。

23. C 细节查找题。由原文 Anyone who enjoys a difficult game and loves the outdoors should think of taking rock climbing as a new hobby. 可知，答案为C。

24. D 细节查找题。由原文What most people don’t know is that rock climbing is one of the sports that depend on your body and mind(意志). 可知，答案为D。

25. A 主旨大意题。文章讲了Rock climbing的活动方式，介绍了Rock climbing是一种户内户外都适合玩的活动。

B篇

26. B 细节查找题。由原文The giraffe can live for 30 years可知，答案为B。

27. C 细节查找题。由原文 Each bone in a giraffe’s neck is very long, while the bones in a human’s neck are small.可知，答案为C。

28. C 判断题。由原文By the age of eight it is full-grown. 可知，答案为C。

29. D 细节查找题。由原文The baby, called a calf, is about 1. 9 meters tall at birth.可知，答案为D。

30. A 细节理解题。由原文 the giraffe is good at running; it can run 30 kilometers per hour可知，长颈鹿非常擅于奔跑，当它碰到食肉动物的时候，判断答案为A。

C篇

31. D 细节理解题。由原文Light travels at a speed which is about a million times faster than the speed of sound.可知，答案为D。

32. B 细节理解题。 由原文If you stand some distance away from the starter, you can see smoke from his gun before the sound reaches your ears.可知，答案为B。

33. A 细节理解题。由原文If you look at the light of the moon tonight, remember that the light rays left the moon 1.3 seconds before they reached you 可知，答案为A。

34. C 细节理解题。由原文"The stars look pretty They were shining four years ago, but their light has only just reached the earth.可知，答案为C。

35. C 细节理解题。文章一直在讲light的速度，提到了sound的速度进行对比，因此答案为C。

四．用单词的正确形式填空 (每小题1分；共10分)

36. to study use sth to do sth表示利用某物做某事，孩子们将用电脑在家学习。

37. predictions 将动词转换成名词。有许多有名的语言都没有成真。

38. Plants plant表示植物，花园里的植物不止一种，因此要用复数形式plants。

39. fewer 你认为在二十年后将会有更少的私家车和更多的公交车吗？

40. to be 我的爷爷活到了103岁。

41. papers 老师叫我们马上把我们的试卷上交。

42. will be 在明天的英语晚会中将会有很多人参加。

43. crowded 城市将很快变得很大并且很拥挤。

44. saving 每个学生都应该参与节约用水。

45. Predicting 预测未来将会变得很困难。没有人知道将会发生什么。

五．首字母填空（每小题1分；共10分）

46.paper 请给我一张纸写字。

47.pollution 许多漂流的鱼都消失了，因为污染。

48.few 我很抱歉的告诉你她的生日派对几乎没人参加。

49.environment 保持你的环境感觉整洁是你的责任。

50.earth -从月球到地球要多远？-大约384000千米。

51.peace -会有世界和平吗？-希望如此。

52.danger 我的爸爸生病很严重，但是现在他已经脱离危险了。

53.sky 如果我是一只鸟，我可以在天空飞翔。

54.future 我希望我将会成为一个医生。

55.plant 你必须在植树节种200棵树。

六.书面表达 （共20分）

One possible version：

Saving Tigers

Have you visited zoos? Have you seen tigers in the zoos?I think the tiger is one of our 

favorite animals in the zoo.But now there are only about 3,200 wild tigers in the world, and the number of them is reducing. What caused them to reduce? Because many forests are cut down and they have no place to live in. In order to protect them we must build many nature reserves. And we must stop people from hunting.

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