Unit 5 The power of nature
Ⅰ.阅读理解
[2017·广东高三适应性测试]
From my earlier memory of Mother，it somehow seemed quite natural to think of her as different，not of everyday things as Father was.In those days he was a young－looking man.He did not hesitate to make friends with children as soon as they were able to talk to him and laugh at his stories.Mother was older than he was.She must have been a woman of nearly forty，but she seemed even older.She changed little for a long time，showing no indication of growing old at all until，towards the end of her life，she suddenly became an old lady.
I was always inquisitive about Mother's age.She never had birthdays like other people，nor did anyone else in our family.No candles were ever lit or cakes made or presents given in our house.To my friends in the street who talked delightfully about their birthday parties，I would repeat my Mother's words that such celebrations were only foolish.
“Nothing but deception，” she would say.“As though life can be marked by birthdays.It's deeds，not years，that matter.”
Although I often repeated her words and even prided myself on not having birthdays，I once could not help asking Mother when she was born.
“I was born.I'm alive as you can see，so what more do you want to know？” she replied，so sharply that I never asked her about her age again.
In so many other ways Mother was different.Whereas all the rest of the women I knew in the neighboring houses took pride in their housewifely abilities，their new furniture，the neat appearance of their homes，Mother regarded all those things as of little importance.Our house always looked as if we had just moved in or were about to move out.
1．How did Father impress the author?
A．He liked writing stories.
B．He loved making friends.
C．He was a very young man.
D．He was popular with children.
2．Before the end of her life，Mother__________.
A．looked quite young
B．looked like an old lady
C．looked younger than she was
D．looked like a forty－year－old woman
3．What does the word “inquisitive” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?
A．Certain. B．Curious.
C．Cautious. D．Confident.
4．What do we learn about Mother?
A．She was lazy. B．She was strict.
C．She was proud. D．She was special.
答案：[解题导语]本文依托作者小时候对妈妈的记忆讲述了一个在外貌、性格、对待年龄的态度和家庭生活方面都与众不同的妈妈。
1．D 解析：推理判断题。根据文章第一段第三句He did not hesitate to make friends with children as soon as they were able to talk to him and laugh at his stories.可知，作者的爸爸非常愿意和孩子交朋友，由此可推断爸爸很受孩子们欢迎。故选D项。
2．C 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句She changed little for a long time，showing no indication of growing old at all until，towards the end of her life，she suddenly became an old lady.可知，作者的妈妈很长时间以来都没变化，一点变老的痕迹都没有。故选C项。
3．B 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后的一句She never had birthdays like other people，nor did anyone else in our family.可知妈妈从不过生日，由此可以推断出作者对妈妈的年龄一无所知，应是好奇的。故选B项。
4．D 解析：推理判断题。根据全文理解和最后一段第一句In so many other ways Mother was different.可总结出，妈妈是个特别的人。故选D项。
Ⅱ.完形填空
[2017·甘肃诊断性测试]
Many years ago，I went to__1__my mother from work in the afternoon.I got there a little early so I parked the car by the road and waited for her.
As I looked outside the car window to my right，there was a small park where I__2__a little boy，around one and a half to two years old，__3__freely on the grass as his mother watched from a short distance.The boy had a big smile on his face__4__he had just been set free from some sort of prison.The boy would then fall to the grass，get up，and without__5__or without looking back at his mother，run as fast as he could，again，still with a smile on his face.It seemed__6__had happened!
For kids，__7__at an early age，when they fall down，they don't regard their falling down as a__8__； instead，they treat it as a learning experience.They feel compelled to try and try again until they succeed.The answer must be that they have not__9__ “falling down” with the word “failure” yet，thus they don't know how to feel the state which accompanies failure.Therefore，they are not__10__in any way.In addition，they probably think to themselves that it's perfectly okay to fall down，and that it's not wrong to do so.__11__，they give themselves permission to make mistakes.Thus they remain energetic.
Touched as I was by the boy's__12__，I was equally touched by the manner in which he ran.With each attempt，he looked so__13__and natural.No__14__of fear and nervousness.
His only aim was to run freely and to do it as__15__as he could.He was just being a child—just being himself—being completely in the moment.He was not looking for__16__or was not worrying about whether someone was__17__or not.He wasn't concerned about being judged.He didn't seem to be bothered by the fact that maybe someone would see him fall (as there were others in the park apart from him and his mother) and that it would be__18__if he did fall.No，all that__19__to him was to accomplish the task or activity at hand to the best of his ability.To run and to feel the experience of running fully and freely.I__20__a lot from that observation and experience，and have successfully brought that lesson with me in my many pursuits in life.
1.A.take up B．pick up
C．bring up D．look up
2．A.realized B．understood
C．saw D．helped
3．A.marching B．walking
C．running D．moving
4．A.even if B．only if
C．if only D．as if
5．A.hesitation B．competition
C．situation D．motivation
6．A.everything B．something
C．anything D．nothing
7．A.especially B．specially
C．generally D．normally
8．A.success B．failure
C．shame D．pity
9．A.announced B．abandoned
C．assumed D．associated
10．A.encouraged B．shocked
C．discouraged D．excited
11．A.In other words B．In conclusion
C．For another D．On the contrary
12．A.faith B．honesty
C．persistence D．loyalty
13．A.upset B．calm
C．enthusiastic D．confident
14．A.symbols B．signs
C．signals D．marks
15．A.effectively B．imaginatively
C．relatively D．negatively
16．A.explanation B．approval
C．curiosity D．opinion
17．A.listening B．glaring
C．watching D．enjoying
18．A.embarrassing B．amazing
C．confusing D．thrilling
19．A.referred B．came
C．contributed D．mattered
20．A.won B．learned
C．made D．knew
答案：[解题导语]作者看到一个小男孩在奔跑中摔倒又站起来，在这个过程中不在乎被他人注视也不害怕摔倒，而是努力做到自由奔跑，从这一幕中作者学到了重要的一课。
1．B 解析：根据空后．..I parked the car by the road and waited for her.可知，作者是开车去接母亲下班的。pick up意为 “开车接 (某人)”，符合语境。故选B项。take up意为 “开始从事；占据”；bring up意为 “抚养；提出”；looked up意为 “向上看；查询”。
2．C 解析：根据前文looked outside可知，此处为同义词 (see) 复现，故选C项。句意：当我从右边的车窗往外看时，看到一个一岁半到两岁的小男孩，在一个小公园的草地上自由自在地奔跑，而他的母亲在不远处看着。realize意为 “意识到”；understand意为 “理解”；help意为 “帮助”。
3．C 解析：句意见上一题解析。根据第5空后的．..run as fast as he could...可知，此处为原词复现，应选择running，故选C项。march意为 “前进；行军”；walk意为 “走路；散步”；move意为 “移动；搬家”。
4．D 解析：句意：小男孩脸上露出了灿烂的笑容，好像刚刚从某个监狱被释放出来一般。此处用虚拟语气 (小男孩并不是真的从监狱被释放出来) 来突出小男孩的喜悦，as if意为 “好像”，其后的从句常用虚拟语气，符合原文，故选D项。even if意为 “即使”；only if意为 “只有；只要……就”；if only意为 “要是……多好”。
5．A 解析：根据后文并列的without looking back at his mother及run as fast as he could，again可知，小男孩摔倒后，毫不犹豫地站起来继续跑。without hesitation意为 “毫不犹豫”，符合语境，故选A项。competition意为 “竞争”；situation意为 “情况；形势”；motivation意为 “动机”。
6．D 解析：根据前文小男孩摔倒依然自己站起来继续奔跑可知，小男孩表现得就像什么事情都没有发生过一样。everything意为 “所有事物；一切”；something意为 “某物；某事”；anything意为 “任何事情”；nothing意为 “没有事；没有任何东西”。故选D项。
7．A 解析：specially意为 “尤其；特别地”；specially意为 “特别地；专门地”；generally意为 “大体上；总体上”；normally意为 “通常地；正常地”。句意：对小孩而言，尤其是在很小的时候，当他们摔倒的时候，他们并不会把摔倒当成是一种失败。故选A项。
8．B 解析：句意见上一题解析。根据后文 “相反，他们把摔倒当成一种学习经验” 可知，前文表示 “年纪尚小的孩子不会把摔倒当成不好的事情 (failure “失败”)，而是当成学习的机会”，故选B项。根据第9空后的failure也可知答案。success意为 “成功”；shame意为 “羞耻；遗憾”；pity意为 “同情；遗憾”。
9．D 解析：句意：答案肯定就是他们尚未把 “摔倒” 与 “失败” 联系起来，因此也就不知道如何体会伴随有失败的情形。associate...with...意为 “把……和……联系起来”；符合语境。故选D项。announce意为 “宣布；宣告；预示”，abandon意为 “遗弃；放弃”，assume意为 “假设；承担”。
10．C 解析：根据前文，在小孩子眼里，不会把摔倒与失败联系在一起，因此设空处表示 “也就不会感受到失败带来的挫败感”，即感到气馁。encouraged意为 “受到鼓舞的”；shocked意为 “感到震惊的”；discouraged意为 “感到气馁的，沮丧的”；excited意为 “感到激动的”。故选C项。
11．A 解析：前文提到 “他们自己可能认为摔倒是自然的，摔倒并没有错”，后文提到 “他们允许自己犯错”，这两句所表达的意思相近，所以in other words (换句话说) 符合语境。故选A项。in conclusion意为 “总之”；for another意为 “另一方面”；on the contrary意为 “相反”。
12．C 解析：根据前文虽然小男孩摔倒了一次又一次但还是靠自己站起来可知，小男孩十分有毅力 (persistence)，故选C项。faith意为 “信仰；信念；信任”；honesty意为 “诚实”；loyalty意为 “忠诚”。
13．D 解析：根据后文的fear (害怕) 和nervousness (紧张) 可知，前文应指小男孩勇敢、不紧张。confident意为 “自信的”，符合语境。故选D项。upset意为 “烦恼的；心烦的”；calm意为 “平静的；镇定的”；enthusiastic意为 “热情的”。
14．B 解析：根据前文摔倒又站起来及natural可知，小男孩没有展露出害怕和紧张的迹象 (sign)，故选B项。symbol意为 “象征”；signal意为 “信号”；mark意为 “标记；符号”。
15．A 解析：根据前文中的run as fast as he could可知，此处应选与fast含义相近的词，指小男孩尽可能有效地做到自由奔跑。effectively意为 “有效地”；imaginatively意为 “想象地”；relatively意为 “相对地”；negatively意为 “消极地”。故选A项。
16．B 解析：根据前文中的He was...just being himself及下文的He wasn't concerned about being judged.可知，他是在做自己，而不是在作秀给他人看以获得他人的赞许 (approval) 。故选B项。explanation意为 “解释”；curiosity意为 “好奇心”；opinion意为 “观点”。
17．C 解析：根据空后一句中的someone would see him fall...可知，该空为同义词复现，用watch表示 “有人在看着”。故选C项。listen意为 “听”；glare意为 “怒视”；enjoy意为 “喜欢；享受”。
18．A 解析：根据常识，公园里还有其他人在看着，摔倒会容易让人感到难堪 (embarrassing) 。故选A项。amazing意为 “令人惊讶的”；confusing意为 “令人困惑的”；thrilling 意为“令人激动的；毛骨悚然的”。
19．D 解析：根据前后逻辑可知，小男孩不在乎旁人的注视，也不害怕摔倒，他在乎的是尽自己最大的力量完成眼前的任务。matter意为 “有关系；要紧”，符合语境。故选D项。refer to意为 “参考；查阅；涉及”；come to意为 “想起；共计”；contribute to意为 “导致；有助于；捐献”。
20．B 解析：根据下文的．..have successfully brought that lesson with me...可知，作者从这次的观察和体验中学到了很多。learn sth.from意为 “从/向……学习”。故选B项。win意为 “赢；获胜”；make意为 “制作”；know意为 “知道；了解”。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Several years ago I was at a train station in Amsterdam waiting in line to buy a ticket.As I stood there I saw a young man asking people for money so that he could buy his breakfast.Most of the travelers simply 1.__________ (ignore) the young man or gave 2.__________ (he) a dirty look，yet a well－dressed middle－aged man reacted differently.When 3.__________ (approach) by the young man，the gentleman looked 4.__________him and quietly asked, “How much will you need？” I couldn't hear 5.__________the young man said but watched as the gentleman pulled several 6.__________ (note) from his wallet and 7.__________ (calm) placed them in the young man's hands.
I don't know whether the young man actually used the money for his breakfast or for 8.__________purposes.What I do know is that I witnessed two different reactions to the same situation.I saw people who 9.__________ (be) either afraid or annoyed.And then I saw the gentleman who was not afraid and treated the homeless young man as though he were a brother.I decided then and there that，even though we have to be 10.__________ (care) in this world，I would rather be like the gentleman.
答案：[解题导语]作者曾目睹过一个人向路人乞讨钱买早餐，但无人问津，只有一个绅士给予帮助，这给作者留下了很深的印象。
1．ignored 解析：考查动词的时态。句意：大多数旅客只是不理那个年轻人，或者是给他一个嫌弃的表情，但是一位穿着讲究的中年男子却表现得不一样。根据文章开头的时间状语Several years ago可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填ignored。
2．him 解析：考查代词。句意见上一题解析。设空处作及物动词give的间接宾语，指代上文的the young man，应用宾格代词。故填him。
3．approached 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当这个年轻人靠近时，那位绅士看着他，轻声地问： “你需要多少钱？” 根据句意可知，approach的动作是由the young man发出的，与主语the gentleman之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词表被动。故填approached。
4．at 解析：考查介词。句意见上一题解析。look at为固定短语，意为 “看着”。故填at。
5．what 解析：考查名词性从句。句意：我无法听到这个年轻人说的话，但是看到这位绅士从他钱包里拿出几张钞票，并心平气和地把钱放在年轻人的手中。设空处引导宾语从句，作动词hear的宾语，且从句中缺少said的宾语。故填what。
6．notes 解析：考查名词单复数。句意见上一题解析。note在此意为 “纸币；钞票”，为可数名词，且该空前有several修饰，故应填复数形式。故填notes。
7．calmly 解析：考查词性转换。句意见第5题解析。设空处修饰动词placed，应用副词。故填calmly。
8．other 解析：考查限定词。句意：我不知道年轻人是否确实用这些钱去买了早餐，还是用于其他目的。设空处修饰名词purposes作定语，且表泛指，根据句意可知表示 “其他的”。故填other。
9．were 解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：我看见人们或者是害怕或者是生气。设空处作who引导的定语从句的谓语，who指代people，为复数，故从句谓语动词应用复数形式；主句为一般过去时，且saw与be动词的动作是同时发生的，因此，从句也应用一般过去时。故填were。
10．careful 解析：考查词性转换。句意：即使我们不得不在这个世界上小心翼翼，但我仍愿意像这位绅士一样。be动词后应用形容词作表语，故填careful。
Ⅳ.短文改错
I remember a first time when I saw my little sister Shanshan.I was eight years old.Because my arms looked weak，my mother trusted that I can hold the baby.Then，I took Shanshan on my arms，and I knew how much I very loved her.My mother had a full－time job，so we had a person which was in charge of housekeeping and taking care of us.I didn't want anyone else take care of my sister.Therefore，I feed her，gave her a bath，and changed her clothes.When she was cry，I held her.Now Shanshan has grown up and is tall than I am，but I still treat her as my little sister.
Ⅴ.书面表达
假设你是高中生李华，最近你校打算就 “成功” 这一话题展开广泛的交流。请你用英语写一篇题为“××Contribute(s) to Our Success” 的短文发表在学校的网站上。内容包括：
1．有助于成功的一种优良品质；
2．举例说明；
3．提出倡议。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。
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答案：One possible version：
Good Habits Contribute to Our Success
Good habits contribute to our success.Good habits of learning will help us acquire more knowledge and improve our skills.Meanwhile，good habits of living will make us develop well physically and mentally.Therefore，we must attach importance to healthy food，constant exercise，reasonable schedules and eyesight protection.
Zhang Heng，a famous scientist of ancient China，had a good habit of observing and counting stars in the sky since his childhood.Due to the habit，he found stars were always changing their positions in the sky.By carefully observing and calculating，he completed his theory about the universe，which was hundreds of years ahead of those of Western scientists.
So do remember to form our own good habits，and we will be a success.
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