educating global workers

Educating global workers

第一段

The relationship between formal education and economic growth in poor countries is widely misunderstood by economists and politicians alike.（贫穷国家的正规教育与经济增长之间的关系被诸如经济学家和政治家之类的人广泛地误解了）

Progress in both areas is undoubtedly necessary for the social,political and intellectual development of these and all other societies;（毫无疑问，对于这些国家及所有其他国家的社会、政治和学术发展而言，经济和教育这两方面的增长无疑都是非常必要的）

However,the conventional view that education should be one of the very highest priorities for promoting rapid economic development in poor countries is wrong.（然而，那种认为在贫穷国家里，教育应该放在首位以促进经济快速发展的观点是错误的）

We are fortunate that is it,because building new educational systems there and putting enough people through them to improve economic performance would require two or three generations.（我们很幸福前面的传统观点是错误的，因为在那里国家建立新的教育机制并让足够多的人完成学业，从而提高国家的经济效益需要两三代人的努力）

The findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radically higher productivity and,

As a result,radically higher standards of living.（一家研究机构过去十年的研究结果始终表明：各个国家的工人都可以通过接受在职培训而大幅度地提高生产率，并因此大幅度地提高生活水平）

第二段

Ironically,the first evidence for this idea appeared in the United States.（具有讽刺意味的是，这一观点的首个证据出现在美国）

Not long ago,with the country entering a recessing and Japan at its prebubble peak,the U.S workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of the primary cause of the poor U.S economic performance.（不久前，随着美国经济陷入衰退期，日本经济则正处于泡沫破灭前的顶峰，美国劳动力被嘲讽为受教育程度差，并且被认为是导致美国经济不景气的最主要原因）

Japan was,and remains,the global leader in automotive assembly productivity.（在全球，日本过去曾是现在仍是汽车组装生产力的领头羊）

Yet the research revealed that the U.S factories of Honada,Nissan,and Toyota achieved about 95 percent of the productivity of their Japanese counterparts—a result of the training that U.S workers received on the job.（然而有研究表明：由于美国汽车工人在生产过程接受了在职培训，本田、尼桑以及丰田在美国的工厂的生产率也达到日本本土同行的生产率95%）

第三段

More recently,while examining housing construction,the researchers discovered that illiterate,non English speaking Mexican workers in Houston,Texas,consistently met best practice labor productivity standards despite the complexity of the building industry's work.（最近，研究人员在调查房屋建设时，发现尽管房地产行业的工作的工作十分复杂，在得克萨斯州的休斯敦，那些未受过什么教育的、母语非英语的墨西歌工人总是能达到最佳的劳动力生产标准）

第四段

What is the real relationship between education and economic development?（教育和经济发展之间到底存在怎样的关系呢？）

We have begun to suspect that continuing economic growth promotes the development of education even when governments don't force it.（我们已经开始猜想：即使在各国政府没有强行推行时，持续的经济增长也会促使教育事业的发展）

After all,that's how education got started.（毕竟，教育就是这样开始的）

When our ancestors were hunters and gatherers 10,000 years ago,they didn't have time to wonder much about anything besides finding food.（在一万年前，当我们的祖先依靠狩猎和采集野果为生时，他们没有时间去了解除了食物之外的其他事情）

Only when humanity began to get its food in a more productive way was there time for other things.（只有当人类开始以一种更富有成效的方式来获得食物的时候，才有时间从事其他活动）

第五段

As education improved,humanity's productivity potential increased as well.（随着教育的进步，人类提高生产力的潜力也不断地增加）

When the competitive environment pushed our ancestors to achieve that potential,they could in turn afford more education.（当竞争环境迫使我们的祖先实现了这种潜能的时候，他们反而可以获得更多的教育机会）

This increasingly high level of education is proobably a necessary,but not a sufficient,condition for the complex political systems required by advanced economic performance.（这种越来越高的教育水平可能是必要的，但决不是领先的经济成就所要求的复杂政治体系的充分条件）

Thus poor countries might not be able to escape their poverty traps without political changes that may be possible only with broader formal education.（因此，贫穷国家如果不改变政治情况便无法摆脱其贫困状态，而要进行政治改革只能靠更广泛的正规教育才能得以实现）

A lack of formal education,however,doesn't constrain the ability of the developing world's workforce to substantially improve productivity for the foreseeable future.（然而，正规教育的缺乏并不能限制发展中国家的劳动力在可预见的未来持续大规模提高生产力）

On the contrary,constraints on improving productivity explain why education isn't developing more quickly there than it is.（相反，对提高生产力的限制解释了为何那里的教育发展的速度并没有快于目前的速度）

本文来源：https://www.2haoxitong.net/k/doc/e36468def61fb7360b4c65cb.html