首页 > 在职考研英语常考词组的真题解析3

在职考研英语常考词组的真题解析3

发布时间：2013-02-26 09:57:44 来源：文档文库

小中大

字号：

手机查看

55、narrow [5nArEua.狭窄的，狭隘的；v.①限制，限定；②变窄，收缩【真题例句】 For any job search, you should start with a narrow (a.) concept — what you think you want to do — then broaden it.[2004年阅读1] 【例句精译】寻找任何职业，你都要从一个狭窄的概念开始，即你想干什么工作，然后再加以扩展。【真题例句】 Narrowing (v.①) your criteria, for example, may work against you: “Every time you answer a question you eliminate a possibility.” says one expert.[2004年阅读1] 【例句精译】比如把个人求职要求越具体明确就有可能对你越不利，一位专家说：“你每回答一次问题你就丧失一次机会。” 【真题例句】 It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed (v.②) as other countries grew richer.[2000年阅读1] 【例句精译】随着其他国家日益强盛，美国从这一优势地位逐渐下降是不可避免的。

56、nature [5neitFE] n.①自然界，大自然；②性质，本性，天性【真题例句】 No other species fills so many places in nature (①).[2000年阅读2] 【例句精译】没有其他物种充斥着自然中如此多的空间。【真题例句】 The jury agreed that the nature (②) of the game, not the helmet, was the reason for the athlete’s injury.[1999年阅读1] 【例句精译】陪审团也认为造成该运动员受伤的是这项运动本身的危险性，而不是头盔。

57、note [nEutn.①笔记，记录；②按语，注释；③便条，短笺；④钞票，纸币；⑤暗示，建议v.①记下，摘下；②表明，认为【真题例句】 But it is a little upsetting to read in the explanatory notes (n.②) that a certain line describes a fight between a Turkish and a Bulgarian officer on a bridge off which they both fall into the river — and then to find that the line consists of the noise of their falling and the weights of the officers: “Pluff! Pluff! A hundred and eighty-five kilograms.”[2000年阅读3] 【例句精译】在某首诗中，未来派诗人用一行文字描写了一名土耳其军官和一名保加利亚军官在桥上发生搏斗的场面，结果双双从桥上掉进河中；看了这首诗，有点让人摸不着头脑；后来看了注解才发现，诗把他们两人落水的声音和体重写在了一起：“扑通！扑通！185公斤。” 【真题例句】 There is a heavy note (n.⑤) of hypocrisy in this, a case of closing the barn door after the horses have escaped — with the educated themselves riding on them.[2000年阅读5] 【例句精译】他们的说法有着浓厚的虚伪色彩，正如马从马厩跑出来后再关上马厩的门，而受过良好教育的人自己正骑在那些马背上那样的虚伪。【真题例句】 “The term ‘anti-science’ can lump together too many, quite different things,” notes (v.①) Harvard University philosopher Gerald Holton in his 1993 work Science and Anti-Science, “They have in common only one thing that they tend to annoy or threaten those who regard themselves as more enlightened.”[1998年阅读3] 【例句精译】 “‘反科学’这个词可以涵盖太多截然不同的东西”，哈佛大学的哲学家杰拉尔德·霍尔顿在其1993年的著作《科学和反科学》中写道：“它们惟一的共同点就是会激怒或威胁那些自以为更开明的人。” 【真题例句】 Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes (v.②) that the situation will improve only when there are (17：comprehensive) programs that address the many needs of the homeless.[2006年完形] 【例句精译】《波士顿环球日报》记者克里斯•雷迪认为只有通过全面规划来解决这些无家可归者的各种需求，这种局面才有可能得到改善。

58、novel [5nCvEl] n.（长篇）小说；a.新奇的，新颖的【真题例句】 Curiously, some two-and-a-half years and two novels (n.) later, my experiment in what the Americans term “downshifting” has turned my tired excuse into an absolute reality.[2001年阅读5] 【例句精译】奇怪的是，大约两年半的时间我写完两部小说后，我这个被美国人称为“换低档”的试验，却使我老掉牙的借口变成了现实。【真题例句】 60. When a novel (a.) literary idea appears, people should try to_____.[2000年阅读3] [A] determine its purposes 【例句精译】 60、当出现新的艺术思潮时，人们应该尽力_____。 [A] 确定其目的

59、objective [Eb5dVektiv] n.目标，目的；a.客观的，真实的【真题例句】 A unity of objectives (n.) that nonetheless respect the varied peculiarities of each country.[2005年翻译] 【例句精译】也就是说，既能达到我们共同的目的，又能兼顾不同国家各自的特色。【真题例句】 They provide a quick, objective (a.) method of getting some kinds of information about what a person learned , the skills he has developed, or the kind of person he is.[1995年翻译] 【例句精译】标准化测试提供了快速、客观地得到某些信息的方法。这些信息是有关一个人所学到的知识，他所获得的技能，或者是他属于哪一类型的人。

60、oblige [E5blaidV] v.①强迫；②责成；③（使）感激，施恩于【真题例句】 Moreover, the integration of the European community will oblige (①) television companies to cooperate more closely in terms of both production and distribution.[2005年翻译] 【例句精译】另外，欧共体的融合性也会迫使电视传媒集团在节目的制作和流通中，与他人更进一步地合作。【真题例句】 (62) We are obliged (③) to them because some of these languages have since vanished, as the peoples who spoke them died out or became assimilated and lost their native languages.[2004年翻译] 【例句精译】 (62) 我们之所以感激他们（两位先驱），是因为在此之后，这些（土著）语言中有一些已经不复存在了，这是由于说这些语言的部族或是消亡了，或是被同化而丧失了自己的本族语言。

61、opening [5EupniN] n.①口子，孔；②开始，开端；③空缺，机会；a.开始的，开幕的【真题例句】 Three weeks later, he got his first notification of an opening (n.③).[2004年阅读1] 【例句精译】过了三个星期，他接到第一份有职位空缺的通知。【真题例句】 21. In the opening (a.) paragraph, the author introduces his topic by _____.[2005年阅读1] [C] making a comparison. 【例句精译】 21、在起始段，作者通过_____引入主题。 [C] 进行对比

62、outlet [5autlet] n.①出路，出口；②发泄方法，排遣；③经销店【真题例句】 In 1992, when Time Warner was under fire for releasing Ice-T’s violent rap song Cop Killer, Levin described rap as lawful expression of street culture, which deserves an outlet (②).[1997年阅读4] 【例句精译】 1992年公司因出品冰特乐队狂暴的说唱歌曲《警察杀手》而备受谴责时，列文把它描绘成是街头文化的合法表达方式，说它应该有自己的宣泄途径。【真题例句】 From car dealerships to Gap outlets (③), sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending.[2004年阅读3] 【例句精译】由于购物者节约他们的支出,从汽车代理商到Gap名牌零售折扣店,数月以来销售一直滞缓。

63、panel [5pAnl] n.①面，板；②控制板，仪表盘；③专门小组【真题例句】 They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel (②) by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment.[2002年阅读2] 【例句精译】他们建造的机器人在严格控制的工厂环境里，能够在仪表盘上识别毫米以下的误差。【真题例句】 The panel (③) then informally accepted several general conclusions, although some details have not been settled.[1999年阅读4] 【例句精译】随后，该小组非正式地接受了几条一般的结论，尽管有些细节尚无定论。

64、partial [5pB:FEl] a.①部分的，不完全的；②偏袒的，不公平的【真题例句】 In this search the evidence found is always incomplete and scattered, it is also frequently partial (①) or partisan.[1999年翻译] 【例句精译】这样的研究中所发现的证据总是不完整的，通常也会带来片面性，还会出现帮派之争。【真题例句】 53. The author deems that the well-known TV personality is _____.[1995年阅读1] [D] obviously partial (②) in his views on advertising 【例句精译】 53、作者认为：那位著名的电视人物_____。 [D] 对广告的评价有明显的偏见

65、passage [5pAsidV] n.①段落，节；②通过，经过；③通路，走廊【真题例句】 The hot spots and their volcanic trails are milestones that mark the passage (②) of the plates.[1998年阅读5] 【例句精译】热点及其火山痕迹是板块移动的标志。

66、pattern [5pAtEn] n.①模式，式样；②图案，图样；v.仿制，模仿【真题例句】 And, of course, speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns (n.①).[1997年阅读2] 【例句精译】当然，会讲一种语言并不意味着就理解该语言的社会和文化内涵。【真题例句】 Implicit within Tylor’s definition is the concept that culture is learned, shared, and patterned (v.) behavior.[2003年翻译] 【例句精译】泰勒的文化定义蕴含着这一概念，即文化是后天习得的，人类共有的，被模仿的行为。

67、pepper [5pepE] n.①胡椒粉，胡椒；②辣椒；vt.连续投（发问等）【真题例句】 Although no such evidence was preserved, the casino’s marketing department continued to pepper (vt.) him with mailings. And he entered the casino ad used his Fun Card without being detected.[2006年新题型] 【例句精译】虽然并没有证据，但是娱乐场的市场部门继续向他提供邮件。他进入娱乐场并使用他的卡片，并且没有人发觉。

68、perfect [5pE:fikt] a.①完善的，无瑕的；②完全的，十足的；v.使完美，改进【真题例句】 Such characteristics make them perfect (①) candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de Waal’s study.[2005年阅读1] 【例句精译】因为这些特点，它们（猴子）成为了Brosnan和de Waal博士的最佳研究“侯选人”。【真题例句】 However, there are still no forecasts for when faster-than-light travel will be available, or when human cloning will be perfected, or when time travel will be possible.[2001年翻译] 【例句精译】然而，对地何时能够进行超光速旅行，何时人类克隆技术能够完善，何时时间旅行成为可能，仍未作出预测。

69、perspective [pE5spektiv] n.①视角；②透视法；③（in ～）正确地【真题例句】 (63) The emphasis on data gathered first-hand, combined with a cross-cultural perspective (①) brought to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science.[2003年翻译] 【例句精译】 (63) 强调收集第一手资料，加上在分析过去和现在文化形态时采用跨文化视角，使得这一研究成为一门独特并且非常重要的社会科学。【真题例句】 Not everyone sees that process in (28：perspective) (③) .It is important to do so.[2002年完形] 【例句精译】并不是所有人都能正确看待这一进程，虽然了解这一点非常重要。

70、reason [5ri:zn] n.①理由，原因；②理性，理智；v.①推论，推理；②说服，评理；③讨论，辩论【真题例句】 That’s one reason (n.①) why the idea of a national list hasn’t gone anywhere, while drug costs keep rising fast.[2005年新题型] 【例句精译】这就是为什么全国性药品名录还未出台的原因，也是药品价格居高不下的原因。【真题例句】 And so it does — and all would be well were reason (n.②) the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.[1996年阅读5] 【例句精译】的确如此——如果理性是创世纪论和进化论之争的惟一标准，一切问题也就迎刃而解了。【真题例句】 He reasoned (v.①) that because it is easier to formulate certain concepts and not others in a given language, the speakers of that language think along one track and not along another.[2004年翻译] 【例句精译】他归因到：因为人们很容易用某一特定的语言形成一些不容混淆的概念，语言的使用者往往会沿着同一条轨迹思考问题。

71、Review [ri5vju:] v.回顾，复习；n.①回顾，复习；②评论【真题例句】 Practice (or review) (n.①) tends to build and maintain memory for a task or for any learned material.[1995年阅读

72、rocket [5rCkit] n.火箭；v.剧增【真题例句】 The reason, of course, is that costs have rocketed (v.) and ticket prices have stayed low.[2006年阅读2] 【例句精译】原因当然是虽然成本急剧上升，但票价仍维持在低水平。

73、school [sku:l] n.①学校；②（大学里的）学院，系；③学派，流派【真题例句】 It should be observed, of course, that no school (①), vocational or not, is helped by a confusion over its purpose.[1999年阅读3] 【例句精译】当然应该看到的是，不管是职业学校、还是普通学校，混淆计算机教学的目的，都不会受益。【真题例句】 And William Sahlman of the Harvard Business School (②) believes that people will look back on this period as “a golden age of business management in the United States.”[2000年阅读1] 【例句精译】哈佛商学院的威廉•萨尔曼相信人们将来回顾这一时期时，会把它视为“美国企业管理的黄金时代”。【真题例句】 According to the new school (③) of scientists, technology is an overlooked force in expanding the horizons of scientific knowledge.[1994年翻译] 【例句精译】新学派科学家们认为，在拓展科学知识的范围方面技术是被忽视的力量。

74、score [skC:] n.①得分，分数；②二十；v.得（分），记（……的）分数【真题例句】 Anyone who keeps careful score (n.①) knows that the information available is always incomplete and that the predictions are always subject to error. Standardized tests should be considered in this context.[1995年翻译] 【例句精译】任何仔细记分的人都知道，所得到的信息总是不完全的，而且，这些预测总是会有错误的。应该根据这种观点去考察标准化考试。【真题例句】 Innovation is like soccer; even the best players miss the goal and have their shots blocked much more frequently than they score (v.).[1994年阅读5] 【例句精译】创新就像踢足球，即使是最出色的球员也会痛失进球机会，其射门被挡出的机会大大多于进球的机会。

75、select [si5lekt] v.选择，挑选；a.精选的，第一流的【真题例句】 It does not push or pull, it selects (v.), and this function is difficult to discover and analyze.[2002年翻译] 【例句精译】环境并不具备推动或拉动的作用；它具有选择的作用，而这一作用难以发现也很难对其进行分析。【真题例句】 In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons media select (a.) committee, Lord Irvine said he (37：agreed) with a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not (38：offer) sufficient control.[2001年完形] 【例句精译】在写给众议院新闻媒体特别委员会Gerald Kaufman主席的信中，Irvine勋爵说，他赞同委员会今年的报告，该报告称，对自我约束并未予以足够的监控。

76、shape [Feip] n.①形状，外形；②情况，状态；③种类；v.成型，塑造【真题例句】 (63) The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping (v.) and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied.[2002年翻译] 【例句精译】 (63) 自然选择在进化中的作用仅在一百多年前才得以阐明，而环境在塑造和保持个体行为时的选择作用则刚刚开始被认识和研究。

77、sound [saund] n.声音，声响；v.①发声，响；②听起来；a.①健全的，完好的；②正当的，有根据的；③彻底的，充分的【真题例句】 Instead of describing sounds (n.) we must make up words that imitate them; we must use many sizes of type and different colored inks on the same page, and shorten or lengthen words at will.[2000年阅读3] 【例句精译】我们必须造出词语去模仿声音，而不应对其进行描述；我们必须在同一张纸上使用不同型号和不同颜色的墨水，任 5] 【例句精译】实践（或称复习）就是建立并保持对某一任务或所学材料的记忆。【真题例句】 However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be (27：wise) to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, (28：for example), publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews (n.②), (29：displaying) student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs.[2003年完形] 【例句精译】然而，青少年的生活已经充满竞争，所以为他们安排赢家多于输家的各种活动是明智的。例如，出版由学生自己编写书评的新闻小册子，展出学生的艺术品和赞助成立读书俱乐部等等。

78、spell [spel] v.①拼写；②导致，招致；n.一段时间【真题例句】 But the cult of the authentic and the personal, “doing our own thing,” has spelt (v.②) the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music.[2005年阅读4] 【例句精译】然而，“做我们自己的事”——这一对事物真实性和个性的崇拜信条，已经给正式的演讲、写作、诗歌和音乐画上了句号。【真题例句】 Despite a spell (n.) of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010, researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.[2002年阅读2] 【例句精译】虽然一开始在20世纪60年代和70年代有过一段乐观的时期——那时候仿佛晶体管电路和微处理器的发展将使它们在2010年能够模仿人类大脑的活动——但是最近研究人员已经开始将这个预测延后数十年，甚至数百年。

79、story 、storey[5stC:ri] n.①描述；②故事；③报道；④谎话；⑤楼层【真题例句】 If one wanted to become a computer engineer, that is, of course, an entirely different story (②).[1999年阅读3] 【例句精译】当然如果想成为一名计算机工程师，事情就完全不同了。【真题例句】 In other words, there is a conventional story (③) line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news.[2001年阅读3] 【例句精译】换言之，在媒介机构的新闻采编室文化中存在着一套约定俗成的写作模式，为纷繁复杂的新闻报道提供了一个中心思路和现成的故事编写框架。

80、stress [stres] n.①压力，应力；②重音；v.强调，着重【真题例句】 We must speed up our literature too, if we want to interpret modern stress (n.①).[2000年阅读3] 【例句精译】如果我们想诠释现代生活的压力，就必须加快文学发展的步伐。【真题例句】 While often praised by foreigners for its emphasis on the basics, Japanese education tends to stress (v.) test taking and mechanical learning over creativity and self-expression.[2000年阅读4] 【例句精译】虽然日本的教育因强调基础知识而经常受到外国人的赞扬，但是它往往强调考试和机械学习，而不重视创造性和自我表现。

81、suit [sju:t] v.①合适，适合；②相配，适应；n.①一套西服；②诉讼【真题例句】 The earliest forms of art, like painting and music, are those best suited (①) for expressing joy.[2006年阅读4] 【例句精译】最早的艺术形式，如绘画和音乐，是最适于表达快乐的。【真题例句】 David Williamds’s suit (①) should trouble this gambling nation. But don’t bet on it.[2006年新题型] 【例句精译】大卫威廉姆斯的起诉或许会在这个赌博民族中引发一些问题，但是也并不能确信。【真题例句】 Nevertheless Williams’s suit (②) charged that the casino, knowing he was “helplessly addicted to gambling” intentionally worked to “lure” him to “engage in conduct against his will” well.[2006年新题型] 【例句精译】然而威廉姆斯还是控告娱乐场，明知道他“不可救药地赌博上瘾”还故意“诱惑”他“违背他自己的意愿参加赌博”。

82、target [5tB:git] n.目标，对象，靶子；vt.以……为目标【真题例句】 That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target (n.) species is about 50% of its original levels.[2006年阅读3] 【例句精译】这十分重要，因为理论表明在目标鱼类单位数量是原始水平的大约50%的时候，才能保证渔场可收获的最大可持意缩短或加长词语。【真题例句】 It sounds (v.②) like a useful, ground-clearing way to start.[1997年翻译] 【例句精译】这听起来像是一个有效的明显开始做事的方式。【真题例句】 If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound (a.①).[2005年阅读2] 【例句精译】假如我们要保护我们的大气层，关键一点是：新建的电厂必须是环保安全型的。

83spectacle [5spektEkl] n.①[pl.]眼镜；②场面，景观；③奇观，壮观【真题例句】 Instead, we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles (②), which now more than ever seem in ample supply:...[2000年阅读5] 【例句精译】相反我们目睹了比以前任何时候都多的虚伪景观；续产出量。【真题例句】 In the past year, however, software companies have developed tools that allow companies to “push” information directly out to consumers, transmitting marketing messages directly to targeted (vt.) customers.[1999年阅读2] 【例句精译】然而，在去年，软件公司开发出新的技术使得商家可以把产品信息推到消费者的计算机屏幕上。

84、thumb [WQm] n.拇指；v.（～ through）翻阅【真题例句】 It has long been known that a taxi firm called AAAA cars has a big advantage over Zodiac cars when customers thumb (v.) through their phone directories.Less well known is the advantage that Adam Abbott has in life over Zoë Zysman.[2004年阅读2] 【例句精译】人们早已知道在客户翻查电话簿时，名叫AAAA的出租汽车公司要比Zodiac出租汽车公司有很大的优越性。至于在生活方面Adam Abbott较之Zoë Zysman的优越性就不那么为人所知了。