森林资源清查资料论文：金沟岭林场森林地上生物量时空动态分析与预测

森林资源清查资料论文：金沟岭林场森林地上生物量时空动态分析与预测

【中文摘要】森林生态系统是陆地生态系统的主体,在维护全球碳平衡和缓解全球气候变暖中发挥着巨大作用。森林生物量是评价碳循环贡献的基础,研究其分布规律和动态变化对了解全球碳平衡有着重要意义。本研究区域金沟岭林场位于我国森林碳储备高密度区的东北地区,其森林生物量及碳动态变化带有着多方面的生态效益,需要得到更为细致的研究。本文利用1987年、1997年和2007年三期金沟岭林场二类调查数据,结合已有的森林生物量模型,借助于地理信息系统技术分析金沟岭林场20年间森林地上生物量时空变化,并预测未来10年森林地上生物量消长趋势。最后通过GIS二次开发方式,完成生物量时空动态分析系统。1987年、1997年、2007年金沟岭林场森林地上生物量依次为1365484.43t、1552527.21t,1614042.32t,生物量密度分别为86.20 t/ hm2、97.31 t/ hm2、100.59 t/ hm2。针阔混交林、针叶混交林、阔叶混交林和落叶松林四种森林类型与其它森林类型(总计)的储存生物量比例分别约为5:2:1:1:1;20年间,冷杉林、落叶松、针阔混交林、针叶混交林在各时期生物量比重呈下降趋势,其它森林类型主要为阔叶林分和珍贵树种林分如红松林和云杉林呈上升趋势;三期数据的天然林与人工林储存生物量比例都约为9:1。天然林生物量增长趋势逐渐降低,而人工林的生物量增长趋势逐渐增长;20年间,中龄林比重偏多,成、过熟林比重较小的林龄结构不合理现象随时间正逐渐改善;三期数据都表现为一般用材林储存生物量比重最大,随时间比重降低,其它林种类型比例都不同程度增加。生物量空间分布特征为:三个时期生物量密度级为0-50t/ hm2和200-400 t/ hm2的小班地理位置呈现规律性分布。生物量密度级在100-150 t/ hm2,150-200 t/ hm2的小班呈无规则分散在全场区域。金沟岭林场森林的地上总生物量曲线随海拔级的递增,呈先增加后减少的趋势,并都在701-850m处产生生物量高峰。各个坡向的生物量分布差异不悬殊。不同坡度级森林地上生物量排列为缓坡>斜坡>平坡>陡坡。经验证,灰色预测方法和马尔可夫链预测方法分别适用于不同森林类型的生物量密度和占地面积的预测。结论得出,2017年金沟岭地区森林面积总计为16065.79 hm2,地上生物量为1699981.54t,生物量密度为105.81 t/ hm2。

【英文摘要】Forest ecosystem is the main body of terrestrial ecosystem and exerts huge effect in maintaining global carbon balance and mitigating global warming. Forest biomass is the base of evaluating carbon cycling contribution, so studying its regularity of distribution and dynamic change has a significant meaning for us to understand global carbon balance. Jingouling forest farm is located in Northeast China which ranks among top ones of the list of Chinese carbon density storage areas. The change of forest biomass carbon in this place brings many aspects of ecosystem benefits and needs a deeper study. The inventory data of 1987,1997 and 2007 , combined with forest biomass models and GIS was used to analyze the biomass of the temporal and spatial change in Jingouling farm. Finally the biomass temporal and spatial system was developed with GIS secondary development.Forest biomass storage in Jingouling forest farm of 1987,1997,2007 are respectively 1365484.43t,1552527.21t,1614042.32t.Biomass density are respectively 86.20 t/ hm2,97.31 t/ hm2,100.59 t/ hm2.The ratio of mixed broadleaf-conifer forest, conifer mixed forest, broadleaf mixed forest, Larch forest , other forest types is 5:2:1:1:1.As the time goes on ,the ratio of biomass of Abies nephrolepis forest, Larch forest, mixed broadleaf-conifer forest, conifer mixed forest are decreasing, instead broadleaf mixed forest and other precious tree species such as Pinus koraiensis forest , Picea jazoensis forest are increasing. The ratio of biomass of nature forest to biomass of plantation in last 20 years is 9:1. The trend of biomass growth rate in nature forest is decreasing, instead that plantation has an increasing biomass growth trend as the time moves on. The undesirable phenomenon of the proportion of age structure that the proportion of half-mature forest is larger than mature forest is better as time goes on. Commercial forest is a forest type which has the biggest biomass proportion in all kinds of forest categories and it becomes smaller as the time goes on and the biomass proportions of other forest categories are increasing. Unlike the distribution of biomass density at 100-150 t/ hm2 and 150-200 t/ hm2 ,the distribution of biomass density at 0-50t/ hm2 and 200-400 t/ hm2 shows a regulation show a certain regularity. The aboveground biomass is increasing as the increase of altitude until which reaches 701-850m, where owns the biggest biomass value, after different slope aspect is not so far different from each other. The biomass value of each slope gradient is arranged from high to low : slight slope, ramp, flat slope, abrupt slope .Through test, Grey system prediction and Markov prediction model are respectively suitable for biomass density prediction of different forest type and area prediction. Forest area, above ground biomass, biomass density of Jingouling forest farm are respectively 16065.79 hm2, 1699981.54t, 105.81 t/ hm2.

【关键词】森林资源清查资料 森林地上生物量 时空动态变化 生物量预测 生物量时空动态分析系统

【英文关键词】Forest inventory data Forest aboveground biomass Spatial and temporal change Biomass prediction Biomass temporal and spatial analysis system

【目录】金沟岭林场森林地上生物量时空动态分析与预测摘要5-7Abstract7-8第一章 绪论15-261.1 引言15-161.2 国内外研究现状及发展趋势16-241.2.1 森林生物量计量方法和估算16-191.2.2 森林生物量时空动态研究进展19-211.2.3 森林生物量趋势预测研究进展21-241.4 主要研究内容及预期结果241.4.1 主要研究内容241.4.2 预期结果241.5 技术路线24-26第二章 研究区域概况及研究方法26-312.1 研究区概况26-282.1.1 地理位置262.1.2 地形地势262.1.3 气候262.1.4 土壤262.1.5 土地资源类别26-272.1.6 主要森林类型27-282.2 数据概况282.2.1 数据来源282.2.2 数据预处理282.3 研究方法28-31第三章 地上生物量时空动态分析研究31-583.1 20 年间森林生物量动态变化31-323.2 不同森林类型的生物量动态32-363.3 不同林分起源的生物量动态36-423.4 不同龄级的生物量变化42-463.5 不同林种的生物量变化46-483.6 生物量空间分异特征48-523.6.1 生物量密度水平分布特征48-503.6.2 垂直分布特征50-523.7 不同坡向的生物量分析52-543.8 不同坡度级的生物量分析54-563.9 小结56-58第四章 森林生物量变化趋势预测研究58-814.1 生物量密度预测59-654.1.1 GM (1, 1)灰色模型的基本原理及建模步骤59-614.1.2 生物量密度预测模型的建立及检验61-654.2 面积预测65-794.2.1 马尔柯夫模型原理和检验65-674.2.2 马尔柯夫预测模型建立67-794.3 小结79-81第五章 生物量时空动态分析系统81-935.1 功能模块设计步骤825.2 生物量时空动态分析系统实现82-915.2.1 “文件”模块82-845.2.2 “查询与统计”模块84-855.2.3 “小班生物量计算”模块85-865.2.4 “生物量时空统计”模块86-915.2.5 “专题图”模块915.3 小结91-93第六章 结论与讨论93-976.1 结论93-946.2 讨论94-966.3 展望96-97参考文献97-104在读期间的学术研究104-105致谢105

本文来源：https://www.2haoxitong.net/k/doc/dc78f6084a7302768e993991.html