DIRECTIVE 2002/95/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL
of 27 January 2003
欧盟议会和欧盟理事会 2003 年 1 月 27 日第 2002/95/EC 号
on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment
关于在电气电子设备中限制使用某些有害物质指令
THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND THE COUNCIL OF THE
EUROPEAN UNION,
欧洲议会和欧盟理事会，
Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, and in particular Article 95 thereof,
注意到成立欧洲共同体的条约，特别是其中第 95 条，
Having regard to the proposal from the Commission (1),
注意到欧盟委员会的建议，
Having regard to the opinion of the Economic and Social Committee (2),
注意到欧盟经济与社会委员会的意见，
Having regard to the opinion of the Committee of Regions (3),
注意到欧盟地区委员会的意见，
Acting in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 251 of the Treaty in the light of the joint text approved by the
Conciliation Committee on 8 November 2002 (4),
按照欧洲共同体条约 第 251 条所规制的程序行事并根据协调委员会于 2002 年 11 月 8日通过的联合文本，
Whereas:
鉴于：
(1) The disparities between the laws or administrative measures adopted by the Member States as regards the restriction
of the use of hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment could create barriers to trade and distort
competition in the Community and may thereby have a direct impact on the establishment and functioning of the
internal market. It therefore appears necessary to approximate the laws of the Member States in this field and to
contribute to the protection of human health and the environmentally sound recovery and disposal of waste electrical
and electronic equipment.
（1）各成员国为限制在电子电气设备中使用有害物质而制订的法规或行政措施之间存在的差异能产生贸
易壁垒和扭曲共同体内的竞争，甚至对单一市场的建立及其功能产生直接影响。因此有必要协调成员国
在此领域的法规，以利于保护人类健康和报废电子电气设备合乎环境要求的回收和处理。
(2) The European Council at its meeting in Nice on 7, 8 and 9 December 2000 endorsed the Council Resolution of
4 December 2000 on the precautionary principle.
（2）欧盟理事会于 2000 年 12 月 7～9 日在尼斯召开的会议上批准了部长理事会于 2000年 12 月
4 日就预防原则通过的决定。
(3) The Commission Communication of 30 July 1996 on the review of the Community strategy for waste
management stresses the need to reduce the content of hazardous substances in waste and points out the potential
benefits of Community-wide rules limiting the presence of such substances in products and in production processes.
（3）欧盟委员会 1996 年 7 月 30 日回顾共同体废弃物管理战略的通讯强调了减少废物中有害物质
含量的必要并指出制定在产品和加工过程中限制使用这些有害物质的欧共体法规的潜在益处。
(4) The Council Resolution of 25 January 1988 on a Community action programme to combat environmental
pollution by cadmium (5) invites the Commission to pursue without delay the development of specific measures
for such a programme. Human health also has to be protected and an overall strategy that in particular restricts
the use of cadmium and stimulates research into substitutes should therefore be implemented. The Resolution
stresses that the use of cadmium should be limited to cases where suitable and safer alternatives do not exist.
（4）理事会 1988 年 1 月 25 日为消除镉的环境污染的欧共体行动计划的决定要求欧盟委员会刻
不容缓地发展该计划中的特殊措施。人类健康也必须得到保护，因此应实施一个特别限制镉的使用
及加快研究其替代品的整体战略。决定强调在不存在适当的和更安全的选择的情况下应限制镉的使用。
(5) The available evidence indicates that measures on the collection, treatment, recycling and disposal of waste
electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) as set out in Directive 2002/96/EC of 27 January 2003 of the European
Parliament and of the Council on waste electrical and electronic equipment (6) are necessary to reduce the waste
management problems linked to the heavy metals concerned and the flame retardants concerned. In spite of those
measures, however, significant parts of WEEE will continue to be found in the current disposal routes. Even if
WEEE were collected separately and submitted to recycling processes, its content of mercury, cadmium, lead,
chromium VI, PBB and PBDE would be likely to pose risks to health or the environment.
（5）证据表明，欧盟理事会和欧洲议会 2003 年 1 月 27 日关于报废电子电气设备的第2002/96/EC
号指令规定的报废电子电气设备的收集、处理、回收和处置措施对于减少与涉及的重金属和阻燃剂相
关的废物管理问题很必要。然而，尽管有那些措施，但在目前的废物处理中仍将继续发现报废电子电
气设备的实质部分。即使报废电子电气设备被分类收集并遵守回收程序，但汞、镉、铅、六价铬、
聚溴联苯（PBB）、聚溴二苯醚（PBDE）的成分仍有可能对人类健康和环境形成危险。
(6) Taking into account technical and economic feasibility, the most effective way of ensuring the significant
reduction of risks to health and the environment relating to those substances which can achieve the chosen level
of protection in the Community is the substitution of those substances in electrical and electronic equipment by
safe or safer materials. Restricting the use of these hazardous substances is likely to enhance the possibilities
and economic profitability of recycling of WEEE and decrease the negative health impact on workers in recycling
plants.
（6）考虑到技术和经济的可行性，确保显著减少这些物质对健康和环境形成的危险的最有效的、
且在共同体内可实现所选择保护水平的方式是在电子电气设备中以安全或更安全的物质替代它们。
限制这些有害物质的使用也就是提高报废电子电气设备回收的可能性和经济利益并减少它们对回
收工厂工人健康所造成的负面影响。
(7) The substances covered by this Directive are scientifically well researched and evaluated and have been
subject to different measures both at Community and at national level.
（7）要科学研究与评估本指令管辖的物质，它们已在欧共体和成员国层面受到不同措施的管理。
(8) The measures provided for in this Directive take into account existing international guidelines and
recommendations and are based on an assessment of available scientific and technical information. The measures
are necessary to achieve the chosen level of protection of human and animal health and the environment, having
regard to the risks which the absence of measures would be likely to create in the Community. The measures
should be kept under review and, if necessary, adjusted to take account of available technical and scientific
information.
（8）本指令规定的措施考虑了现有的国际准则和建议并基于对可获得的科学和技术信息的评估。
由于缺乏措施可能在共同体内产生危险，所以这些措施对实现所选择的对人类和动物健康及环境
的保护水平是必要的。应及时检查这些措施，必要时，考虑了获得的科技信息后可进行调整。
(9) This Directive should apply without prejudice to Community legislation on safety and health requirements
and specific Community waste management legislation, in particular Council Directive 91/157/EEC of 18 March 1991 on batteries and accumulators containing certain dangerous substances (1).
（9）本指令的实施不影响共同体在安全和卫生要求方面的立法以及共同体关于废物管理的特殊
立法，特别是 1991 年 3 月 18 日理事会关于含有某些危险物质的电池和蓄电池的
第 91/157/EEC 号指令。
(10) The technical development of electrical and electronic equipment without heavy metals, PBDE and PBB
should be taken into account. As soon as scientific evidence is available and taking into account the precautionary
principle, the prohibition of other hazardous substances and their substitution by more environmentally friendly
alternatives which ensure at least the same level of protection of consumers should be examined.
（10）应考虑不含有重金属、聚溴二苯醚（PBDE）和聚溴联苯（PBB）的电子电气设备的技术发展。
一旦获得了科学证据和考虑了预防原则，应检查是否可禁止其它有害物质的使用并以更加合乎环境
要求的、确保对消费者的保护不低于相同水平的替代品来替代它们。
(11) Exemptions from the substitution requirement should be permitted if substitution is not possible from the
scientific and technical point of view or if the negative environmental or health impacts caused by substitution
are likely to outweigh the human and environmental benefits of the substitution. Substitution of the hazardous
substances in electrical and electronic equipment should also be carried out in a way so as to be compatible with
the health and safety of users of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE).
（11）如果从科技角度来看，不可能有替代品，或者替代品对环境和健康所造成的负面影响大于其
对环境和健康带来的益处，那么可免除执行替代品的要求。开发电子电气设备中有害物质替代品的
工作仍要继续进行，以使它们符合电子电气设备使用者的健康与安全需要。
(12) As product reuse, refurbishment and extension of life-time are beneficial, spare parts need to be available.
（12）因为产品的再利用、翻新和延长使用期是有益的，所以需要提供必要的零件。
(13) The adaptation to scientific and technical progress of the exemptions from the requirements concerning
phasing out and prohibition of hazardous substances should be effected by the Commission under a committee
procedure.
（13）与逐步停止使用和禁止使用有害物质的要求免除相关的科技进步的修改应由欧盟委员会按
照委员会程序实现。
(14) The measures necessary for the implementation of this Directive should be adopted in accordance with
Council Decision 1999/468/EC of 28 June 1999 laying down the procedures for the exercise of implementing
powers conferred on the Commission (2),
（14）实施本指令所必要的措施应根据理事会 1999 年 6 月 28 日的 1999/468/EC号决议规定的、
实施授权给欧委会的权力的程序来采纳。
HAVE ADOPTED THIS DIRECTIVE:
兹通过本指令：
Article 1
Objectives
The purpose of this Directive is to approximate the laws of the Member States on the restrictions of the use of
hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment and to contribute to the protection of human health
and the environmentally sound recovery and disposal of waste electrical and electronic equipment.
第 1 条
目标
本指令的目标是使各成员国关于在电子电气设备中限制使用有害物质的法律趋于一致，有助于保护人类
健康和报废电子电气设备合乎环境要求的回收和处理。
Article 2
Scope
1. Without prejudice to Article 6, this Directive shall apply to electrical and electronic equipment falling under
the categories 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 10 set out in Annex IA to Directive No 2002/96/EC (WEEE) and to electric
light bulbs, and luminaires in households.
2. This Directive shall apply without prejudice to Community legislation on safety and health requirements and
specific Community waste management legislation.
3. This Directive does not apply to spare parts for the repair, or to the reuse, of electrical and electronic equipment
4. put on the market before 1 July 2006.
第 2 条
范围
1．在不违反第 6 条的情况下，本指令应适用于提令第 2002/96/EC 号指令（WEEE）附录ⅠA 规定的
1、2、3、4、5、6、7 和 10 类电子电气设备，以及家用电灯泡和照明设施。
2．本指令的实施不应违背共同体关于安全和健康要求的立法和共同体关于废物管理的专门立法。
3．本指令对 2006 年 7 月 1 日前投放市场的电子电气设备的部件、修理部件或再利用部件不适用。
Article 3
Definitions
For the purposes of this Directive, the following definitions shall apply:
(a) ‘electrical and electronic equipment’ or ‘EEE’ means equipment which is dependent on electric currents or
electro-magnetic fields in order to work properly and equipment for the generation, transfer and measurement
of such currents and fields falling under the categories set out in Annex IA to Directive 2002/96/EC (WEEE)
and designed for use with a voltage rating not exceeding 1 000 volts for alternating current and 1 500 volts for
direct current;
(b) ‘producer’ means any person who, irrespective of the selling technique used, including by means of distance
communication according to Directive 97/7/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 May 1997
on the protection of consumers in respect of distance contracts (3):
(i) manufactures and sells electrical and electronic equipment under his own brand;
(ii) resells under his own brand equipment produced by
other suppliers, a reseller not being regarded as the
‘producer’ if the brand of the producer appears on the
equipment, as provided for in subpoint (i); or
(iii) imports or exports electrical and electronic equipment
on a professional basis into a Member State.
Whoever exclusively provides financing under or pursuant to any finance agreement shall not be deemed
a ‘producer’
unless he also acts as a producer within the meaning of subpoints (i) to (iii).
第 3 条
定义
就本指令而言，适用下述定义：
（a）“电子电气设备”或“EEE”指为正常运行而依赖于电流或电磁场工作的设备和
指令 2002／96／EC（WEEE）附件ⅠA 中列出的能产生、传输和测量电流和电磁场的设备，且这些设
备的设计电压是交流电不超过 1000 伏特，直流电不超过 1500 伏特；
（b）“生产者”指任何人，他们不管所采用的销售技术，根据欧洲议会和理事会 1997年 5 月 20 日
关于保护远程合同中消费者的第 1997/7/EC 号指令包括程通讯：
（i）用自己品牌生产并销售电子电气设备；
（ii）以自己品牌再销售由其它供应商提供的设备，如果再销售的设备上仍保留原生产者的品牌，
这样的再销售者不能视作为上述（i）副点的生产者；或
（iii）专业从事向成员国进口或出口电子电气设备。仅仅是按照某种金融协议提供资金者不能
被视为 “生产者”，除非他符合上述（i）至（iii）副点作为生产者行事。
Article 4
Prevention
1. Member States shall ensure that, from 1 July 2006, new electrical and electronic equipment put on the
2. market does not contain lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) or polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE). National measures restricting or prohibiting the use of these
3. substances in electrical and electronic equipment which were adopted in line with Community legislation
4. before the adoption of this Directive may be maintained until 1 July 2006.
2. Paragraph 1 shall not apply to the applications listed in the Annex.
3. On the basis of a proposal from the Commission, the European Parliament and the Council shall decide,
as soon as scientific evidence is available, and in accordance with the principles on chemicals policy as laid
down in the Sixth Community Environment Action Programme, on the prohibition of other hazardous substances
and the substitution thereof by more environment-friendly alternatives which ensure at least the same level of
protection for consumers.
第 4 条
防止
1．成员国将确保，从 2006 年 7 月 1 日起，投放于市场的新电子和电气设备不包含铅，汞，镉，
六价铬，聚溴二苯醚（PBDE）或聚溴联苯（PBB）。成员国在本指令通过前根据共同体法规制定的
限制或禁止在电子电气设备中使用这些物质的措施可以维持至 2006 年 7月 1 日。
2．条款 1 将不适用于附件中所列举的应用。
3．基于欧委会的建议，一旦可获得科学证据，欧洲议会和理事应根据《第六个共同体环境行动计划》
中规定的化学政策原则决定其它有害物质的禁用以及选择确保对消费者保护水平至少相同的更加合乎
环境要求的产品作为其替代品。
Article 5
Adaptation to scientific and technical progress
1. Any amendments which are necessary in order to adapt the Annex to scientific and technical progress
for the following purposes shall be adopted in accordance with the procedure referred to in Article 7(2):
(a) establishing, as necessary, maximum concentration values up to which the presence of the substances
referred to in Article 4(1) in specific materials and components of electrical and electronic equipment
shall be tolerated;
(b) exempting materials and components of electrical and electronic equipment from Article 4(1) if their
elimination or substitution via design changes or materials and components which do not require any of
the materials or substances referred to therein is technically or scientifically impracticable, or where the
negative environmental, health and/or consumer safety impacts caused by substitution are likely to
outweigh the environmental, health and/or consumer safety benefits thereof;
(c) carrying out a review of each exemption in the Annex at least every four years or four years after an
item is added to the list with the aim of considering deletion of materials and components of electrical
and electronic equipment from the Annex if their elimination or substitution via design changes or
materials and components which do not require any of the materials or substances referred to in
Article 4(1) is technically or scientifically possible, provided that the negative environmental,
health and/or consumer safety impacts caused by substitution do not outweigh the possible environmental,
health and/or consumer safety benefits thereof.
2. Before the Annex is amended pursuant to paragraph 1, the Commission shall inter alia consult producers of
Electrical and electronic equipment, recyclers, treatment operators, environmental organisations and employee
and consumer associations. Comments shall be forwarded to the Committee referred to in Article 7(1). The
Commission shall provide an account of the information it receives.
第 5 条
适应科学和技术进步
1．为下列目的，旨在使附件适应科技进步的必要修改，应根据条款 7(2)提及的程序而进行：
（a）必要时，可建立允许在电子电气设备的特殊物质和部件中含有条款 4（1）所提及物质的最高值；
（b）电子电气设备的材料和组件可背离第 4 款（1）的规定，如果它们的去除或通过设计改变而使用
替代品或使用不含有提及的材料或物质的材料或组件在科技上中不现实时，或替代品对环境、健康和/或
消费者安全造成的负面影响好象超过它们对环境、健康和/或消费者安全造成的益处时；
（c）至少每隔四年对附件进行一次检查，或者在将一项加入到附件后四年对附件进行检查，加入新项的
目的是考虑取消附件中的电子电气设备材料和组件，如果它们的去除或通过设计改变而使用替代品或使
用不包括第4（1）款的材料或物质的材料和组件在科技上是可行时，条件是替代品对环境、健康和/或消
费者安全产生的负面影响不可能大于其对环境、健康和/或消费者安全带来的正面利益。
2．附件在遵照条款 1 修改之前，欧盟委员会将专门与电子电器设备生产者、回收者、垃圾处理者、环保
组织和雇员与消费者协会咨询磋商。磋商结果应递交给条款 7（1）提及的委员会。欧盟委员会应考虑其
收到的意见。
Article 6
Review
Before 13 February 2005, the Commission shall review the measures provided for in this Directive to
take into account, as necessary, new scientific evidence.
In particular the Commission shall, by that date, present proposals for including in the scope of this
Directive equipment which falls under categories 8 and 9 set out in Annex IA to Directive 2002/96/EC (WEEE).
The Commission shall also study the need to adapt the list of substances of Article 4(1), on the basis of
scientific facts and taking the precautionary principle into account, and present proposals to the European
Parliament and Council for such adaptations, if appropriate.
Particular attention shall be paid during the review to the impact on the environment and on human health of other
hazardous substances and materials used in electrical and electronic equipment. The Commission shall
examine the feasibility of replacing such substances and materials and shall present proposals to the European Parliament and to the Council in order to extend the scope of Article 4, as appropriate.
第 6 条
检查
在 2005 年 2 月 13 日之前，欧盟委员会应检查本指令规定的措施以便必要时考虑新的科学证据。
特别是，欧盟委员会应在该日期之前提交将第2002／96／EC（WEEE）号指令附件ⅠA所列的第 8 和
第９类的设备纳入本指令范围的建议。
委员会也将根据科学事实并考虑预防原则，研究条款4（1）中物质是否需要调整，适当时，可向欧洲
议会和理事会提出建议。
应当特别注意检查电子电气设备中使用的其它有害物质和材料对环境和人类健康的影响。欧委会将检
查取代这些物质和材料的可行性，并且在适当的时候，就扩大第 4 条的范围向欧洲议会和理事会提交
建议。
Article 7
Committee
1. The Commission shall be assisted by the Committee set up by Article 18 of Council Directive 75/442/EEC (1).
2． Where reference is made to this paragraph, Articles 5 and 7 of Decision 1999/468/EC shall apply, having
regard to Article 8 thereof.
The period provided for in Article 5(6) of Decision 1999/468/ EC shall be set at three months.
3. The Committee shall adopt its rules of procedure.
第 7 条
委员会
1．欧盟委员会将由根据第 75/442/EEC 号 指令第 18 条成立的委员会协助工作。
2．当参考本款时，应适用第 1999/468/EC 号决议第 5 条、第 7 条以及第 8 条。
第 1999/468/EC 号决议第 5 条 6 款规定的期间应被定为 3 个月。
3．委员会将采用其程序规定。
Article 8
Penalties
Member States shall determine penalties applicable to breaches of the national provisions adopted pursuant to
this Directive.
The penalties thus provided for shall be effective, proportionate and dissuasive.
第 8 条
惩罚
成员国应决定对违反根据本指令而制定的成员国规定的行为适当的惩罚。这些规定的惩罚应当有效，
适度并有劝诫性。
Article 9
Transposition
1. Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply
with this Directive before 13 August 2004. They shall immediately inform the Commission thereof.
When Member States adopt those measures, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or be accompanied
by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. The methods of making such a reference shall
be laid down by the Member States.
2. Member States shall communicate to the Commission the text of all laws, regulations and administrative
Provisions adopted in the field covered by this Directive.
第 9 条
过渡
1． 成员国应在 2004 年 8 月 13 日之前使符合本指令所必要的法律、规则和行政规定生效。并将这些立即
通知欧委会。
当成员国制订那些措施时，它们必须包括本指令的参照号或在该国官方出版物上出版时伴以此参考号。标志此参考号的方法由成员国规定。
2．成员国要将本指令范围内制定的所有法律、规则和行政规定的文本通知欧委会。
Article 10
Entry into force
This Directive shall enter into force on the day of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.
第 10 条
生效
本指令自在欧洲共同体《官方公报》上公布之日起生效。
Article 11
Addressees
This Directive is addressed to the Member States.
Done at Brussels, 27 January 2003.
For the European Parliament The President
For the Council The President
P. COX G. DRYS
第 11 条
收受方
本指令将签发至各成员国。
2003 年 1 月 23 日完成于布鲁塞尔
欧洲议会主席
欧盟理事会主席
P. COX G. DRYS
ANNEX
Applications of lead, mercury, cadmium and hexavalent chromium, which are exempted from the
Requirements of Article 4(1)
免除第 4（1）条中所要求的铅、汞、镉和六价铬的应用
1. Mercury in compact fluorescent lamps not exceeding 5 mg per lamp.
2. Mercury in straight fluorescent lamps for general purposes not exceeding:
— halophosphate 10 mg
— triphosphate with normal lifetime 5 mg
— triphosphate with long lifetime 8 mg
3. Mercury in straight fluorescent lamps for special purposes.
4. Mercury in other lamps not specifically mentioned in this Annex.
. 5. Lead in glass of cathode ray tubes, electronic components and fluorescent tubes.
6. Lead as an alloying element in steel containing up to 0,35 % lead by weight, aluminum containing up to 0,4 % lead by weight and as a copper alloy containing up to 4 % lead by weight.
7. — Lead in high melting temperature type solders (i.e. tin-lead solder alloys containing more than 85 % lead),
— lead in solders for servers, storage and storage array systems (exemption granted until 2010),
— lead in solders for network infrastructure equipment for switching, signalling, transmission as well as network management for telecommunication,
— lead in electronic ceramic parts (e.g. piezoelectronic devices).
8. Cadmium plating except for applications banned under Directive 91/338/EEC (1) amending
Directive 76/769/EEC (2) relating to restrictions on the marketing and use of certain dangerous substances
and preparations.
9. Hexavalent chromium as an anti-corrosion of the carbon steel cooling system in absorption refrigerators.
10. Within the procedure referred to in Article 7(2), the Commission shall evaluate the applications for:
— Deca BDE,
— mercury in straight fluorescent lamps for special purposes,
— lead in solders for servers, storage and storage array systems, network infrastructure equipment for switching,
signalling, transmission as well as network management for telecommunications (with a view to setting a specific time limit
for this exemption), and
— light bulbs,
as a matter of priority in order to establish as soon as possible whether these items are to be amended accordingly.
1．小型日光灯中的汞含量不得超过 5 毫克/灯；
2．一般用途的直管日光灯中的汞含量不得超过：
—盐磷酸盐 10 毫克
—正常的三磷酸盐 5 毫克
—长效的三磷酸盐 8 毫克
3．特殊用途的直管日光灯中的汞含量；
4．本附录中未特别提及的其它照明灯中的汞含量；
5．阴极射线管、电子部件和发光管的玻璃内的铅含量；
6．钢中合金元素中的铅含量达 0.35%、铝含量达 0.4%，铜合金中的铅含量达 4%；
7．—高温融化的焊料中的铅（即：锡铅焊料合金中铅含量超过 85%）；
—用于服务器、存储器和存储系统的焊料中的铅（豁免准予至 2010 年）；
— 用于交换、信号和传输，以及电信网络管理的网络基础设施设备中焊料中的铅；
— 电子陶瓷产品中的铅（例如：高压电子装置）；
8．根据修改关于限制特定危险物质和预制品销售和使用的第76/769/EEC 号指令的第91/338/EEC号指令
禁止以外的镉电镀。
9．在吸收式电冰箱中作为碳钢冷却系统防腐剂的六价铬。
10．根据在第 7（2）条中提及的程序，欧盟委员会应评价以下方面的应用：
—台卡二苯醚（Deca BDE）；
— 特殊用途的直管日光灯中的汞；
— 以下用途中所使用的焊料中的铅：服务器、存储器、用于交换和传输的网络基础设
施、电信网络管理设备（旨在设定本指令豁免部分的特定截止时间）；
— 灯泡。
目前重点是尽快决定这些项是否进行相应的修改。
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