大学英语新视野英语听力4

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Uint5
II.BasicListeningPractice
1.Script
W:Whydosomepeoplestayinonejobforlifewhileothersswitchjobsfromtimetotime?
M:Somepeoplewantafixedroutinesothattheydonthavetoadapttotnewcircumstancesoverandoveragain,whileothersthinkvarietyisthespiceoflife.Q:Accordingtothedialog,whydosomepeoplesticktoonejobforlife?
2.Script
M:Kathleen,youvebeenlateforworksomanytimeslatelythatIhavetowarnyouthatanyrepetitionwillresultinyourdismissal.
W:Imsorry.Illtrymybesttogethereearlierinthefuture.PerhapsIcouldworklatertomakeupthetimeIvelost.Q:Whatdoesthewomansay?
3.Script
M:Mr.Brown,mytimeherehasbeenfrustratingforme.Ihaveabetteropportunitywithanotherfirm,andImtakingit.
W:Wewontbesorrytoseeyouleave,Richard.Youvedoneyourbesttomakeeveryonehereasmiserableasyouare.
Q:Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthemansleaving?
4.Script
W:Mr.Armes,IwantedtotellyouinpersonthatattheendofthismonthIllbeleavingthecompany.
M:Well,Sylvia,wearecertainlygoingtomissyouhere,butIwishyouthebestofluck.
Q:Whatdoesthewomanwant?
5.Script
W:Time,Ihatetotellyouthis,butwerecaughtinabudgetcrunch,andwemustlayyouoff.Imsorry.
M:Iunderstand.Iveenjoyedmytimehere,andImconfidentIcanfindsomethingelse.
Q:Whatisthemansresponse?
Keys:1.B2.D3.A4.C5.D

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III.ListeningIn
Task1:HowtoAvoidBankruptcy
Manager:Adam!Haveyouanysuggestionsabouthowwecanavoidbankruptcy?Adam:Downsizingwouldcertainlyreduceouroperatingcosts.Youknow,make
usleanandmean,thewayyouhavetobeintodaysmarket.
Manager:Wheredoyousuggestwestartmakingthesestaffcuts?
Adam:Thelogicalplacetostartwouldbeinadministration.Theyusually
overstaffed.
Manager:Thatsnotgoingtogooververywellwithouremployees.Someofthem
havebeenwiththecompanyforyears.
Adam:Itspainfulprocess,buttheresnochoice.Theylljusthavetogetusedto
theidea.
Manager:Wecangivethemafairlydecentseverancepackagewhentheyrefired.Adam:Iknow.AndIthinkthatifwecomputerizetheoffice,wecouldreduce
officestaffbyabout20percentjustbyeliminatingalotofpaperwork.
Manager:OK.Ifwelayoff20percentoftheadministrativestaff,willthatbeenough
togetthecompanybackonitsfeet?
Adam:Unfortunatelynot.Wellalsoneedtomakesomecutsintheservice
department.
Manager:Howcanwedothatandmaintainthelevelofservicethatweofferour
passengers?
Adam:Well,wellhavetoretraintheservicestaffandstreamlineouroperations,
sowewontneedasmanypeopletorunthingssmoothly.
Manager:Well,thisisserious,butIreallydontthinkwehaveanyotherchoice.If
wekeeplosingmoneylikethis,wellhavetoshuteverythingdown.

1.Whatisthedialogmainlyconcernedwith?
2.Whatdoesthemanmeanbymakeusleanandmean?3.Whatisthedifficultyincuttingtheadministrativestaff?4.Whatwillhappenasaresultoffiringtheadministrators?
5.Whatdoesthemanthinkwillhappenaftertheycut20percentoftheadministrators?
Keys:1B2.D3.A4.C5.C
ForReference
1.Hesuggestsretainingtheservicestaffandstreamingtheiroperations,sotheywontneedasmanypeopletorunthingssmoothly.

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2.Thatisaseriousstep,butshethinkstheyhaventanyotherchoice.Iftheykeeplosingmoney,theywillhavetoshuteverythingdown.
Task2:AHard-nosedBossScript
Mr.Stonewasknownfarandwideasahard-nosedbosswho(S1watchedhisemployeeslikeahawk.Hewasmakingoneofhisregulartoursofthefactory(S2whenhespottedayoungmanleaningagainsta(S3pileofboxesjustoutsidetheforemansoffice.SinceGeorge,theforeman,wasntaround.Stonestoodofftothesideandwatchedtoseejusthowlingtheyoungmenwouldstand(S4arounddoingnothing.
Theyoungmanyawned,scratchedhishead,lookedathiswatch,andsatonthefloor.Aftertenminutesorsoheyawnedagainand(S5leanedbackonthepileofboxes.Stonesteppedfromhis(S6hidingplaceandwalkeduptotheyoungman.You!heyelled,Howmuchdoyoumakeaweek?
Theyoungmanlookedup(S7indifferently.Twohundredandfiftydollars,Hesaid.
(S8Stonerushedintothecashiersoffice,took$250fromthecashbox,andreturned.Takeit,hesaid,andgetout!Dontletmeseeyouaroundhereagain!
Theyoungmantookthecash,putitinhispocket,andleft.(S9Seeingtheyoungmanshowednosignofembarrassment,Stonegotfurious.ThenhewentlookingforGeorge.Whenhefoundhim,Stonewasredwithanger.Thatlazyboyinfrontofyouroffice,Stonesaid,Ijustgavehimaweekspayandfiredhim.Whatsthematterwithyou,lettinghimstandaroundasthoughhehasnothingtodo?Youmeanthekidintheredshirt?Georgeasked.Yes!Thekidintheredshirt!
Georgesaid,(S10Hewaswaitingforthe20dollarsweowehimforlunch.Heworksforthecoffeeshoparoundthecorner.
Task3:Layoffscanbepredicted.
Script
Insomecasescompaniesinformtheiremployeesinadvancethatlayoffsarecoming.Inothercases,theycomewithoutwarning:YouarriveontimeforworkonaFriday,

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butyouaretoldnottocomenextweek.Ouch!
Ineithercase,youmaybeabletosensesomebadsignsinadvance.Maybethecompanyhastriedveryhardtoavoidlayoffs;maybeithasbeenpreparingfortheworstforquitesometime.Ifyouthinkaboutthebadomenscarefully,youmightknowasmuchormorethansomeoftheemployeesinmanagerialpositionswithmanagementresponsibilities.
Forexample,ifyouworkinsales,youmightknowthatquotashavenotbeenmet.Ifyouworkinfieldengineering,youmightnoticefarfewercustomerinstallations.Ifyourcompanyscompetitors,suppliersorcustomersarelayingoffemployees,itslikelyyourcompanywilltoo,especiallyifeconomicconditionsareaffectingyourindustry.CheckthelayoffstatisticsfromtheU.S.BureauofLaborStatistics.SearchtheNetandyourlocalnewspapertooforarticlesconcerninglayoffsinyourindustry.Dothingslikebadsalesalwaysmeanthatlayoffsarecomingtoyourcompany?Notnecessarily.Companieshaveseasonalandeconomicsalesdipsallthetime,andarealwayslookingforwaystoimprovetheirperformance.So,ifyouseeonlyoneortwobadsigns,dontjumptoahastyconclusion.Butifyouseemore,especiallyalongthelinesofearningswarnings,budgetcuts,hiringfreezes,restructuring,andmassivelayoffsinyourindustry,itmightjustbetimetogetyourresumeuptodateandstartlookingforanewjob.Also,itmighteagoodideatocancelyourvacation,implementmoney-savingmeasures,andbecomemoreusefulonyourjob.Youshouldprepareinadvanceifyouthinkyoumightgettheaxesoon.
1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
2.Accordingtothepassage,whencanonesenselayoffsarecoming?3.Whatismentionedasabadsignforthefieldengineeringdepartment?4.Accordingtothepassage,whatdobadsalessignal?
5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasasignforyoutoupdateyourresume?
Keys:1D2.C3.B4.C5A
ForReference
Youmaygetyourresumeuptodateandstartlookingforanewjob.Also,itmighteagoodideatocancelyourvacation,implementmoney-savingmeasures,andbecomemoreusefulonyourjob.

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IV.SpeakingOut
MODEL1We’regoingtomissyou.
Susan:Excuseme,Helen,doyouhaveaminutetotalk?
Helen:Thatquestionalwayscarriessomeweight,Sue.Whatsup?
Susan:Well,uhHeregoesMyuniversitywantsmetogobacktoupdatethe
universitywebsite.
Helen:Sowhat?Youcangobackontheweekend,orintheevening.
Susan:Butitsalargeproject.SoImafraidIhavetoterminatemyworkherebeforemyinternshipisover.IhavetogobacknextThursday.
Helen:Oh?Thisisquiteasurprise,Sue.Imsadthatyoullbeleavingus.Yourun
thisplacewithclockworkefficiency,youknow.Weregoingtomissyou.
Susan:Ihopethisone-weeknoticewillgiveyoutimetohireandtrainareplacement.Helen:Thanksforthenotices,Sue.Assistantslikeyouareoneinamillion.Iguess
wedbetterstartlookingassoonaspossible.
Susan:Withyourapproval,Illputoutnoticetodayandscreentheapplication
myself.
Helen:Thatwouldbegreat.Scheduletheminasyouseefit.Oh,Sue,thingscertainly
wontbethesamewithoutyouaroundhere.
Susan:Thankyouforyourkindwords.Ifyouhaveanyproblem,pleasefeelfreeto
callme.



MODEL2Wehavetoletyougo.Script
Helen:Tom,thereasonIcalledyouintomyofficeisyourwork.Tom:Really?
Helen:Thetruthis..Imnotsatisfiedwithyourjobperformance.Tom:AreyousureIhaventbeendoingagoodjob?
Helen:Tom,youvebeenreprimandedanumberoftimesforbeinglateandforusing
companytimeforpersonalmatters.Whatsmore,youusethecompanyphonetotalkwithyourfriendsforhours.
Tom:IknowIvebeenlateacoupleoftimes;mymotorcyclehasbeenbreaking
down.Imreallysorry.Ipromisetodobetterinthefuture.
Helen:Imafraiditstoolate.Rightnow,yourtardinessistheleastofmyproblems.Tom:Whatdoyoumean?
Helen:Mysecretaryhasproofthatyouhavemisappropriatedcompanyfundson
severaloccasions.Wewontbeprosecuting,butthissimplycantbeallowed.Tom::Ididntstealanymoney!Yoursecretaryislying!

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Helen:Imsorry,wehavetoletyougo.
Tom:Yourefiringme?Youaregivingmemypinkslip?
Helen:Exactly.Imsorryithadtoturnoutthisway.Yourterminationiseffective
immediately.

MODEL3Imtheoneyouvebeenlookingfor.Script
Helen:So,Bill,tellmeaboutyourlastjob.Whatkindsofworkdidyoudo?
Bill:Marketinvestigation,salespromotion,after-saleservices,riskanalysis,
investmentplanningtonamejustafew.
Helen:Whydidyouleave?
Bill:Downsizing.Thecompanywasntperformingefficiently.Itsbeenoperating
ataloss.Sotheonlywayoutwastolayoffredundantemployees.Helen:Whydoyouthinkourcorporationmakesagoodcareermoveforyou?
Bill:Myexperienceatthelastcompanyiscompletelytransferabletoyour
company,sinceyoudealinthesameproducts.
Helen:Goon.
Bill:What’sevenbetter,yourcorporationisawell-knownmultinational,andits
workingtobecomeanindustryleaser.Ilikethat.
Helen:Andthatwouldbearealboosttoyourcareer?
Bill:Definitely.Mylastemployerdealtwithonlysmallinvestments.Butyour
companyishandlinglargeprojects.Thatwillhelpmegrowprofessionally.
NowYourTurnTask1
SAMPLEDIALOG
Pamela:Excuseme,Mr.Atkin,doyouhaveaminutetospare?
Atkin:Thequestionsuggestssomethingserious,Pamela.Whatsup?
Pamela:Well,uhThankyouverymuchforofferingmeapermanentjob.Butnow
IvereceivedanoticeofadmissiontoaMastersdegreeprograminmyuniversity.ImafraidIhavetoleave.
Atkin:Oh,whatapity.Youdidanexcellentjobhere,andeveryonelikesyou.
Pamela:Ireallyenjoyedworkinghere.Butfurtherstudieswillgivememore
opportunitiestogrowprofessionally.
Atkin:Yourskillsinsoftwaredevelopmentarealmostirreplaceablehere.Would
youstayifIpromoteyoutothedepartmentheadandgiveyouaraisein

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pay?
Pamela:Thankyouverymuchindeed,andIdoappreciatethegoldenopportunity.
ButIreallyneedtoacquiremoreknowledgewhileImyoung.WithaMastersdegreeinmyhands,Illbemorecompetitiveinthefuture.
Atkin:Inthatcase,Iwon’tkeepyou,Pamela.IjustwanttotellyouthatImsad
youllbeleavingus.Yourunthisplacewithclockworkefficiency,youknow.Wellallmissyoualot.
Pamela:Ihopethisone-monthnoticewillgiveyoutimetohireandtraina
replacement.
Atkin:Thanksforthenotice,Pamela.Assistantlikeyouarerare.Iguesswedbetter
startlookingassoonaspossible.
Pamela:Withyourapproval,Illpostnoticetodayandinterviewapplicantsforyou.Atkin:Thatwouldbegreat.Scheduletheminasyouseefit.Pamela,withoutyou,
thingsherewillbedifferent.
Pamela:Thankyouforyourkindwords.Ifyouhaveanyproblem,pleasefeelfree
callme.

V.LetsTalk
Script
Kathy:Well,nowthateverybodyIhere,letscallthemeetingtoorder.Todaywe
havetodiscusstheoperationofoursoftwaredevelopmentdepartment.Wereallawarethatnowadaysmarketcompetitionisbecomingmoreintensethaneverbefore.Ifwewanttokeepourcompetitiveedge,theonlywayistoofferexcellentandconsiderateservicetoourcustomerand,atthesametime,lowerourprices.So,whatImthinkingis,maybewecouldoutsourcethesoftwaresideofoutbusinesstoanothercompany.Butwhatimpactwillithaveonourengineers?Itsabigproblem.Mm,Idbeinterestedtoknowyourthoughts,Warton.
Warton:Itotallyagreewithyou.
Kathy:Couldyougointomoredetailaboutyouropinion?
Warton:Ithinkthatoutsourcingthispartofouroperationtoanothercompany
certainlymakesalotsense.Oursoftwareengineersategettingabittooold,andtheirtechnologyisabitoutofdate.Worsestill,theirsalariesarequitehigh.Manyprofessionalsoftware-designingcompaniesareofferingbetterproductsatlowerrates.Withoutsourcing,wecangivesomeoftheengineersthesack.
Jennifer:Sorrytointerruptyou.ComingfromthePRdepartment,Ilookatthisissue
fromadifferentperspective.Ithinkweshouldconsiderallsidesofthisissuebeforewemakeadecision.

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Kathy:Jennifer,Idbeinterestedtoknotyourviewtoo.
Jennifer:Ithinkasalargecompanyweshouldconsidernotonlycustomersand
prices,butalsoouremployees.Ourworkershavecontributedalottoourcompany.Someofthemevenstartedworkingherewhenourcompanyopened.Ihopewecanfindasolutionthatwontrequireustolayoffourloyalandtrustemployees.
Kathy:Imverymuchimpressedbywhatyousaid.Wedbettergivethisissuemore
carefulconsideration.

MaybewecouldoutsourcethesoftwaresideofoutbusinesstoKathy
anothercompany.Butwhatimpactwillithaveonourengineers?
Oursoftwareengineersategettingabittooold,and
theirtechnologyisabitoutofdate.Worsestill,their
salariesarequitehigh.Manyprofessional
software-designingcompaniesareofferingbetterWarton
productsatlowerrates.Withoutsourcing,wecangivesomeoftheengineersthesack.

Ourworkershavecontributedalottoourcompany.Jennifer:
Someofthemevenstartedworkingherewhenourcompanyopened.Ihopewecanfindasolutionthatwontrequireustolayoffourloyalandtrustemployees.

Wedbettergivethisissuemorecarefulconsideration.Kathy


VI.FurtherListeningandSpeaking
Task1:ProblemsofJoblessnessScript
Joblessnesscanleadtoaseriesofproblem,anditisnoteasytosolvethem.
Firstofall,beingwithoutajoboftenmeanslackingsocialcontractwithfellowemployees,andlackingapurposeformanyhoursoftheday,.Also,itobviouslyaffectsyourabilitytopaybillsandtopurchasethenecessitiesoflife,Lackofthisabilityisespeciallyseriousforthosewitfamilyobligations,debts,ormedicalcosts,anditisespeciallytrueidinacountryliketheUnitedStates,wheretheavailabilityof

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medicalinsuranceisoftenlinkedtoholdingajob.
Somemaintainthatjoblesspeoplecanrelyonunemploymentinsurance,butthisisnotrue.UnemploymentinsuranceintheU.S.typicallydoesnotevenreplace50percentoftheincomeonereceivedonthejob,andonecannotreceiveitforever.Therefore,theunemployedoftenendupapingwelfareprogramssuchasFoodStampsoraccumulatingdebt:bothformaldebttobanksandinformaldebttofriendsandrelatives.
Someholdthatlow-incomejobsprovidesolutiontojoblessness,butthisisnottrue.Sinceitisdifficultorimpossibletogetunemploymentinsurancebenefitswithouthavingworkedinthepast,job-seekershavetoacceptlow-incomejobs.Thus,unemploymentinsurancekeepsareadysupplyoflow-paidworkers.Tomakethingsworse,manyemployerstakeadvantageofthis.Whentheyresorttosuchmanagementtechniquesaslowwagesandbenefits,aswelladfewchancesforadvancement,theybeartheunemploymentinsuranceoptioninmind.
Underincreasingunemploymentpressure,joblesspeoplesufferfromavarietyoffinancial,psychologicalandsocialproblems.Increaseunemploymentencouragesbadhealthandraisesbothcrimeandsuiciderates.
1.Whatisthefirstproblemmentionedconcerningjoblessness?
2.WhichofthefollowingistrueofAmericanunemploymentinsurance?3.Whydopeopleacceptlow-incomejobs?
4.Accordingtothepassage,whatproblemsmightunemploymentcause?5.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?
Keys:1.A2.B3.C4.D5.A

Task2:Beforethecutback
Script
Barbara:Ivereallygottothinkaboutmyfuture.You’veheardofthecutbacksthe
managementsmaking,right?
Alan:Oh,yes.Iveheardit.Butyouhaventanythingtobeconcernedabout.Barbara:Aroundhereyouneverknowfromonedaytothenextwhetheryoucan
keepyourjob

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.Alan:Comeon,theywontletyougo.Youvebeenforsolong.Besides,youre
goodatyourjob.
Barbara:Thatmightbe,butIfeelthatIvereachedtheglassceilinginthiscompany.Alan:Glassceiling?Whatdoyoumeanbythat?
Barbara:Ivebeenworkingherefortenyears.Ihaven’tgottenapromotioninthree
years.IthoughtIshouldbeVicePresidentbynow.IfIwereaman,I’msureIwouldbeVicePresident.
Alan:Theresnoofficialcompanypolicy,butitstruethattheydon’tpromote
womentomanagementpositionshere.
Barbara:Icanseethewritingonthewall.Ithinkitstimetochangejob,andmaybe
evencareers,ifIwanttogetahead.
Alan:Changecareer?Thatsabigjump.Ifyouchangecareers,whatwillyou
do?
Barbara:Imdoingmarketresearchhere,butIstudiespublicrelationsincollege.Id
liketodoPRforalargemultinationalcompany.
Alan:Thatsoundsexciting,andthepaywouldbebetter,too.Yeah,ifIwould
keepaneyeonthejobpositingontheInternet.
Barbara:Soonerorlatersomethinggoodisboundtoturnupinthejobmarket.
Keys:TTFFF
Task3:CareerTransitions
Script
InJulyof2001,myhusband,aprofessionalintheinformationtechnologyconsultingindustry,losthisjob.Despitemyexperienceasacareercounselorwhohadcounseledhundredsofpeopleaboutcareerchanges,whenthebadnewsfinallyarrived,wewerebothcaughtunprepared.Unpreparedtotellourchildren,unpreparedforthemixofemotionsandmostdramatically,unpreparedforthesuddenlossofroutineinourlives.Therealitywasthatthoughtwebothknewwellhowtofindjobs,wehadneverbeeninthisawkwardunemploymentsituationtogetherbefore.Irememberwatchingmyhusbandsittinginourofficeashepattedhisforeheadandmutteredtohimself,NowwhatamIsupposedtodo?
Beinglaid-offcreatedawholenewsetofquestionsandchallenge.Weturnedtothebookstoreforassistanceandfoundlotsofbooksaboutjobsearch,butnotasinglebookontheday-to-daychallengesyoufacewhenyougetlaid-off.

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Overtimewelearnedwhattodo.Wediscoveredterrificresources,identifiedshortcuts,andlearnedfromothersgoingthroughthesameprocess.Ispokewithmycolleaguesandclientsandcollectedtheirbesttips.Beforeweknewit,wehadgatheredenoughinterestingmaterialforabookoncareertransitionsthebookweneededbutcouldntfindlastJuly
Nowwewanttosharethisgoldmineofinformationwithyou.
ForReference
1.Shehadexperienceasacareercounselorwhohadcounseledhundredsofpeopleaboutcareerchanges.Butwhenherhusbandslostjob,theybothwerecaughtunprepared.
2.Theywereunpreparedtotellourchildren,unpreparedforthemixofemotionsandmostdramatically,unpreparedforthesuddenlossofroutineinourlives.
3.Shesawherhusbandsittinginourofficeashepattedhisforeheadandmuttered
tohimself,―NowwhatamIsupposedtodo?
4.Inthebookstoretheyfoundlotsofbooksaboutjobsearch,butnotasinglebook
ontheday-to-daychallengespeoplefacewhentheygetlaid-off.
5.TheyhadgatheredenoughinterestingmaterialforabookoncareertransitionsthebookweneededbutcouldntfindlastJuly
NewsReport
U.S.FordPlantstoBeClosedScript
FordMotorCompanyhasannouncedplanstocloseplantsnscutmorethan35,000jobsaspartofmassiverestricting[SOUNDBITE]
TheannouncementdidntseemtocomeasasurprisetomanyFordemployees..[SOUNDBITE]
FordChiefExecutive,BillFord,Jr.,calledthecutspainful,butnecessarytorescuetheworldsnumbertwocarmakerfromgoingunder.
Theplannedcutsinclude22,000jobsintheU.S.andCanada.
CertainU.S.models,suchastheCougar,Escort,Villager,andLincolnContinentalwillbediscontinuedduetoplantclosings.
Ford,Jr.saidhewouldreceivenosalaryuntilthecompanyrecovered.[SOUNDBITE]
Fordsrecentfinancialtroublesreflectacompleteturnaroundfromlastyear,whenthe

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companyreportedaprofitofmorethan$6billionfortheyear2000.
Thecompanywashithardin2001,whentheyspent$3billionduringasafetyrecall.Whennewsoftheplantclosingsandjobcutstheworkers,manyreactedwithemotion.
[SOUNDBITE]
ChairmanFord,Jr.saysthatrecoverywillbebasedongettingbacktobasicsinproductdevelopmentandonimprovingqualityandproductivity.
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