2016版高考英语二轮复习专题四语法填空和短文改错第三讲四课堂达标训练

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Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．(2015·高考安徽卷改编)Just as I got to the school gate，I realized I ____________ (leave) my book in the cafe.

解析：句意：我刚一到学校门口，就意识到我把书落在餐馆了。realized后省略了that，这里是一个宾语从句，从句时态与主句保持一致，“落下”的动作发生在“意识到”之前，应该用过去完成时。

答案：had left

2．(2015·高考北京卷改编)In the last few years，China ____________(make) great achievements in environmental protection.

解析：句意：在过去的这些年里，中国在环境保护中取得了很大的成就。由时间状语in the last few years可推知动作从过去一段时间持续到现在并对现在造成影响，用现在完成时。

答案：has made

3．(2015·高考北京卷改编)—Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment.

—All right.I ____________ (call) him later.

解析：句意：——Dr.Jackson现在不在办公室。——好的，我待会再打给他。由later可知，表示的是将来要执行的动作，用一般将来时。

答案：will call

4．(2015·高考湖南卷改编)I wasn’t able to hide my eagerness when I ____________ (ask)，“What do you wish me to do now？”

解析：句意：我不能隐藏我的渴望，当我问道，“你现在希望我做些什么？”此题主句的时态为一般过去时，表示这个事情和动作发生在过去，故从句时态也要用一般过去时。

答案：asked

5．(2015·高考陕西卷改编)Marty ____________(work)really hard on his book and he thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday.

解析：句意：马蒂一直在非常努力地写书，他认为他将在周五前完成。由后文提示he’ll have finished it by Friday可知，work这一动作发生在过去，一直延续到现在，并且现在还在进行，故要用现在完成进行时。

答案：has been working

6．(2015·高考北京卷改编) If I ____________ (not see) it with my own eyes，I wouldn’t have believed it.

解析：句意：如果不是我亲眼看到，我不会相信。根据后半句wouldn’t have believed可以判断是对过去的虚拟。所以从句是if＋主语＋had＋done的形式。

答案：hadn’t seen

7．(2015·高考陕西卷改编) Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I ____________(dance) as well as her.

解析：句意：埃伦是一位了不起的舞蹈家。要是我能跳得像她一样好那该有多好啊。I wish后接从句，从句用虚拟语气。叙述与现在事实相反的情况，谓语动词用过去式(be用were)；叙述与将来事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用could/should/would/might do，叙述与过去事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用had done。由语境可知，此处叙述的是与现在事实相反的情况，故谓语动词用过去式。

答案：danced

8．(2015·高考北京卷改编)—Did you enjoy the party?

—Yes.We ____________(treat) well by our hosts.

解析：句意：——你喜欢这个聚会吗？——是的，我们受到了主人很好的招待。根据上一句中的did可知用一般过去时；且we和treat是动宾关系，用被动语态。设空处故用一般过去时的被动语态。

答案：were treated

9.If you ____________(refer) to the failed experiences，you would not have made such a mistake in your homework.

解析：句意：如果你参考一下这些失败的教训的话，你就不会在你的作业中犯下这样的错误。根据主句would not have made可知表示对过去事实相反的假设，故从句用had done。

答案：had referred

10．The girl insisted that she ____________ (be)not wrong and ____________(send)back to the classroom.

解析：句意：那女孩坚持说她没错并坚决要求把她送回教室。insist作“坚持认为”时，要用陈述语气；作“坚决主张；坚决要求”时，用虚拟语气。

答案：was；(should) be sent

Ⅱ.语篇填空(用所给动词的适当形式填空)

When he was a little boy，Christopher Cockerell once 1.____________ (watch) his mother turning the wheel of her sewing­machine with her hand.

“Wouldn’t it work quicker if a machine turned the wheel for you？” he asked.

“I suppose it would，” said his mother，without paying him any attention.

Christopher 2.____________ (know) she always had a lot of work，and he wanted to help her.

Up in his bedroom there was a toy steam­engine which his father 3.____________ (buy) him as a gift.“I 4.____________ (make) better use of it，” little Christopher said to himself.So，when his mother 5.____________ (not use) her sewing­machine，he fixed the toy steam­engine onto it.When the job 6.____________ (finish)，he was quite pleased，thinking his mother 7.____________ (like) it.

“Very clever，” his mother said，when she 8.____________ (see) it.Then she sat down and went on turning the wheel by hand.“I 9.____________ (work) like this for too many years，”she explained.

This taught Christopher Cockerell the lesson that any­one who tries to improve anything 10.____________ (have) to learn: Many people don’t like new ideas.

答案：1.watched　2.knew　3.had bought　4.shall/will make　5.was not using　6.was finished　7.would like

8．saw　9.have been working　10.has

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