it习题精选

强调句、It的用法

（一）强调句句型

1、陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.

2、一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。

e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?

3、特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？

e.g. When and where was it that you were born?

4、强调句例句：针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。

强调主语：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.

强调宾语：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.

强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.

强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.

5、注意：构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was … ，其余的时态用It is … 。

（二）not … until … 句型的强调句

1、句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分

e.g. 普通句：He didn’t go to bed until/ till his wife came back.

强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.

2、注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用；因为句型中It is/ was not … 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。

（三）谓语动词的强调

1、It is/ was … that … 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/ does或did。

e.g. Do sit down. 务必请坐。

He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。

Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必（千万）要小心啊！

2、注意：此种强调只用do/ does和did ，没有别的形式；过去时用did ，后面的谓语动词用原形。 It的用法

（一）作人称代词

1、it代替前面（或后面）的单数名词或分句等所表示的事物。

e.g. You cannot eat your cake but have it.（it代替前面的cake）

Although we cannot see it, there is air all around us. （it代替后面的air）

They say he has left town, but I don’t believe it. （it代替前面They…town分句中的情况）

2、代替有生命但不能或不必分阴阳性的东西（包括婴儿）。

e.g. Yesterday we saw a big tree. It was fully twenty metres high. （it代替前面的tree）

The baby cried because it was hungry. （it代替前面的baby）

3、在某些习惯说法中，可以代替人。

e.g. ---- Someone is knocking at the door, Peter. ---- Who is it? ---- It’s me.

---- Who are singing? ---- It is the children.

---- The light is still on in the lab. It must be the third-year students doing the experiment.

4、it与one的区别：这两个词都可以代表前面说过的名词，但it用于同名同物的场合；one则用于同名异物的场合。

e.g. ---- Do you still have the bicycle? ---- No, I have sold it.

---- Is this knife yours? ---- No. It is Xiao Zhang’s. Mine is the one on the desk.

5、it与that的区别：两词都可代替某一特定名词，但that指同一类，并非同一个。

e.g. The climate of South China is mild（温和的）; I like it very much.（it指the climate of South China）

The climate of South China is much better than that of Japan.（that指the climate）

（二）作无人称代词

it作无人称代词时，除了句中找不到它所代表的词语外，另一个特点是它后面的内容都是表示天气、时间、距离、度量衡及情况等。

It is fine (rainy, windy, etc.). It is noon.

It is a half hour’s walk to the factory. It is eighteen square metres in area.

What does it matter?

（三）作强调词，构成强调结构

用以帮助改变句子结构，使句子的某一成分受到强调。“It is (was) + 所强调的成分 + that (who) + 其它成分。”在这个句型中，it本身没有词义。详见“一、强调句”。

（四）引导词it作形式主语（宾语）

为了使句子平衡，常采用形式主语（或宾语）it ，而把真正的主语（或宾语）置于句子后面。通常引导词it与它所代替的句子成分中间要夹有某些词。

e.g. It takes half an hour to go there on foot.（It与to go there on foot之间夹有takes half an hour四个词）

We thought it strange that Mr Smith did not come last night. （it与that从句中间夹有 strange）

但有时it与所替代部分之间并不夹有其它词。

e.g. You may depend on it that they will support you.（因为介词on之后一般不直接接that引导的宾语从句。注意：it不是多余的，不能当作错句）

习题精选---It用法:

1. I like in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.

A. this B. that C. it D. one

[解析] C.句中like为及物动词,后面需要跟宾语.而like之后不可直接接从句作宾语.it可用于某些动词(hate, appreciate…)和介词之后作笼统宾语.

2. He was nearly drowned once. When was ?

was in 1998 when he was in middle school.

A. that; It B. this; This C. this; It D. that; This

[解析]A. 第一空用that指代上文提到的事情; 第二空用it指代第一空的that

3. The Parkers bought a new house but will need a lot of work before they can move in.

A. they B. it C. one D. which

[解析] B此处it指代前面出现的a new house. it指代上文提到的同一事物,为特指;而one通常指代同类事物中的某一个.

4. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see .

A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is

[解析] D此处it用作人称代词,指不明身份,性别的人;宾语从句应用陈述语序.

5. In fact is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.

A. this B. that C. there D. it

[解析] D此处it用作形式主语.

6. Mike’s mother kept telling him that he should work hard, but didn’t help.

A. he B. it C. she D. which

[解析] B此处it用以指代前面的句子,可用that替换.

7. Since you have repaired my computer, is no need for me to buy a new one.

A. it B. there C. this D. that

[解析] B考查固定句型 There is no need for sb to do sth

8. The official made clear that he would do everything possible to solve the problem.

A. it B. this C. that D. him

[解析] A此处 it用作形式宾语.

9. Do you like here?

Oh, yes, the air, the weather and the way of life. Everything is so nice.

A. this B. there C. that D. it

[解析] D此处 it泛指自然环境.

10. Bill’s aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising in TV is illegal, ?

A. isn’t it B. is it C. isn’t he D. is he

[解析]A主语为 “ Bill’s aim”.

11. is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is increasing.

A. which B. As C. That D. It

[解析] B非限制性定语从句中, as /which均可指代整句话的内容,但 which只能放在主句后,译为 “这一点”; as则位置灵活,译为 “正如”.

12. It was with great joy he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.

A. because B. which C. since D. that

[解析] D考查强调句型.

13. It was back home after the experiment.

A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go

C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn’t go

[解析] C考查not until结构强调句型.

14. Why! I have nothing to confess. You want me to say?

A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that

[解析] A考查强调句型的特殊疑问句句式.

15. It is the ability to do the job matters not where you come from or what you are.

A. one B. that C. what D. it

[解析] B考查强调句型.被强调部分是not where you come from or what you are (but ) the ability to do the job.为了平衡结构,部分移至句尾.

练习

1. My bike is missing. I can’t find ____ anywhere.

A. one B. ones C. it D. that

2. ---- Who’s that? ---- ____ Professor Li.

A. That’s B. It’s C. He’s D. This’s

3. ____ was Jane that I saw in the library this morning.

A. It B. He C. She D. That

4. ---- Have you ever seen a whale alive? ---- Yes, I’ve seen ____.

A. that B. it C. such D. one

5. The color of my coat is different from ____ of yours.

A. this B. that C. it D. one

6. ____ will do you good to do some exercise every morning.

A. It B. There C. Those D. You

7. We think ____ our duty to pay taxes to our government.

A. that B. this C. its D. it

8. The climate of Shanghai is better than ____ of Nanjing.

A. that B. it C. which D. what

9. ____ four years since I joined the Army.

A. There was B. There is C. It was D. It is

10. How long ____ to finish the work?

A. you’ll take B. you’ll take it C. will it take you D. will take you

11. It was through Xiao Li ____ I got to know Xiao Wang.

A. who B. whom C. how D. that

12. It was in the rice fields ____ we had our league meeting.

A. where B. that C. in which D. on which

13. It was on October 1st ____ new China was founded.

A. which B. when C. as D. that

14. Was it because he was ill ____ he asked for leave?

A. and B. that C. that’s D. so

15. Mary speaks in a low voice; ____ is difficult to know what she is saying.

A. it B. that C. so D. she

16. It was ____ I met Mr Green in Shanghai.

A. many years that B. many years before C. many years ago that D. many years when

17. ____ is not everybody ____ can draw so well.

A. It, all B. It, that C. There, who D. There, that

18. So ____ that no fish can live in it.

A. shallow is the lake B. the lake is shallow

C. shallow the lake is D. is the lake shallow

KEY:

1~5 CBADB 6~10 ADADC 11~15 DBDBA 16~18 CBA

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