2017.11.26
“be going to” 结构
1、“be going to”表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、安排要做的事。它是一般将来时的一种表达形式，其后常有表示将来的时间状语。
如：tomorrow, next week等。
例如：We are going to play football tomorrow.
明天我们将去踢足球。
2、构成：be going to ＋动词原形。在be going to 结构中，be随主语人称和数的变化而变化，而going to 固定不变。
例如：
He is going to clean the classroom tomorrow.
They are going to clean the classroom tomorrow.
3、句式变化：be going to 结构的句式变化都可在be上完成。变疑问句时，将be提至主语之前；变否定句在be后加not。
例如：They are not going to have a picnic next week.
下星期他们将不去野餐。
Are they going to have a picnic next week?
下星期他们将去野餐吗？
What are they going to do next week?
下星期他们打算干什么？
4、“be going to +动词原形”的用法。
1. 表示主语打算、安排在最近或将来要做某事或出现的某种状态。这种主观意图，一般已做过事先安排，故其实现的可能性较大，其主语常是人。
例如：We are going to swim next Sunday.
下星期天我们打算去游泳。（已打算好下星期天去游泳）
2. 表示根据现有情况、某种迹象，判断将要或即将发生的动作。此时不含有主观意图，只是表示说话人对客观事态发展的判断或推测，此时主语可以是人，也可以是物。
例如：
Look! It’s going to rain. 看！天要下雨了。
（可能根据天气闷热、雷声隆隆等迹象判断天要下雨）
I’m not feeling well, I’m going to be ill.
我感觉不是很好，可能要生病了。（仅表示说话人的一种感觉而已）
3. 若“be going to +动词原形”这一结构中的动词是go时，此时动词go可以省去。
例如：
They are going to （go to ）the park next Friday.
下星期五他们打算去公园。
4. “be going to +动词原形”结构与表示将来的时间状语是否连用，在意思上有所差别。如果其后有明确的时间状语，则表示该动作或状态发生的可能性较大；反之，则表示一种推测，表示未来可能发生的事情。
例如：
There is going to be a film in our school this evening.
今晚我们学校将有一场电影。（一定会发生）
Hurry up! We are going to be late.
快点！我们要迟到了。（仅表示一种推测）
词语辨析be going to, will
二者均可用来表示将来某个时候发生的动作或存在的状态，但在实际运用中它们是有区别的：
A．be going to通常指人们事先经过考虑、安排要做的事情，而will则单纯表示将来，与主语在主观上没有任何关系。例：
1）We're not going to have any classes nest week. 下周我们将不上课。（事先安排好的。）
2）There's someone at the door. I'll go and open it .。有人敲门，我要去开。（并非事先安排而是临时决定的。）
B．如果说话人根据某种迹象推测将要发生的事，只能用be going to,而will多指说话人主观认为或者相信将会发生的事。例：
1）Look at those clouds! It's going to rain. 看那些云彩！要下雨了。
2）I think it will rain. 我认为要下雨了。
C．若是表示不以人们的意志为转移的客观规律和普遍事实，必须用will，而不用be going to。例：
1）People won't live without water. 没有水，人就不会生存。
2）Tomorrow will be Thursday. 明天是星期四。
D．在口语里问对方是否愿意做某事或表示客气的邀请和命令时，应用will，而不用be going to。
例：
1）Will you go with us? 你和我们一起去好吗？
2）Will you not please close the door? 请你别把门关上好吗？
E．在含有条件状语从句的复合句里，如果表示主句的动作即将发生或状态即将存在，一般用will，而不用be going to。
例： 1）We'll go shopping if it doesn't rain tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨，我们就去买东西。
2）If you jump the queue, other people will not be pleased. 要是你不按次序排队，别的人会不高兴的。
[练习] 用be going to和will填空：
1．He _______be thirty -five this time next year.
2．They______ get married next month.
3. You_____ miss the early train if you don't go soon.
4. _____you help me with English?
一般将来时专项练习
一、单项选择。
( ) 1. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.
A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be
( ) 2. Charlie ________ here next month.
A. isn’t working B. doesn’t working
C. isn’t going to working D. won’t work
( ) 4. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.
A. was B. is going to have
C. will have D. is going to be
( ) 5. –________ you ________ free tomorrow?
– No. I ________ free the day after tomorrow. A. Are; going to; will
B. Are; going to be; will
C. Are; going to; will be
D. Are; going to be; will be
( ) 11. He ________ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.
A. gives B. gave
C. will giving D. is going to give
( ) 13. He ________ in three days.
A. coming back B. came back
C. will come back D. is going to coming back ( ) 18. Tomorrow he ________ a kite in the open air first, and then ________ boating in the park.
A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goes
C. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go
( ) 19. The day after tomorrow they ________ a volleyball match.
A. will watching B. watches
C. is watching D. are going to watch
( ) 24. ________ your brother ________ a magazine from the library?
A. Are; going to borrow B. Is; going to borrow
C. Will; borrows D. Are; going to borrows ( ) 26. It ________ the year of the horse next year.
A. is going to be B. is going to
C. will be D. will is
( ) 30. The train ________ at 11.
A. going to arrive B. will be arrive
C. is going to D. is arriving
二、动词填空。
1. I ______（leave）in a minute. I ______（finish）all my work before I ______ （leave）.
2. —How long _____ you _____（study）in our country?
—I _____（plan）to be here for about one more year.
—I _____（hope）to visit the other parts of your country.
—What ______ you ______（do）after you ______（leave）here?
—I ______（return）home and ______（get）a job.
3. I ______（be）tired. I ______（go）to bed early tonight.
4. Mary’s birthday is next Monday, her mother _____（give）her a present.
5. It is very cold these days. It ______（snow）soon.
6. —_____ you _____（be）here this Saturday?
—No. I ______（visit）my teacher.
7. —______ I ______（get）you a copy of today’s newspaper?
—Thank you.
8. I am afraid there ______（be）a meeting this afternoon. I can’t join you.
9. Mike ______（believe, not）this until he ______（see）it with his own eyes.
10. Most of us don’t think their team ______（win）.
三、句型转换。
1. People in the north often go skating in winter. （next winter）
2. There are two cinemas in that town. （next year）
3. He comes back late.（in two days）
4. She is a conductor of a train.（soon）
5. Li Ming is ten years old.（next year）
6. I sometimes write to my mother in the evening.（tonight）
7. He went there by plane.（some day next year）
8. China is a modern and strong country.（in twenty years）
9. Do you study hard?（from now on）
10. She didn’t speak English at the meeting.（before long）
本文来源：https://www.2haoxitong.net/k/doc/ac84a7483069a45177232f60ddccda38366be16e.html
文档为doc格式