主语从句讲解和练习题

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高考英语主语从句
定义用作主语的从句叫主语从句,它是名词性从句之一。主语从句的时态:不受主句的时态影响和限制引导主语从句的连接词有:
从属连词:that,whether
连接代词:who(whoever,whom,whose,what(whateverwhich(whichever
连接副词:when,where,howwhy连接词
1.从属连词:thatwhether
1that引导主语从句只起引导作用,在主语从句中不充当任何成分,that本身无实际意义,但不能省略。
2whether意为“是否”,放在句首句末皆可。由whether引导的名词从句做主语,表语,介词宾语,同位语时!不可用if代替。
a.Thatpricewillgoupiscertain.
b.Whethertheywouldsupportuswasaproblem.他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。
2.连接代词whowhatwhich,whatever,whichever,whoever(Who,whom,which,what可以和ever构成合成词,和what一样引导从句,ever起到强调作用。此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导,它们在句子中担任成分,不能省略,语序为陈述语序,既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。
Whichsidewillwinisnotclear.Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepunished.Whateverhedidisright.Whokilledthescientistremainsaquestion.
1Whatthat引导的主语从句的区别:that只起引导作用,不充当任何成分,没有意思。What不仅起引导作用,还要充当一定成分(主语、宾语或表语,意思是:“什么”。Whatweneedismoney.Thathewillcomeiscertain.
2whatever/whoever的用法(~ever=nomatter~---让步状语从句中)whatever/whoever可以引导主语从句,并在句中作主语、宾语、表语等,不含疑问意义。whatever相当于anythingthat;whoever相当于anyonewho。例如:
Whoever(Anyonewhowantstoenterintothisschoolmusttaketheexam.Whatever(Anythingthatshedidwasright.
3.连接副词whenwherehowwhy等。既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.Whenhewillbebackdependsontheweather.Whenwe’llstarttomorrowwillbetoldsoon.Wherethetestwillbegivenisnotyetdecided.4.主语从句后置为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.:Thatweshallbelateiscertain.--It’scertainthatweshallbelate.1)用it作形式主语的结构
A.It+be+形容词+that从句
(obvious,true,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.如:
Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.
B.It+be+名词词组+that从句(anhonour,afact,apity,etc如:
Itisapity/shamethat...遗憾的是……Itisasurprisethat…令人惊奇的是…Itisafactthat……是事实Itiscommonknowledgethat……是常识It’sapitythatwecan’tgo.C.It+be+过去分词+that从句



(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,etc如:ItissaidthatMr.GreenhasarrivedinBeijing.
D.It+不及物动词或短语+that从句(seem,happen,doesn’tmatter,turnout如:
IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.Itdoesn’tmatterwhethershewillcomeornot.
2对于以连接代词(副词引导的主语从句,可以使用形式主语代主语从句,也可直接在句首使用主语从句:
a.Whethertheywouldsupportuswasaproblem.b.Itwasaproblemwhethertheywouldsupportus.
3)主语从句中的否定前移
当用it作形式主语,而将主语从句放在句尾时,主语从句中的否定词常要前移至主句中。例如:
Itdoesn’tseemthattheyarefromthesameuniversity.Itdoesn’tappearthatwe’llhaveasunnydaytomorrow.5.注意
1)主语从句在句首时,必须由连接词引导,不能省略这些连接词。
误:Theyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.正:Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural.2)在It+be+suggested/advised/ordered/requested/insisted/required,that从句的谓语也应该用“should+动词原形”的形式,should有时可以省略。主语从句中用陈述语序,后面的谓语动词用第三人称单数.Itissuggestedthatwe(shoulddotheexperimentasecondtime.
3.用于Itisimportant/natural/necessary/impossiblethat...句型中,主语从句应使用虚拟语气,用“should+动词原形”的形式,should有时可以省略。
Itisimportantandnecessarythatwe(shouldkeepthebalanceofnature.
4)“what”引导主语从句时,谓语动词:常与其后的名词作表语一致,且根据句子的语境而定。egWhatyouleftareonlyseveraloldbooks.Whatyousaidisofgreatimportance.
5)在Itisfunny,strange,surprising,apity,ashame,nowonder,etc.+that从句中,有时谓语部分用should+动词原形,来表达说话者的感情色彩,此时should也可省略。6)语气
"Itbe+adj./n.+that-clause"与强调句型均有Itbe...that...之类的语言标志,但不同的是:①前者中的that从句是主语从句.若删掉其中的Itbethat,则剩余部分不论结构还是语意都不能成为一个句;但若将后者中的Itbethat去掉,则剩余部分的结构和语意仍能构成一个完整的句子.②强调句型译为汉语时可加上"正是……"或"就是……"之类的字眼,而主语从句则不可以.
ItissurprisingthatMaryshouldhavewonfirstplace.令人惊奇的是玛莉竟然获得了第一名.ItisMarythathaswonfirstplace.正是玛莉得了第一名.【强调】6..主语从句的规律
1.Whenwillhecomeisnotknown.正:Whenhewillcomeisnotknown.规律一、主语从句一律用陈述语序,即主语在前,谓语在后。
2.Hewillnotcometothemeetingthiseveningistrue.
正:Thathewillnotcometothemeetingthiseveningistrue.规律二、连词that在从句中无实际意义,但不能省略。
3.Ifthemeetingwillbeputoffhasnotbeendecidedyet.
正:Whetherthemeetingwillbeputoffhasnotbeendecidedyet.规律三、whether可以引导主语从句,放在句首,但if不能4.Thatwhetherhewillhelpothersisafact.正:Thathewillhelpothersisafact.



规律四、主语从句中的连词不能重叠使用。
5.Whenhewillcomeareapuzzle.正:Whenhewillcomeisapuzzle.规律五、含主语从句的主句谓语动词多用单数第三人称形式
1.Whatheneedsisthatbook.2.Whatheneedsaresomebooks.规律六、what引导的主语从句,可根据表语决定主句动词的单复数形式
规律七、主语从句为了避免头重脚轻现象,用it做形式主语,而把从句放在后面。Thattheearthturnsaroundthesunisknowntoall.Itisknowntoallthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.
1.what/thata.____hesaidatthemeetingsurprisedus.b._____heturnedupatthemeetingsurprisedus.
2.if/whether_______yougoorstayathomewon’tmakeanydifferences.3.Whatapity_____is_____youdidn’tarrivebydaylight.
A.there,becauseB.it,thatC.he,whenD.that,for4.nomatterhow/who/what/where/when
Wearereadytodo______thecountrywantsustodo.
A.whatB.whichC.nomatterwhatD.whatever5.Itisapitythatyou(shouldmisssuchagoodchance.___hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.
A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How
6.___we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.
AIfBWhetherCThatDWhere
7.___isknowntousallisthatAmericaisadevelopedcountry.
AWhichBAsCWhatDIt8.It’sknowntousall___aformofenergy.
A.waterisB.thatwaterisC.iswaterD.thatwaterto9.Itworriedherabit___herhairwasturninggray.
A.whetherB.thatC.whatD.when10.WhatIsayandthink___noneofyourbusiness.
A.isB.areC.hasDhave
11.____hisdreamofgoingtocollegewillcometrueisuncertain.
ThatB.WhetherC.IfD.Evenif
12.Itisknowntous___wherethereispollution,thereisharm.
A.whichB.whereC.whatD.that
13.---Isawyourneighborbreakyourwindowwithabasketball.
---____itmademenearlymad.
A.ThathebrokeB.WhathebrokeC.HebrokeD.Hisbreak14.Itremainsaquestion____wecangetsomuchmoneyinsuchashorttime.
A.howB.thatC.whenD.what
15.Hemadeapromise___anyonesethimfreehewouldmakehimveryrich.A.thatB.ifC.whatD.thatif
16.Theylosttheirwayintheforestand____mademattersworsewas___nightbegantofall.
A.what;thatB.it;thatC.what;whenD.which;what
17.________thattheyfoundanunusualplantintheforest.
A.ItissaidB.TheyaresaidC.ItsaidD.Itsays



18._____causedtheaccidentisstillacompletemystery.A.WhatB.ThatC.HowD.Where
19.ItworriedMaryalot_____shewouldpassthecollegeentranceexamination.
A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.how
20.____isnopossibility______Bobwillwinthefirstprizeinthematch.
A.There,thatB.It,thatC.There,whetherD.It,whether
21.____surprisedmemostwas_____suchalittlegirlofsevencouldplaytheviolinsowell.
A.That;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.What;what22._____helpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.A.WhoB.AnyoneC.WhoeverD.Theperson
23.____shecouldn’tunderstandwas_____fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.
A.What;whyB.That;whyC.What;becauseD.Why;that24.Itwas____hesaid___disappointedme.
A.What;thatB.That;thatC.What;whatD.That;what
25.___isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It
26.______leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.
A.AnyoneB.ThepersonC.WhoeverD.Who
27.________makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.A.WhatB.ThatC.WhoeverD.Whatever28.Isthisfactoryyouvisitedtheotherday?A.thatB.whereC.inwhichD.theone29.Whenandwhyhecamehere________yet.
A.isnotknownB.arenotknownC.hasnotknownD.havenotknown30.________isnoreasonfordismissingher.
A.BecauseshewasafewminuteslateB.OwingtoafewminuteslateC.ThefactthatshewasafewminuteslateD.Beingafewminuteslate31.________Tomlikedtoeatwasdifferentfrom________.
A.That…thatyouhadexpectedB.What…thatyouhadexpectedC.That…whatyouhadexpectedD.What…whatyouhadexpected32.________wegoswimmingeveryday________usalotofgood.A.If...doB.That...doC.If...doesD.That...does33.It________Bobdrivesbadly.
A.thinksthatB.isthoughtwhatC.thoughtthatD.isthoughtthat34.It'suncertain________theexperimentisworthdoing.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.how
35.________theboydidn'ttakemedicinemadehismotherangry.A.ThatB.WhatC.HowD.Which
36.____wecan'tgetseemsbetterthan____wehave.
A.What,whatB.What,thatC.That,thatD.That,what37.____youdon'tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether
38..____we'llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where
39._________isgoingtodothejobwillbedecidedbythePartycommittee.A.ThatB.WhyC.HowD.Who



40._______we'llfinishtranslatingthebookdependsonthetime.A.WhenB.WhyC.WhatD.That41.______hewon'tgothereiscleartoallofus.A.HowB.WhatC.WhyD.This42.______thehousewillbebuiltwillbediscussedattomorrow'smeeting.A.IfB.WhereC.ThatD.What
43_______youcomeornotisuptoyou.A.WhatB.IfC.WhyD.Whether44._______teamwillwinthematchisamatterofpublicconcern.A.WhichB.ThatC.IfD.How
45Isthisthefactory___someforeignfriendsvisitedotherday?AthatBwhereCwhichDtheone
1.what/that2.Whether3--10BDABCBBA11--20BDAADAAAAA21--30BCAADCCACC31--40DDDCAACBDA41--46CBDAAB


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