高考英语主语从句
定义:用作主语的从句叫主语从句,它是名词性从句之一。主语从句的时态:不受主句的时态影响和限制。引导主语从句的连接词有:
从属连词:that,whether;
连接代词:who(whoever,whom,whose,what(whatever和which(whichever;
连接副词:when,where,how和why。连接词:
1.从属连词:that,whether
1)that引导主语从句只起引导作用,在主语从句中不充当任何成分,that本身无实际意义,但不能省略。
2)whether意为“是否”,放在句首句末皆可。由whether引导的名词从句做主语,表语,介词宾语,同位语时!不可用if代替。
a.Thatpricewillgoupiscertain.
b.Whethertheywouldsupportuswasaproblem.他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。
2.连接代词who,what,which,whatever,whichever,whoever(Who,whom,which,what可以和ever构成合成词,和what一样引导从句,ever起到强调作用。此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导,它们在句子中担任成分,不能省略,语序为陈述语序,既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。
Whichsidewillwinisnotclear.Whoeverbreaksthelawwillbepunished.Whateverhedidisright.Whokilledthescientistremainsaquestion.
1)What和that引导的主语从句的区别:that只起引导作用,不充当任何成分,没有意思。What不仅起引导作用,还要充当一定成分(主语、宾语或表语,意思是:“什么”。Whatweneedismoney.Thathewillcomeiscertain.
2)whatever/whoever的用法(~ever=nomatter~---让步状语从句中)whatever/whoever可以引导主语从句,并在句中作主语、宾语、表语等,不含疑问意义。whatever相当于anythingthat;whoever相当于anyonewho。例如:
Whoever(Anyonewhowantstoenterintothisschoolmusttaketheexam.Whatever(Anythingthatshedidwasright.
3.连接副词when,where,how,why等。既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。Howthishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.Whenhewillbebackdependsontheweather.Whenwe’llstarttomorrowwillbetoldsoon.Wherethetestwillbegivenisnotyetdecided.4.主语从句后置:为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语.例:Thatweshallbelateiscertain.--It’scertainthatweshallbelate.1)用it作形式主语的结构
A.It+be+形容词+that从句
(obvious,true,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.如:
Itiscertainthatshewilldowellin