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第38卷第9期 2018年5月 DOI:10.5846/stxb201705270985 生 态 学 报 V0】.38.No.9 May,2018 ACTA ECOL0GICA SINICA 卓嘎,陈思蓉,周兵.青藏高原植被覆盖时空变化及其对气候因子的响应.生态学报,2018,38(9):3208—3218. Zhuo G,Chen S R,Zhou B.Spatio—temporal variation of vegetation coverage over the Tibetan Plateau and its responses to climatic factors.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2018,38(9):3208—3218. 青藏高原植被覆盖时空变化及其对气候因子的响应 卓嘎 ’,陈思蓉 ,周 兵 850000 850000 1中国气象局成都高原气象研究所拉萨分部,拉萨2西藏自治区气候中心.拉萨3广西省气候中心.南宁530000 4中国气象局国家气候中心.北京100081 摘要:研究青藏高原植被覆盖时空分布特征对加深气候变化的认识及生态环境保护具有重要的生态价值和现实意义。利用 2000--2016年MODIS NDVI lkm/月分辨率数据以及气象观测数据,采用最大合成法、趋势性分析以及相关分析方法,探讨了不 同时间尺度青藏高原地区NDVI的分布特征及其与降水、气温的关系。结果表明:(1)青藏高原东南部植被状况明显好于西北 部,植被覆盖的分布格局与区域水热条件的时空分布保持了较好的一致性;近17年来青藏高原植被覆盖改善的地区要比退化 的地区面积大,严重退化的区域主要位于青藏高原西南部;青藏高原NDVI值在2000--2016年呈幅度较小的增加趋势。(2)除 夏季降水量外,研究时段内其他季节降水量均呈增加趋势;气温均呈增加趋势,尤其以春季增加最为显著,整体上青藏高原气候 呈现“暖湿化”趋势。总体上年降水量与年最大合成NDVI呈较好的正相关;年平均气温与年最大合成NDVI在高原东南部呈 正相关,西南部呈负相关。降水量和热量条件均是高原植被生长的影响因素,降水与植被覆盖的影响较气温密切。 关键词:归一化植被指数;青藏高原;时空特征;气候变化 Spatio-temporal variation of vegetation coverage over the Tibetan Plateau and its responses to climatic factors ZHUO Ga , ’.CHEN Sirong .ZHOU Bing 1 Lhasa Branch of Chengdu Institute ofPlateau Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Lhasa 850000,China 2 Tibet Climate Center,Lhasa 850000,China 3 GuangXi Climate Center,Nanning 530000,China 4 tionaZ Climate Center,Beijing 100081,China Abstract:The study of the spatio—temporal distribution of vegetation over the Tibetan Plateau has an important ecological value and practical significance for increased understanding of climate change and ecological environmental protection.Using the monthly normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)with l km resolution,determined using the moderate—resolution imaging spectrometer(MODIS),from 2000 to 20 1 6,and meteorological observations,this study analyzed the distribution of the NDVI over different time scales and its relationship with precipitation and temperature over the Tibetan Plateau based on maximum value composites(MVC),linear trends,and correlation analysis method.The results showed that:1) Vegetation status in the southeastern part of the plateau was healthy than that in the northwest.The distribution pattern of the vegetation was consistent with the spatio—temporal distribution of the regional hydrothermal condition.The coverage area of improved vegetation was larger than the areas with degraded vegetation over the past 17 years,and serious degradation 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(41765012,91644223,41665002) 收稿日期:2017.05—27; 网络出版日期:2018一O1.26 通讯作者Corresponding author.E-mail:zhuoga2013@yahoo.con htto://www.ecologica.ca
9期 卓嘎等:青藏高原植被覆盖时空变化及其对气候因子的响应 3209 areas were mainly situated in the southwest