视频字幕
Chinese New Year（3）
I. Script
Welcome to Hong Kong.Tonight we are inviting you to the world’s biggest party.As all over China,families are getting together to celebrate Chinese New Year.Now we are overlooking Victoria Harbour.This is one of China’s largest and busiest ports. Apart from our boat,it is fairly quiet.That's because this is a national holiday.But don’t be fooled,you see,later on，literally hundreds of thousands of people will gather right here for the highlight of the festivities and we will be joining them on the final leg of a journey that has taken us to the far corners of China to discover how the people here celebrate this the most important time of their year.In this New Year’s day,the first day of the year of monkey and the culmination of our journey.For the last two shows．We witnessed the incredible migration of people all over China,as they travelled home for the Spring Festival.I met families flying home in Beijing Airport.All around me people are coming before New Year.And I get to turn on the very last building.And the Hairy Bikes found out what New Year’s Eve in Beijing was like when they cooked a special reunion supper with a local family.It’s magical,it is great.New Year’s Eve is all about getting together with family,but here in Hong Kong the days after New Year are when the people hit the streets.And we have been right at the heart of the preparations of this spectacular party.We will be celebrating Chinese New Year Hong Kong style.I will be finding out about the ancient art of dragon and lion dancing.It’s surprisingly heavy when you are doing this!Oh,sorry.Let’s go.And I will be enjoying some genuine Hong Kong glamour at the spectacular New Year’s night parade.It’s loud.It’s noisy.It’s a carnival atmosphere.Everybody is dancing.Happy New Year!And the party doesn’t stop in the rest of China.Dave and Si are discovering what Beijingres traditionally do on New Year’s Day.Happy Chinese New Year!In amongst the glazy buildings that line Victoria Harbour are old colonial buildings that were once the headquarters of the British Administration that ran Hong Kong.On the first of July 1997,Hong Kong was formally handed back to China ending 156 years of British rule.Although it shares many cultural with China,as a global center of finance and with its international history.Hong Kong has always maintained its own unique identity.The region of Hong Kong is on the southern coast of China at the Pearl River estuary,an area composed of more than 250 islands,the urban core of Hong Kong is Hong Kong island and Kowloon.Kong is the Chinese world for Harbour and Hong means fragrant or picturesque and indeed before this came the metropolis it is today,it would have been very picturesque,a tiny little fishing community.Now it’s an entirely different sort of picturesque.This is one of the most recognised and photographed skylines in the world.Hong Kong truly is a vertical city.Because of its geography,space is at a premium which means,it has one of highest population densities in the world.There are over7 million people here with 57000 people per square kilometre in places.To house them all, the city has had to build upwards.Today Hong Kong has over 460 skyscrapers 100 metres or taller.London,just 49.And its tallest is the International Commerce Centre.You can take the shard and put Nelson’s column on top three times and it will still be smaller.Hong Kong is one of the world’s most important financial trading centres and is home to 55 billionaires.There are more Rolls-Royc.es per person in Hong Kong than any other city in the world.Plus,last year,one local businessman bought a diamond ring for 32 million pounds.It was for his seven-year-old daughter.Since 1997,Hong Kong has been run as a special administrative region of China，but with own government and law.Unlike much of mainland China，people in Hong Kong speak Cantonese and are fiercely proud of their culture,language and especially their cuisine.So varied is the food here that people fondly joke that Cantonese will eat anything with four legs that isn’t a table！No other city impresses Chinese New Year celebration with such energy,enthusiasm...and sheer expenditure as Hong Kong.Despite its modern appearance,Hong Kong still respect ancient customs at Chinese New Year.Especially when it comes to food.One very popular New Year meal is fish.And throughout the holidays，Hong Kong’s fish markets go into overdrive.This is Aberdeen Fish market.It’s the biggest wholesale fish market in the whole of Hong Kong，and it’s always busy but int the run-up to New Year it’s absolutely frantic.The fish that is sold here will go out to holes,restaurants and food market all over the city.Covering 15700 square metres,it’s a place that reflect Hong Kong’s international flavour with catches coming from as far afield as the USA,Ireland and Australia.Fish from the main market are brought to smaller markets like this one in Bowrington Road and locals will come here everyday to find the freshest fish that Hong Kong has to offer.The choice is overwhelming.Luckily,I have a guide to take me around the market,local chief David Lai.David,one thing I have noticed in Hong Kong is that there don’t seem to be supermarkets anywhere really that most people seem to buy their food in litter street market like this one.In supermarket it tends to be a lot of imported stuff,but at the market it is mostly caught locally.Wherever in the world,you go to the Chinese restaurant,you go to China Town, there is always a fish tank,they always keep their fish alive as much as possible.Right-For example,the fish that is swimming in the tank,they worth almost twice amount as the ones that are out of water.Hong Kong began as a fishing village，so I think people have become used to the idea that,you know,fish should be very fresh.I was just looking when you said how fish it is.I am looking at...there are literally，fish hopping about in the trays.And it is clearly a very important dish for New Year.But why is it?Because there...there seem to be a lot of beliefs around certain foods for this time of year.The word fish,in Chinese,in Cantonese is Yu.Yu means plentiful.Dose that then mean that by eating fish,the idea is that you have a bountiful year coming on?That ‘s the idea！Fish is such an important part of the New Year festivities and the shoppers here are experts when it comes to the best way to prepare it.Can you tell me how you might cook it?I’ll steam it with preserved cabbage.Traditionally,fish should be cooked whole,including the head and tail,to suggest completeness and the head should always face the elders at the table as a mark of respect.Fish should be at the last dish on the menu and it is particularly auspicious to have a little left over at the end. Well,as you can see, the people of Hong Kong are absolutely spoiled when it comes to fish,is really easy for them to have any number of species on their table.But there is a community in north China that has to go to extraordinary lengths to catch fish,as Ant discovered.He travelled thousands of miles north to Chagan Lake.It’s five in the morning.And I’ve come to what feels like the very ends of the earth.This is way of life that has remained unchanged for centuries.I’m traveling with a convoy of fishermen in Jilin Province 1800 miles north-east of Hong kong.This is Chagan Lake.The temperature is an eye watering -40 degrees.Chagan means literally sacred or white.And it is certainly white,that’s because this entire lake is covered in ice up to a metre thick.For locals this is something of a sacred place,that’s because this vast lake is the home of bighead carp.Bighead carp is a local delicacy that the Chinese believe,like all fish,brings good luck for New Year.The people here has been fishing for carp in just this way for over a thousand years,it’s in their blood.This group is led by Mr Zhang,an expert in tracking down shoals of bighead carp.Finding a spot here is no easy task.Chagan Lake is a featureless ice sheet.I look around,all I can see is horizon.It’s 25 miles long and covers a surface of 160 square miles.That’s basically the size of Glasgow.What’s incredible is that Mr.Zhang just seem to know where to look.There’s no street signs,there’s no map.I’d need a sat nav.Our fishing techniques come from years of experience.We know which way the fish swim and we rely on the wind direction.The most difficult part is the freezing temperature on the ice.We are happiest when we catch lots and lots of fish.The more fish,the happier we are!They start by cutting a big hole in the ice.The first hole is critical,it’s the entrance through which they will eventually feed the net.The team launched a 50 metre pole into the water which is attached to a rope like a giant needle and thread which in turn is connected to the net.moving out from here,they dig a series of 200 smaller holes so they can reach through the ice and guide the poll and met in the right direction.Using traditional tools and with ice up to a metre thick, it is tough work.And I’ve offered to help,but I’m not sure the locals are too keen.It’s a sharp metal prod on the end of wooden handle and he is using it to dive into the ice and create these smaller holes.Give me this one,my friend.You can relax.Once they’ve used the axe to pick at the ice and create the hole,we then use the shovel to try and scoop it out.What?What’s wrong?I’m doing my very best,my friend.He makes it look so easy.You see now he has broken through the ice,water is coming through,this hole is almost done.And they are just going for the next one.Whilst they dig more holes,back at the start,it’s time to cast the net.Now the guys are just spreading out making sure it feeds into the hole.That’s an astonishing two kilometres’ long.What happens is If it has any snags,it won’t spread under the ice,so we wanted to spread nicely and catch as many fish as possible.A massive team of people.Everybody knows exactly what they are doing.But absolutely freezing cold.We now have travelled around two kilometres from the first hole we dug in the early hours of this morning.And this is end of our journey.This is the exit hole.It’s here that they gonna pull the net from under the ice.We may be in the middle of nowhere but it draws quite a crowd.Locals buying their fresh fish from the lake mingle with curious tourists looking to take home a New Year’s treat.The net has been under water for three hours now,so it is time to bring it in.Fishing in this way is a traditional method,it’s 1000 years old,and they’re still using those techniques today.This is called capstone and is driven by horsepower.What the horses are doing is they’re rotating a central pivot and pulling the rope through.That rope is drawing the net from under the ice.It’s so heavy that the fishermen themselves wouldn’t be able to do it.They rely on the strength of the horses.The hard it gets,the more weight,the more horses they use.In this case,four horses is enough.It’s pretty strange,there is a kind of expectant calm before the storm.The whole place is really busy.But if feels really quiet.People realize that the catch is coming.After about an hour of the net not really producing an fish,it is now filled to the brim with fish.Wow,wow,wow.They’re pulling it out.Pulling it out.Everybody is just getting involved. There is fish everywhere.There is a real sense of excitement.There are some real monsters in these nets,some massive massive fish.You can feed the whole family with just one of these.This is it,this is the bighead carp that I came here for.Mr Zhang says I can take a fish home.All I need to do is find someone to cook it for me.The harvest takes two hours to pull in and it’s a bumper catch.The fish are packed into baskets and taken back to the shore of the lake where they will be packed and distributed all across China.It’s been a long day.The hole has been a good one.And now we are finally off the ice,I really want to see what all the fuss is about.The traditional way to cook bighead carp is to braise it with chilies,ginger and spring onions.And here it is.It looks and smells absolutely fantastic,doesn’t it?This is the bit I have been waiting for the most after a long hard day grafting on the ice.This is the reward.I get to try the fish.Caught in the morning,cooked in the evening.That is absolutely sensational.You can really taste the flavours.You don’t get fresher this.Guys,dig in,dig in.This is amazing,this is why the people of China really embrace fresh fish in Chinese New Year.The fish is an important animal symbol at Chinese New Year,but there are many others.One powerful,mythical creature that holds enormous significance in Hong Kong and indeed all of China is the Dragon.Think of a Chinese New Year celebration and you are almost guaranteed to see this the ancient tradition of dragon dancing.It is especially important at New Year as Chinese legend has it that dragons are famed for bringing good luck to any new venture.This traditional art still thrives even in 21st-century Hong Kong,where the city’s skilled Dragon dancers are always highly sought after.In Kowloon,Andy know leads the Kwok Kung fu and Dargon Lion Dance Team one of hundreds across China.I have come to see the team’s final preparations for the festivities.Hello.-Good morning.I’m kate.Nice to meet you.My goodness,this is amazing.This is called Dargon dance.And also we call this is daylight Dragon dance.Daylight Dragon dance?What is the significance of the dragon for Chinese New Year?Why is it so important?In your country,the dragon is a little bit evil,right?-Right.But we are not.You are not evil.So your dragon...It’s god.It’s kind.It’s benevolent?Yeah.Also,bring all the good luck,money,happiness to people.So this is a key part of any Chinese New Year celebration is having a dragon being part of that?Yes.Dragon and lion dance and kung fu..Dragon and lion dance and kung fu.So they are all connected?Yeah,yeah,just like..The lion dance is also like this.OK?OK.OK.So you see the Dragon dancer?Can I have a go and just see what it is like to hold?Lovely,OK.Can I?Yeah,yeah.So,this one?Yeah.Traditionally,the dragon was a sign of strength and power and it was often used by China’s emperors as their own symbol.It is surprisingly heavy when you are doing this.The most revered of the the mythical animals,it’s movement in the performance must demonstrate it’s power and dignity,and the longer it is,the more luck it will bring the community.Oh,my goodness.OK.And you do start to feel part of this amazing animal.Sorry.Oh,my goodness.OK.I thought I was quite fit,but you use every part of your body,don’t you?Year.-Every muscle.So that is where the kung fu comes in,that...that physical training.And you are all absolutely working as a team,don’t you?Like breathe together.-Yeah.How long have you been doing this?Because my father is the master,maybe in my mother’s...inside my mother.You were dragon dancing before you wew born!Yeah.But dancing dragons are not the only creatures that play a part in New Year celebrations.There are lions that dance,too.Only the most advanced kung fu artists are allowed to be lion dancers.It takes two performers in complete synchronicity,like a highly acrobatic pantomime horse.Really interesting is that you know,for many people,a lion is a frightening animal,but here it is funny,comic.Yeah.Frightening is just one face for the lion.He also has many other face.Right.just like now,he is drinking wine.It’s brilliant.We will always create some new story to let the performance more modern.More modern,,yeah.It’s brilliant.And do you perform full-time?Is this your full-time profession?This is my full-time,my full time job.So there is enough work?Yeah,yeah,yeah.Andy’s elite team are in demand year-around in Hong Kong and across China.I caught up with them again at their latest booking,a Hong Kong shopping centre’s New Year celebrations.It’s the most incredible performance.If that does not give the shopping centre good luck and prosperity for the rest of the year,I don’t know what will.On New Year’s day,shows like these can be seen across China as people come out for a bit of fresh air.1200 miles north of here, in Beijing,he Hairy Bikers have been finding out what Beijingers get up to on New Year’s Day.In Britain,on January the 1st,New Year’s day,what is the first thing everyone wants to do once they woken up?You have probably spent the day before overindulging so you might think,I need to go for a bit of a walk.Exactly.And in China,it is no different.Now, on New Year,you see,in China,when all the feasting and celebrations are over,the people of China like to come to one of these which is a Temple Fair.It’s a tradition that date back hundreds of years.It’s an opportunity to get out into the open air,you know,to burn off a few calories and go for a stroll with your family or your best chum.What do you have to do?I think the coin has got to cover the round thing.See him!He got it!Get it...What...That was mine.It’s mine.Oh,come on,thrown on and you’ll get presents.It’s a moth.I’m collecting fruit.How nice are they?Oh,great.Here,the monkey.Get us one, Dave.I have.Dave,you are a lovely man.Well,it’s for good luck. But you can’t just rely on a lucky monkey.There are some serious rules you have to follow.If you don’t want to completely mess up the year ahead.Rule number one.No medicine one the first day of the lunar New Year.Because it is believed that if you take any medicine on the first day of the year you will be ill all year.That is no good.Rule two,no porridge.But I like porridge.-You can’t have it.It is a peasant food and you will be eating poor food and be poor all year if you eat porridge on the first day of the year.Rule three,no sweeping because it means you are sweeping away the wealth of the new year to come.Mkae sense.Ni hao.Hello.Happy New Year.Happy New Year.Happy New Year.Now,even granny’s in.Temple Fairs became especially popular during the Qing Dynasty.In Beijing,there are four cosmological temples which occupy the four points of the compass.We have the Sun in the East,Heaven in the south,the Moon in the West,and here,we have the Temple of Earth in the North.At the Temple of Earth,every New Year,the emperor would come to worship the God of Earth.Nowadays,people gathered to watch a re-enactment of this ancient ritual.Where is the Emperor,Si?-There he is. Every year the Emperor would leave his palace in the forbidden city and go and negotiate with the gods for a prosperous and auspicious New Year for the peoplle.It is a real nod to China’s imperial past,isn’t it?Yes, very much so.The Qing Dynasty was the last great imperial dynasty to rule China,until their fall in 1911.Hello,Happy New Year.In recent years,in the People’s Republic of China,there has been a revival of interest in the imperial past.Going back in time,isn’t it?We’ve been given the chance to catch up with the Emperor himself.Mr Qi Xue’en.I have never met an emperor before.That was the most wonderful spectacle.One thing I have learned this New Year,the Chinese have a love of family and a love of tradition,And out there,it just encapsulated all of the love and tradition that you see in modern China.Right.You are exactly right.The Chinese value these very much Ancient Culture,family values,and nationhood are all very interconnected.Dave and I were wondering,the next time that you talk to the gods,can you put a word in for both him and I?Definitely.It’s my duty.From today we’re friends.Right?We are friends.I will remember it forever.Way down south,as night falls,the main New Year’s Day celebrations are just about to get started.Here in Hong Kong,they take celebration to a whole other level.This is the start of the famous night parade which will be kicking off in just a couple of hours.They think it’s going to be the biggest parade ever with 150000 people of more lining the streets.There are going to be 2500 performances tonight,one of whom you might just recognise.My Hong Kong parade preparation has started earlier. This is the backstage area where all the performances gather before heading out onto the route.And there is definitely an atmosphere of anticipation.I am not going to be a spectator this evening,I am actually going to be part of the parade itself and I have the privilege of riding the Hong kong Tourism Board Float and here she is.As you can see,it is brightly coloured with neon lights,and,of course,scatter of monkeys everywhere.The last time someone was allowed to be on a float was in the year 2000,a certain Jackie Chen.A huge audience the parade draws attracts performers from all over the world. "Where are you guys from?"
"The Netherlands,Schiphol."
"Did you make this?"
"Yeah."
"Girls,where are you from?"
"Ireland. " "Scotland. "
There is aways one.There's just time for some final rehearsals. Organising this operation,including over 2,000p performers,is Mason Hung.
"Mason,you are the grandfather of this event.So go back to the ever, very first event. what was it like and why did you start?"
"Originally we…at the beginning we think about something very traditional.But Hong kong is an international city, so we would like to do something in a sense Chinese,but also in a sense international. It has become more colourful and exciting."
"I have the privilege of being on one of the lfloats tonight.Yes，what advice would you give me?"
"Make sure you don't fall off and enjoy!"
As the acts go through a pre-show performance, I make my way back to my personal chariot，which is the very last float in the parade.
" Hey, good luck, guys,happy New Year. Good luck."
That is what is absolutely brilliant about this parade. It is not just professional performers,children, schools,everybody gets involved and there is a real sense of community and global participations.I have got to go and get my jacket on, my red lucky scarf,get on my float and join in this massive parade.As we as the school kids and me, there are other amateur performers here.These dancers are genuine cabin crew. This is it.We are through the gates and the parade has begun. There is our man, the organiser. So the first part is simple,this is the VIP area, there are a thousand VIPs.I'm now being showered with hot metals!I think it's my hair burning.I still have the best view of the parade. Kate's stuck out there somewhere there in the crowd.
"It's a forest of mobile phones and selfies. I'm battling my way hthrough.Look at these lions ,they are just fantastic."
"Happy New Year!"
As we head out on our lap of the city center. we are going to passing some of its most famous landmarks.This is the Clock Tower, built in1915 and it's here as a symbol of migration from Hong Kong.It's the first thing you see when you enter the harbour. And of course, the last thing you see when you leave.Once we pass the tower, we meet the people of Hong Kong.
Everyone's loving the Dragons.And you see in front of all of the dragons, there is somebody carrying a pearl.Everyone is touching it for good luck and that is supposed to represent wisdom.And the dragon is in constant pursue toward wisdom. That is what the pearl means.
This whole city is partying.
"Thank you!"
Amazing, somebody in the crowd has just given me a red envelope，which is a tradition in China，suppose to bring good luck. At Chinese New Year, giving red envelopes is a hugely popular custom.
“ThereT is cash inside. Thank you very much, my friends."
These incredible stilt walkers have come from the Netherlands.Just magical,these dinosaurs.Absolutely glorious .Look you.
We have entered Canton Road ,the Hong Kong's equivalent of our Bond Street and somewhere here should be Kate Humble .
"There she is !I can see her ,there !"
"How are you doing ?"
"Happy New Year ,Miss Humble."
And that's it ,Ant has been the finale of this evening,it's been the most amazing parade. But extraordinarily, the part doesn't end here.Tomorrow we've got a whole new celebration that will get started.
The day after New Year's Day is famous in Hong Kong for its massive firework display. We are up bright and early in anticipation.
"How did it feel to be the finale of the parade last night?"
"It was amazing to be part of a parade that shutdown an entire city and from a performance perspective it is better than a front row seat. I will never forget it."
Many Hong Kong residents today, before the fireworks, will be at home cooking and eating together and as with similar aspects of Chinese New Year, what ythey eat will be carefully chosen to bring them luck and good fortune.
As a visitor yto Hong Kong,to get a taste of home cooked food the places to head for are little food stalls know as Dapaidangs.So a few days ago I paid one a visit.This is central market which I love because it is like this a little traditional enclave tucked away, surrounded on all sides by high-rise buildings and designer shopping malls.Hong Kong foodies head here when they are hankering after a home-cooked food,but they don't want the hassle of cooking themselves. At New Year, dishes are chosen because their name sound similar to other auspicious words. Alan Lou, a local entrepreneur, is going to help me understand this tradition.
"Tell me about this one."
"So you've got a pig's trotter stew. Pig's trotter in Chinese, zhushou shao.It's like easy money, easy fortune."
"Ok. "
"It's served with facai，which sounds like getting rich, becoming wealthy. It's sort of like this wild vegetable.Facai."
"Facai.I mean, I hate to say it, it doesn't look great but it's actually very good.All right.This is close to home cooking as you can get not at home. "
"These places become really popular.For you everyday, getting off work etc. You know, popping-by kind of local eatery."
"Right. Wow, what's this?Thank you!"
"That is the signature dish of Chinese New Year. You've got a turnip cake.which is savory. It's made with dried shrimps, dried scallops and air-dried sausages. They call it migao which is the New Year cake."
"That would keep you going for a week, would it?"
"Yeah. And you have a sweet version of that，which is kind of a rice cake and it's super gooey. "
"It's super gooey.Oh, wonderful. It's caramel-ly. "
"Yeah. Families have like their really old school recipe.I mean it at home and usually it's super delicious."
"So it would be equivalent of, you know,family in the UK cooking a Christmas cake. Recipe that has been passed down the family for three generations.So, Alan, how would you spend New Year with your family?"
"Obviously, eating endlessly!It just doesn't stop, you know. You eat all day long."
"How many meals are you having in a day?"
"You mean apart from breakfast, lunch and dinner?"
There is another food that is completely ubiquitous in China,well, not just in China, all over the world. But just because it is commonplace,doesn't mean that it isn't just as important for every New Year table.
You can be certain of finding one food anywhere in China. Here in Beijing, noodles are on almost every menu.If you are the manufacturer of instant noodles, then you are onto a good thing.The Chinese consume more instant noodles than any other nation in the world，getting through 40 billion packs a year. But noodles are more than just a convenient snack，they are part of the culture. CChinese archaeologists even discovered them in the ruins of a 4,000 year old house. They are particularly important for birthdays and Chinese New Year.While one noodles in particular and that's the longevity noodles，because it is supposed to symbolise long life. Now don't think of longevity noodles as a single strand like spaghetti. It's actually made in one enormously long length and producing them is quite an art. The longer the noodles, the more luck and long life you get.So I travelled an hour outside Beijing to meet the chef Li Hui,holder of the Shanghai Great World Guinness record for rthe longest handmade noodles.
"Nihao, good morning, Mr Li. How are you?"
"Nihao."
"What type of flour are you using here"
"I'm using wheat flour. Only wheat flour has the consistency I want."
"And you've got some big mixing machines, but are the bestt noodles always made by hand?"
"It's better to mix by hand because when you use your hands you have the right feeling. Making noodles, a machine can't replace a human because there is a feeling within this and you have to feel it with your heart."
Making longevity noodles requires not only skill but patience as well.And two hours later we are ready to roll. I wonder what Paul Hollywood would make of this technique.
"Like that.All the way along."
"Yes."
After a lot of rolling you end up with something much longer.So our dough has been rolled, rested, rolled, rested,rolled, rested,three times and it now looks like this and the next stage, apparently, involves a performance.Uncolling.
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