语法填空解题技巧
近年高考考点总结：
语法填空分“无提示词”和“有提示词”两种题型。
1. 无提示词题， 即没有提示词的纯空格题
一般是6个或7个小题，近年来，只考查了代词、冠词、关联词（连词）和介词等四类词；
2. 有提示词题， 即用括号中所给词的正确形式填空，
一般是4个或3个小题，至今只考查了谓语动词的时态和被动语态、非谓语动词、形容词或副词的比较级、词类转化等四种情况。
解题思维导图
根据设题规律，可将语法填空题的基本思路归纳成下表：
●有提示题的解题技巧
是指“使用括号中词语的正确形式填空”这类题，五年来的高考题只考查谓语动词的时态和被动语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较级、词类转化等四种情况。
方法探究1
1.(2011)He ______________ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.
2.(2010)After a four-day journey, the young man _______ (present) the water to the old man. His teacher took a deep drink.
3. (2009)...people stepped on your feet or _______(push) you with their elbows (肘部), hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.
4.(2009)“Your father has at last decided to stop smoking, ” Jane ____________(inform).
5.(2008) Being too anxious to help an event develop often ______(result) in the contrary to our intention.
6.(2007)I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting when my car _____(break) down near a remote village.
归纳总结：
当句子缺少谓语动词时, 括号中的动词就是_____动词。此时, 要根据语境确定用哪种时态, 根据主语与该动词的主动或被动关系确定用主动语态还是用 ____语态。
方法探究2
1.(2011)I noticed a man _________(sit) at the front.
2.(2009)She wished that he was as easy ______ (please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume.
3. (2008)For example, the proverb, “plucking up a crop ________ (help) it grow”, is based on the following story.
4. (2009) ______(bite) twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.
归纳总结：
当句中已有谓语动词又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列,该动词就是__________。
此时,就要根据非谓语动词的用法确定用具体的某种形式。如作主语或宾语，就用______ (一般)或不定式形式(具体)；作目的状语或在形容词后作状语,用__________；作伴随状语或作定语,要根据与逻辑主语的关系,用现在分词或过去分词;有时也要根据句式搭配来确定,如see/hear/ notice sb. do/doing sth. ,spend...doing sth.等
方法探究3
1.(2011)I left it early because I had an appointment _____(late) that day.
2.(2010)The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be _______(sweet).
3.(2008)...he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day... he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” ______(high).
4.(2010惠州三模)Once a habit is formed, it is difficult, and sometimes _________ (possible), to get rid of. It is therefore very important that we pay great attention to the formation of habits.
归纳总结：
当括号中所给词是形容词或副词,且空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词时,要根据语境,理解句意,若该词意思不变,逻辑上讲得通,就很可能填该词的______(或最高级)；若需要用与该词意义相反的意思，逻辑才通顺的，就要在该词前加表示否定或相反意义的前缀。
注意：要善于分析语境,辨别省略了than...的隐性比较级(如上述1～3题)。
方法探究4
1.(2011)He must be ________ (mental) disabled.
2.(2010)His teacher took a deep drink, smiled _______(warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.
3.(2009)But Jane knew from past experience that her ______(choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.
4.(2008)This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _______(nature) course.
5.(2007)We drank together and talked _______(merry) till far into the night.
6. He failed his maths examination because of his ________(care) work.
7.In Alaska, the wolf almost ________ (appear) a few years ago, because hunters were killing hundreds of them for sport.
归纳总结：
当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时,就需要词类转化。我们可据以下3条顺利解题：
(1)作主语或宾语用_____形式；
(2)作定语、表语或补足语用______形式;
(3)修饰动词、形容词或另一副词,作状语,用____形式。
注意：
(1)有时不但要注意词性转换, 而且还要考虑用表示相反意义的前缀或后缀, 其逻辑意义才通顺(如上述第6题)；
(2)当所给词的词性与空格处所需词的词性相同时, 无需改变词性, 就可能是加只改变词义但不改变词性的前缀了(如上述第7题)。
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