[Abstract] This article is based in Zhejiang province Jingnin Marriage Culture of Tourism Development, Wedding She elaborated overview, content and functionality of Marriage Culture Changes in modernization of the defects, and from the government, developers, aboriginal perspective proposed develop reasonable and effective measures, so as to future Jingnin folk tourism development and construction to provide help and learn.
[Keywords:] Marriage Culture, She Marriage, Jingning, tourism development
Zhejiang Jingning She Autonomous County is the only country, is famous She rural, eco-village, township bridges, with authentic She style, vast green forest landscape, beautiful river spectacular waterfall landscape, mysterious touching folklore, people ideal sightseeing, summer vacation, recreation eco resort author mainly Jingnin Marriage Culture development issues as a research cut point in the analysis of development characteristics, the development on the basis of the status quo through field surveys analyze its problems and puts forward the development of ideas, research strategies accordingly.
A
Shes shes Marriage meaning and function of marriage form, concept of marriage, marriage and marriage customs are way bears the unique and rich cultural implication, its in-depth, sophisticated, not only can pry out shes deep cultural roots, you can also sort out She historical and cultural development context. Shes Marriage is not just a traditional customs, but also implies an act of culture. called behavioral culture, most scholars believe is between material culture and spiritual culture of the question of 'third culture 'in the social history of human creation, dissemination, possession, enjoying material wealth and spiritual wealth of human behavior reflected the course of events, it focuses on the study of human behavior. Shes people in the marriage ceremony will be held during the , has a lot more special methods, these methods either directly borrowed from certain acts in daily life, while others are certain acts Et everyday life variants, but these behaviors attached on 'marriage' word , resulting in a profound cultural connotations.
She Marriage in Jingning folk tourism development has the following functions: One is economic function. Shes Marriage is Jingning folk tourism development of key projects, featuring performances of Jingning She Marriage local tourism economy brought good economic benefits of the author in the field survey also found that many tourists are specifically to watch the show shes Marriage, and team-oriented. Secondly adaptation function in the process Shes marriage, kinship groups, individuals and rites of passage, such as 'Feed Lang ceremony ',' Weeping' and so enhance the individual's family attachment and association, so that more harmonious relationship between the two will help build a harmonious family.
Meanwhile, shes through wedding, highlighting the strengthening of the relationship between the neighborhood and exchanges to promote solidarity had a great advantage. Third, cultural functions. Shes Marriage profound connotation, reflects the people's traditional life and culture Shes By performing She Marriage , enabling tourists to better understand the essence of culture Shes.
Second, the traditional shes Marriage Culture
She married team has' relatives Bo '~ person (man Plenipotentiary), 'high media,' one person,' OK Lang 'They (antiphonal singing and Sedan Chair person), 'car Lang' They (those who transported dowry),' Regardless connected '(lantern escorts the bride who is often called the 'rip mother') two people, a number of people who carry the dowry, and has two' according to fire Lang '(to be out at night of late).
If the line 'borrow wok married ', then even a' when-door car Lang '(on behalf of her husband brought the chef). Headcount to scrape nos (return likewise), but avoid '18', '24 ' two numbers. wedding team to reach the bride's home before dawn, unique and interesting married ceremony began.
The first is the woman 'highwaymen. 'Wedding team to the woman near the village, namely Ming firecrackers messenger. Woman's' wife Farm wives' were heard later, that the road to the highway diesel thorns mouth, barricaded several places, blocking its traffic, etc. matchmaker handed envelopes only after withdrawal of roadblocks release.
This resistance 'abducting 'in as.
The second aspect is the 'closed wedding. 'Wedding team in front of the line to the woman's home, the woman' wife Farm wives' who has since bolted the door 'confrontation. '
Matchmaker such that at the door kept the sound of firecrackers, the woman also in the door yard right place, like a melee. Then the door opened a slit the woman, the man's relatives handed him a pair of small red envelopes before wedding team to open the door to the house. Chickens after Holi is Red palanquin carried into the bride's home hall, the woman's wedding 'use of man 'took kill the man with the chicken, the chicken sprinkled with blood viscosity at room wall, two columns and two doors on the box, and then thrown on the chicken from the car roof, commonly known as' leaching sedan evil. '
The fourth aspect is the 'fire cage Nuanjiao. 'She formerly prevailed' OK marry' (walking), the red car is influenced by the Han, the car fully prepared with bamboo, compact and lightweight, or cloud 'bamboo species Phoenix Mountains, 'said Red car parked in the yard after the door aside, underlay tub, sedan feet stick to. sedan later still hanging rice sieve, mirrors, scissors and feet and other objects to the town of evil, which is bent along the southern area of witchcraft. charged after car , the woman 'governing by 'cage filled with a charcoal fire, place the woman back from the fire man race, suggesting prosperous married life, a flourishing population. probably saved ancient fire in the riots when the first act variation ceremony.
Fifth aspect is the 'check pro-lift ritual. 'The man pick to put nave Zhuoan gift, Ming incense Candle point after relatives in the hall right hand, large to small one by one investigation to discuss the woman's relatives greeted representatives and accountant, kitchen hall other major reason people that were on the Church, pushed the 'big edge '(left-hand side) and relatives Xing ceremony, expressing respect for maternal relatives, She people call' high head married women, short head to discuss female.' 'Kill home Bo 'If the wrong position, were responsible for the 'do not know the rules.' both bowed to the other taken after each step the right foot with both hands touch each lower body, commonly known as' pick escargot 'Adoration is the father of variation remains, emphasis on the status of his father's blood.
Sixth aspect is the 'Bong pagoda tea. 'Wedding team to enter the woman's living room sitting posture, the woman harem Representative first offer tea to give them some places harem end to the' relatives' is folded into a bucket tray holding three treasure put five bowl of tea (on 1, 3, next), to 'relatives Bo' one person connected to distributed to the matchmaker, 'OK Lang 'and'' car Lang', with their wisdom to make things difficult' relatives Bo. ' 'relatives Bo 'How to pick tea, when there are fixed, if the bowl upset, not only to the red envelope, but also was ridiculed. Then the woman's male directors were also matchmaker plate holder jug to him, and asked'' is still riding the line goes from coming. 'Matchmaker if we say 'the line goes from' line caused by the rain, we should give matchmaker alcoholism, if say 'horse comes ', and envelopes placed in dish, he is speaking words pleased color away. these are difficult, test man Escorting people move.
Seventh aspect is' borrowed wok. 'Escorting people use tea, 'off sandals' (snack), the line of' collar drinks, 'married Miriam's' When the door car Lang 'that end Tongpan (SRE one pair of knife Candle meat and red envelopes, etc.) into the kitchen holding 'borrow wok 'ceremony. means a woman should feast degrees snacks are picked from the man, the man cook' When the door car Lang 'to bow in front of the woman cooks, chefs took place stove Tongpan 'When the door car Lang' first say a few words Qian opening, ie read a bunch of riddle-like 'pity wok 'word, the woman' wife Farm wives' were multiple things difficult, to say that one should re-read it drain.
Cookware 'borrowed 'Qi' when the door car Lang 'also chickens, scrubbing pots, fire. Chickens, if there is a drop of chicken drops out of the bowl, the penalty should drink .158. A bowl of wine, harem who deliberately Push the left push the right to make chicken sprinkled the blood out of the bowl away.
Backboard, the womenfolk are constantly toward the pot sprinkle bran, leaves, etc., so that the brush is not clean, but 'when door car Lang 'meat down the pot, you can not sprinkle. Fires burning when trying to make a total vain, will even cast a charcoal stove pipe catchy, 'when door car Lang used 'in the Chuihuo, lips that glue the black circle, but' when the door vehicle Boy 'have a way to deal with these ceremonies completed,'
When the door car Lang 'hands flat side knife with a red envelope to the woman cooks bow, the woman took a kitchen knife chef will adjust to the side edge to 'when door car Lang' in return, that is willing Daipao,' borrow wok 'end of the ceremony.
She eighth aspect is that ancestor worship relic 'Please ancestors. '
Woman chef will SanSheng offerings and main dishes each containing a bowl and a packet of biscuits placed Zuzong Tang ago, lit candles, by the division of public shes female Fang Zuzong to benefit from your wedding and it is different from the usual ritual, wine glasses with the surname to the number the same number of items. thundering last name is 'big, small, hundred, thousand, million, 'five, www.fsjct.net www.14se.net www.sanheshun.net with five blue surname, there are' big, small, hundred, thousand, million, read' five, they have set six cups wine, surnamed Zhong no'' one thousand ', and is the 'big, small, one hundred, ten thousand, read' five. This number represents both the vertical size of the seniority of the algebra, but also represents five or six groups, including the gods, the Taoist god , touts god, Ares, God of hunting, including gods and ancestral god group system.
Finally, there is Marriage Culture Shes the most distinctive 'night antiphonal singing. 'Welcome home troops to the woman, the woman singer first with'' Car Boy' song for a while, commonly known as' Crash car Lang. 'After noon until the second day morning chair up, both the woman and the man's two female singers' OK Lang 'antiphonal singing. Google's content and Customs procedures generally consistent from choose an auspicious day, engagement began, until they get to the' red car up 'and finally sing << Zodiac >> pressure songs doors, which means that all of you thank .. these songs are collectively referred to as 'married female singer. 'However, in most cases, the woman singer often insert some songs and Sage song, with an overwhelming' OK Lang' for the win thing. Hiei battle of wits, it is particularly fond of listening. Feast on the seats when the woman to urging people to drink, will sing the song >> << urging people to drink, quasi-midnight snack snacks song sung << >>, are back to sing with 'OK Lang ' listen back to eating, feast is still singing constantly.
It is worth pondering, this traditional marriage customs She has been the over-commercialization. Shes Marriage tourism development in folklore as a commodity to show to the tourists. Marriage customs officer is basically not aboriginal performers, mostly from She Folk Art Troupe County, vocational high schools employ such other personnel, and then come together for a unified rehearsal, presented to tourists shes Marriage is not complete, but the interception of the entertainment, commercial, strong plot, such as welcome, weddings, roadblocks and other business opportunities to be made part. Moreover, these actors 17I after day of performances showed apathy, lack of interaction phenomena, greatly reducing the true meaning of marriage customs She led to many tourist who became a tourist consumers said they would not come back for Marriage local experience.
Third, tourism development Jingning use of SHE Marriage Problems (a) performance of the stage as the tendency of serious wedding Shes a part of the traditional culture, has its own seriousness and strict procedures. Shes a real traditional marriage customs Etiquette generally have ten links, in the middle there are many details to pay attention, the specific details of the presentation in front Marriage www.jich.net www.boxuelun.com www.huayueting1.com She has been mentioned in detail from the perspective of the protection of national culture, these traditional etiquette is not at liberty to change, but Shes Marriage in the development of local tourism in the process, did not respect the local ethnic wedding program, regardless of the occasion and the content, only the immediate economic benefits, one-sided cater to the tastes of tourists, select only shes wedding performative and entertaining part of the show to tourists , leading to performances of Shes Marriage, vulgarization development. Meanwhile, Marriage performer day after day, year after year repeat performances perfunctory, visitors for this no meaning, no real emotion difficult to generate interest in the show. From one pair of tourists in Jingning She Marriage watching performances impression of survey data analysis shows that satisfaction is only about 20%, the intermediate state evaluation (ie, 'like') accounted for 45%, that'' featureless 'and ' 'Poor' tourists accounted for 35%.
In other words, there are up to 80% of the tourists on the evaluation of poorly performing She Marriage of the field are also involved in the investigation, I feel a moment of such performances can only meet the freshness of visitors, but can not form a long-term tourist attraction.
(Two) Guest performers for such reference number l Wedding relatively poor general health, marriage customs in tourism resources for the development process, there are two common forms, one is in the form of museums, using pictures for visitors, the lack of participation Majesty, the other is the more flooding Wedding travel patterns - Marriage performances, this model seems there is a potential involvement Majesty, but in fact this type of performance is only a few tourists came to invite to play the groom , bride, most of the tourists are still as viewers, visitors relatively low participation of I students in local performances Marriage Culture Tourism Zone, the bride is usually served by local residents 'bride', inviting tourists play 'groom' to participate in performances.
In addition, there is a relatively complete Wedding performances, will be asked to play the other male tourists' red Lang 'role, apart from a few male tourists can directly participate Wedding experience, the other female travelers and tourists, most men only as bystanders, participatory relatively poor.
(Three) Wedding Tourism Development presents commercialization, vulgarization features many scenic spots in the economic interests of the drive, unscrupulous design tourism projects, as the visitors 'ripped off' Marriage display the contents of an object does not have the culture and the local minority characteristics, some area even casually fabricated, invented some of Marriage arbitrary content.
The author in the field visits found that many SHE folk performers tourist area most non She people can not accurately show the true authentic Shes Marriage Culture Our interview on local residents learned that, in fact, a long time ago shes residents Marriage is not so busy, the bride and groom are the middle of the night to go home, but now generally implement modern wedding local aborigines have rarely taken the traditional ritual of the Shes Marriage.
Fourth, shes Marriage Jingning tourism development in the rational use of recommendations (a) for the positioning of the tourism industry to be reasonable Jingning tourism economic development in various regions play different roles, so the local governments on tourism positioning is different. In a strong dependence on the tourism destination areas, tourism is positioned as a local pillar industries, in a strong dependence on tourism regions, tourism is positioned as a key industry, dependence on the tourism industry in general areas Tourism is positioned as general industry. higher positioning of the tourism industry, the government, the higher the development of tourism enthusiasm. Jingning SHE folk tourism local government has positioned as a local pillar industries, but capital, technology, management, lack of strength . Therefore, Jingning local government preferential policies for the conditions to attract foreign capital, technology and management resources blindly attract investment phenomenon appeared unrealistic to pursue the commercialization of tourism products, without any analysis attract foreign cultural factors. Meanwhile, in order attract more resources, the local also putting too many rights, including even decisions of Tourism Development. Obviously, tourism developers have too much control over the local government will develop the tourism bring coordination and control difficult.
(Two) developers to make reasonable use Shes Marriage Culture From the economic perspective, the developers in the development of tourism resources, will the pursuit of profit maximization as the fundamental principle of this spending for tourists seeking to maximize the number and tendency to make both tourists flooded tourist destination, will lead to social spending approached technology, changing the concept of tourism to social awareness, cultural psychology, leading to tourist places much change in social and cultural environment. developer of tourism resources development is a 'double-edged sword. 'On the one hand, the developer broke the tourist stabilize the circulatory system, social and cultural environment for tourism to the cycle of the system into a variety of material, cultural elements, on the other hand, one-sided pursuit of economic developers maximize efficiency, resulting in changes in socio-cultural environment Tourism alienation. developers in order to cater to the tastes of tourists, the local traditional culture of commodification packaging, as long as profitable, some of the local Marriage Culture will become a bulk copy of the object. Such time with clips, clips Marriage Culture intention to build Shes so Jingnin local cultural specificity and evolution ignored is not advisable.
(Three) Marriage Aboriginal culture from folk tourism development to benefit the residents affected by the social and cultural environment is not intervenors (tourists) the result of unilateral action. (Continued on page 169) local tourist ethnic contact with tourists as the main body of the crowd, their attitudes to foreign culture and participation in tourism activities will affect the extent of tourism and cultural tourism to the formation of a new fact, different residents The reaction of foreign culture is not the same, the effect of the interaction with visitors is not the same author Jingning in-depth investigation found Jingnin Aboriginal characterized mainly reflected in the extent of the residents involved in tourism. Jingnin Aboriginal participation in tourism include the following aspects, one is involved in tourism activities.
In tourism activities, Aboriginal playing different roles and some residents She plays the role of service personnel, some of the residents She played the role of the sale of goods, some are playing the role of managers, some playing the role of investors, some of which are set in a variety of roles in different roles for different power control of tourism activities, concerns are also different interests, share of income is different, and thus also exposed some economic problems. two are involved in local tourism management decision-making in local tourism development decisions, whether shes Aboriginal participation in resource development and protection would affect their relationship with local governments, businessmen, tourists relations. many tourist places conflicts often arise because in the tourism development decision not to listen to local residents voices Jingning SHE folk in the development of tourism was no exception. RESIDENTS are set to travel outside the decision-making system, a direct result of the entire tourism destination system intersubjective uncoordinated, leading to a negative impact on the local social and cultural effects. Third is involved in local tourism income distribution. Aboriginal participation in tourism is the ultimate goal revenue from which deserves as long as in the open development SHE folk travel to meet these three points, shes Marriage Culture community identity will be more consistent.
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