听说原文
Unit 1
Passage:
All parents want to raise a happy, successful and loving child，but there is little agreement about how best to reach this goal. Over the years，parents have tried dramatically different ways. They have put their baby on a schedule, or they have fed on demand; they have let their baby cry himself to sleep，or they have picked him up as soon as he cried; they have given their child whatever he wants，or they have taught him to get everything through his own efforts. These contrasting parenting strategies arise from quite different views of the nature of children and childhood and the roles of parents. Some parents view their child as naturally social. To them，their job is to allow him the space to succeed. Others think that their child should be taught how to act. There are probably positives and negatives to each method. None of them guarantees that your child will become the loving individual you want him to be. But some things are certain－a child will be more likely to be loving if you show him love，more successful if you give him examples of success，and happier if you are happy.
Task 2:
It’s difficult to know what is truly happening inside a relationship. Though a woman might appear to be happy，she may be a victim of violence. And though a man may appear to be gentle, he might not actually be. Every year estimates range from 3.4 million acts of violence against a wife or girlfriend to 3 .9 million in this small country.
This is bad news. Unfortunately, there is more. Nearly one-third of women reported being beaten by a husband or boyfriend at some point in their lives. Some of this violence resulted in injuries that required a doctor’s care. Thirty-seven percent of women who sought emergency room treatment for violence-related injuries in 2005 were injured by their own husbands or boyfriends. What’s more, twenty-six percent of all female murder victims in 2006 were killed by their partners.
What this means is that we as a society must look for the signs of violence. Do you know someone who often gives poor excuses for being hurt? Maybe you should talk with her about violence. Often a woman will stay in a violent relationship because she believes her husband or boyfriend loves her. But she should know that violence does not equal love.
Task 3:
Who doesn’t love being in love? A true love listens to talk about work, lets you have that last 1)slice of pie, and (usually) remembers to take out the trash. He is ready to forget all kinds of 2)misunderstandings . And he always thinks you’re 3)beautiful , even without makeup.
Scientists have long been keen to prove that love gives us health 4)benefits too. Researchers can’t say for sure that a lover is more important than a loving family or warm friendship when it comes to 5)wellness . But they are learning more about how a romantic partner makes us stronger, with health gains that 6)range from faster healing and better control over illnesses to living longer.
The benefits of love are 7)explicit and measurable. A study last year from the University of Pittsburgh found that women in good marriages have a much lower risk of hear disease than those in high-stress relationship. The National Love and Health Study 8) has been tracking more than a million subjects since 1979 . The study shows that married people live longer, 9)have fewer heart attack and lower cancer rates , and even get pneumonia less frequently than singles. A new study from the University of Iowa also found that caner patients with 10)a strong sense of connection to others and in satisfying relationships were better able to fight off cancer. It seems that love helps people strengthen their immune systems.
Unit 2
Passage:
It is very important to exercise. Many studies have shown that regular activity and exercise can improve overall health substantially. Exercise reduces the risk of heart disease by up to 35%, stroke by about 28%, certain cancers by 20% and more, and high blood pressure by an amazing 52%. Exercise can also help you to build healthy bones and muscles. Athletes must do physical training on a regular basis to increase their level of performance. Exercising includes walking, running, biking and plenty of other activities as well. My advice would be to pick something you enjoy doing and wouldn’t mind pursuing on a regular basis. Then, you must stick to a schedule. You can even pick a few different activities to mix things up and keep it interesting. Also, always stretch before physical activity! This is very important as you do not want to pull muscles. Most importantly, to keep a healthy body you must stay ACTIVE!
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Unit 3
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Young people go to school to gather information, become respectable members of society, and prepare themselves either for university study offer employment. And it is a teacher’s job to help students accomplish these goals. But are public school teachers doing a good job?
A recent report has an answer-NO. And the details are disturbing. For one, researchers claim that 57% of all class time is wasted. During this time, no teaching or learning is actually taking place, as teacher has given this time to students to do whatever that wish. If students want to talk to friends or play computer games, that is what they do. Secondly, teaching are neglecting their classes by sometimes not even being in the room with their students. According to the report, teachers spend 33% of the time outside of the classroom where their students can’t see them. Thirdly, and probably most disturbing of all, 10% to 12% of teachers are drunk when they are giving their lessons.
It is clear that sth must change if public schools wish to help students accomplish their goals. And it seems that teachers should be supervised if improvements are to be made.
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Unit 4
Passage:
I am not only a painter，but a student of art. Sometimes，I don’t quite understand why a piece of art is so popular，or why it means what it does to people .Such was the case when I first thought about American Gothic，Grant Wood’s famous painting of two farmers，
American Gothic was inspired by a trip that Wood made in 1930.He saw a house that was built in the 1870s or 1880s，and he was very attracted to its strong design. He then made a quick sketch，went back to his studio，and began his painting immediately. In addition to his sketch made that year，he used an 1890 photograph to help him.
The painting was strongly criticized by people who thought it made fun of simple farmers .I admit，I once thought the same thing，To me，great paintings are ones that try to understand people，not to laugh at them .And I didn’t like American Gothic. When I saw the painting in person，I recognized the strength in the faces of the farmers。I started to see that the artist was expressing the strength of simple American farmers .This is why so many people see the painting as a symbol of the US.
Task 2
Violent computer games might be teaching children to be violent。Adult movies may be teaching children to use unacceptable language。But what is being taught by Barbie dolls? Many people throughout the years have complained about Barbie dolls. Here are a couple of their complaints.
For one，people say that Barbie encourages an unrealistic image. The doll’s waist is too thin，her neck is too long，and her breasts are too big. Some parents and doctors are concerned about the ideas this gives to young girls. They say that young girls grow up with an idea of beauty that is simply impossible. Young girls will stop from eating，exercise too much，and still they cannot match up with Barbie.
Barbie also seems to be living in a mostly white world. Barbie is white and her boyfriend is white。Defenders of Barbie say this complaint is not fair, and they point to the many Babies of different races .In 1978，Mattel，the company that makes Barbie，came out with a Hawaiian Barbie. Then they followed this up with a Black Barbie in 1979，an Asian Barbie in 1981，and an Indian Barbie in 1982.
Task 3
Unit 5 Passage
Are you afraid to die? We asked over 57,000 adults this question and others in a poll. Before we conducted the poll, we had an idea of what sort of answers we would receive. We expected around 90 percent of the people to admit a great fear of death, and most of them, up to 70 percent, to say they were afraid of what comes after death. But it wasn’t the case, not at all.
A surprising 80 percent of people responding to the poll said they didn’t fear death at all. Twelve percent said they feared death only a little, and only eight percent reported great fear associated with death.
However, people are not without worries. The people we polled answered the other questions, saying, though they didn’t fear death, they feared the problems leading up to death. The biggest of theses problems had to do with close family members. Adults with children overwhelmingly said they worried about children who would have to watch them die. The process of watching someone die is incredibly difficult, and parents didn’t want their children to see them go through it. Interestingly enough, however, most of the people who said this also said they wanted to care for their own parents as their parents became elderly.task 2:
Unit 6
Passage:
How should we feel when told the earth is going to die? Should we feel responsible? Troubled? Upset? I don’t think so. I’ve come to realize that mankind is unable to “kill” the earth. Yes, we can change it. But he earth has been changed before, and has not died yet.
For example, during the past 1.65million years, there have been four major, and many minor, episodes of global cooling. These episodes resulted in the southward surge of huge fields of glacial ice in both North America and Eurasia. These episodes also caused great migrations of animals and plants. And yet, the earth remained.
The earth also survived greater changes, ones that caused mass extinctions of animals. During a six-to-eight-million-year time period around 380 million years ago, only 300 species groups were left in existence. And still, the earth remained. It would’ve survived if only 250 or 200 groups had lived, or even 100.
So what should we do when we are told that the earth will die? Well, we probably shouldn’t listen. The earth will survive. We, on the other hand, may not. And so, it is in our best interest to conserve resources and defend ourselves against natural disasters.
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Unit7
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Unit 8
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