初中[英语]完形填空 阅读理解知识点总结和题型总结

【英语】完形填空 阅读理解知识点总结和题型总结

一、完形填空

1．完形填空

    Mulin is a boy from Hubei. He is a（n） 1  boy. His parents divorced（离婚）when he was two years old. He lived with his 2  and grandmother. 3  the age of 5, his father died of heart disease. He had to live with his grandmother. Unfortunately, there was 4  wrong with his grandmother's head. He 5  his grandmother well. At the same time, he got 6  grades at school. When he was ten, he took his grandmother to see a 7  in Wuhan with some people's help. They lived in Wuhan for a month. He had 8  time to go out because he had to look after his grandmother.

    He called 9  a "Sunshine Boy". He 10  happy every day. But when the reporter asked him 11  he was really so happy，he said he wasn't. He didn't want to show his unhappiness to his grandmother. He told the 12  that when he was unhappy，he wrote the unhappy things on the paper with which he folded a model 13 .When the plane flew away, he felt relaxed.

    When the reporter asked him if he felt sorry to 14  so many lessons because of going to Wuhan, he said the lessons he missed could be learned later, but if his grandmother missed the best time to cure, there would be nothing to get the chance 15 .

What a good boy! We should learn from him.

【答案】 （1）B；（2）B；（3）A；（4）A；（5）D；（6）A；（7）C；（8）D；（9）B；（10）C；（11）B；（12）D；（13）C；（14）C；（15）A；

【解析】【分析】文章大意：木林是一个湖北男孩。他是个不幸的孩子，父母离婚，父亲去世，奶奶生病，但是他很阳光，既照顾了父母又能把学习搞好宁可耽误学习也要先把奶奶的病看好。多好的孩子啊！我们应该向他学习。

（1）句意：他是个不幸的孩子。A.幸运的；B.不幸的；C.有礼貌的；D.没有礼貌的，根据后面的叙述可知，父母离婚，爸爸去世，奶奶生病，所以说他是个不幸的孩子，故答案是B。

（2）句意：他跟爸爸和奶奶生活。A.妈妈；B.爸爸；C.妹妹；D.弟弟，根据 His parents divorced（离婚）when he was two years old. 可知，他要跟爸爸和奶奶一起生活，故答案是B。

（3）句意：在五岁的时候，她爸爸食欲心脏病。at the age of在……岁时，固定搭配，故答案是A。

（4）句意：不幸的是，他奶奶的头有毛病了。There is something wrong with sth.某物出了毛病，固定句式，故答案是A。

（5）句意：他把奶奶照顾地很好。A.看……；B.向上看；C.寻找；D.照看，根据前文叙述可知，奶奶生病了，所以她要需要照顾奶奶，故答案是D。

（6）句意：同时，他获得了好成绩。A.好的；B.坏的；C.大的；D.小的，根据文章内容可知，作者想要表达的是，他不但把奶奶照顾得好，而且学习也好，因此使用good，故答案是A。

（7）句意：当他十岁的时候，在人们的帮助下他带奶奶去武汉医生。A.电影；B.节目；C.医生；D.朋友，see a doctor看医生，固定搭配，故答案是C。

（8）句意：他几乎没有时间出去，应为他必须照顾奶奶：few很少，修饰可数名词much许多，修饰不可数名词，many许多，修饰可数名词，little，几乎没有，修饰不可数名词根据 he had to look after his grandmother. 可知他没有时间出去，time是不可数名词，因此使用little修饰，故答案是D。

（9）句意：他称他自己“阳光男孩”。A.他；B.他自己；C.她；D.他自己，当主语和宾语是同一人时，宾语使用反身代词，主语是he，反身代词用himself，故答案是B。

（10）句意：他看起来每天都很高兴。A.闻起来；B.尝起来；C.看起来；D.感觉，根据下文的叙述可知他并不是时时刻刻都高兴，他的高兴是装出来的，所以只能是表面上看着高兴，故答案是C。

（11）句意：当记者问题是否真的这么高兴时，他说不高兴。A.那，那个；B.如果，是否；C.在哪里；D.为什么，根据ask可知从句具有疑问的意思，句子结构完整，因此使用if连接，故答案是B。

（12）句意：他告诉记者，当他不高兴的时候，他会把不高兴的是写在纸上，然后把这张纸折叠乘飞机。A.作家；B.读者；C.老师；D.记者，根据 hen the reporter asked him 可知这里是告诉记者，故答案是D。

（13）句意：他告诉记者，当他不高兴的时候，他会把不高兴的是写在纸上，然后把这张纸折叠乘飞机。A.自行车；B.火车；C.飞机；D.轮船， 根据When the plane flew away, he felt relaxed. 可知把纸折叠成了飞机模型。故答案是C。

（14）句意：当记者问他是否因为去武汉而错过这么多的课而遗憾，A.得到；B.抓住，赶上；C.想念，错过；D.忘记，根据前面的叙述可知，他陪奶奶看病了，所以会缺好多课，故答案是C。

（15）句意：他缺的课以后还可以学，但是如果奶奶错过了最好的治疗时机，这样的机会就没有了。A.向后；B.向上；C.离开；D.向下，get sth.back，拿回，取回，固定搭配，故答案是A。

【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。

2．完形填空

    We kids have different ways to get in touch with each other now. And 1  the old, they'd like to go to the market or 2  each other's houses, but for the young, we kids needn't follow the ways of doing so, The 3  way for us to get in touch and make 4  is to use the communication tools like QQ. So we can make friends 5  through the Internet. Maybe we do not 6  all these "friends" well. We add friends only 7  we seem cooler with more friends online.

    Then how do we kids 8  in touch with friends online? We make it by sending messages to each other. At times," friends" 9  "be missing" for months 10  a message. Is this the friendship in the 21st century?

    Of course, using these communication tools is not  11  for saying "Hi, what's up?". Some of us have found long-lost classmates and friends 12  these tools. And at times we go to a movie or get together to kill time. What's more, we kids can 13  our friends' favorite music when we are on the Internet.

    Believe it or not, these communication tools will be 14  for a while, and it is 15   a convenient way for us to keep in touch.

【答案】 （1）A；（2）A；（3）B；（4）B；（5）A；（6）B；（7）C；（8）D；（9）C；（10）B；（11）C；（12）A；（13）A；（14）B；（15）C；

【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文介绍了现在孩子们通过交友软件来保持相互之间的联系。

（1）句意：对于老人来说，他们想去市场或者拜访彼此的家。A.为了，对于；B.关于；C.……的；D.带着，具有。本句这里的意思是对于某人来说，应使用for，故答案是A。

（2）句意：对于老人来说，他们想去市场或者拜访彼此的家。A.拜访；B.享受；C.喜欢；D.建造。根据宾语each other's house可知，使用visit更符合语境，故答案是A。

（3）句意：我们最早的保持联系和交朋友的方式是使用像qq这样的聊天工具。A.最友好的；B.最早的；C.最糟糕的；D.最慢的。结合语境并分析选项的意思B最符合语境，故答案是B。

（4）句意：我们最早的保持联系和交朋友的方式是使用像qq这样的聊天工具。A.争吵；B.朋友；C.句子；D.笑话。根据So we can make friends可知是交朋友 ， 故答案是B。

（5）句意：因此我们可以很容易地通过网络交朋友。A.容易地；B.大声地；C.迟的；D.早的。网络交友是一种很便捷的交友方式，故答案是A。

（6）句意：也许我们不很了解这些朋友。因为这些朋友是在网上认识的，所以对他们了解的不够。A.学习；B.知道；C.听到；D.教。故答案是B。

（7）句意：我们添加朋友是因为我们有更多的网友似乎更酷。设空后的句子在解释添加网友的原因，能够表示原因的是becauseA.如果；B.当……时候；C.因为；D.如何。故答案是C。

（8）句意：那么我们孩子们如何跟网上的朋友保持联系呢？A.有；B.告诉；C.想要；D.保持。keep in touch with与……保持联系。故答案是D。

（9）句意：有时候朋友没有信息来往会消失几个月。A.必须；B.将要；C.可以；D.将要。结合语境及选项分析，BD最符合语境，当主语是第一人称的时候，使用shall，其他人称使用will，故答案是C。

（10）句意：有时候朋友没有信息来往会消失几个月。A.带着，具有；B.没有；C.在……上，关于；D……的。问句前半句的“消失”可知是没有信息往来，故答案是B。

（11）句意：当然了，使用这些交际工具，不只是为了说“嗨，怎么了？”A.已经；B.也；C.仅仅，只；D.仍然。根据后面的的陈述可知，用这类交流软件不仅仅是为了打招呼、聊天，还有其他的作用或者目的，故答案是C。

（12）句意：我们一些人通过这些工具已经找了了长时间没有联系的同学和朋友。A.通过；B.为了；C.到……上；D.到……里。通过某种方式through，故答案是A。

（13）句意：而且，我们孩子们可以听朋友们最喜欢的音乐。A.听；B.收到某人的来信；C.看；D.想要。listen to music，听音乐，固定搭配，故答案是A。

（14）句意：相信与否，这些交际软件会受欢迎一段时间。A.困难的；B.受欢迎的；C.危险的；D.有礼貌的。这里主要介绍交流软件，使用B最合适，故答案是B。

（15）句意：而且对于我们来说真地是一种便捷的交流方式。A.很，非常；B.真的；C.真地；D.许多。空缺处需要副词修饰be，really是副词，其他的都是形容词，故答案是C。

【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。

3．完形填空

    Mr. Ma, a famous mental （心理的） doctor from Beijing said at a meeting, "Now many young students have mental problems. Some students become 1  because they have to study very hard. Others have 2  getting on well with people around them like their parents and classmates."

    Then Mr. Ma gave some 3 . A middle school student from Xi'an was doing badly in his lessons. He thought his teachers and friends often 4  him, and he became so nervous and worried that one night he 5  his home without telling his parents. Another student, a 14-year-old schoolgirl from Shanghai, was very afraid of exams. While she was reading the exam paper, she 6  think of anything to write.

    A recent report from Jiefang Daily says about 18% of the young 7  in Shanghai have mental problems. 8  many of them won't go and ask for help. Some think they will look silly 9  they go to see a doctor. Others won't talk about their secrets.

    At the end of the meeting, Mr. Ma 10  some good ideas to young people:

    Talk to your parents or teachers often.

    Take part in group activities.

    Try to get on well with the people around you.

    Go to see a doctor if you often feel unhappy.

【答案】 （1）A；（2）B；（3）C；（4）A；（5）B；（6）B；（7）C；（8）D；（9）D；（10）C；

【解析】【分析】文章大意：一位来自北京著名的心理医生通过具体事例介绍了学生存在的心理问题，以及对此应采取的建议及措施。

（1）句意：一些学生变得担心的主要原因是因为必须努力学习。A 担心；B 兴奋；C 开心；D 自信。根据后文中的语句because they have to study very hard.提示可知，孩子们很紧张，很担心，故选A。

（2）句意：还有些人很难与周围的人相处融洽，比如父母和同学。A 规则；B 困难；C 方式；D 借口。固定短语have trouble doing sth做某事有困难。根据上文语句Now many young students have mental problems. 提示可知，此句表示有些孩子在处理人际关系上出现问题，故选B。

（3）句意：然后，马先生举了一些例子。A 经历；B 问题；C 例子；D 决定。根据下文语句A middle school student from Xi'an was doing badly in his lessons…这是马先生列举的例子，故选C。 

（4）句意：他觉得老师和朋友们经常嘲笑他。A嘲笑；B 瞄准；C 仰视；D 捡起。根据上文语句doing badly in his lessons理解可知，因为学习不好，总认为别人嘲笑他，故选A。

（5）句意：以至于有一天晚上他没有告诉父母就离家出走了。A 通过；B 离开；C 帮助；D 丢失。根据下文语句without telling his parents.理解可知，没有告诉父母离家出走，故选B。

（6）句意：当她在看试卷时，她想不出要写什么。A 千万不；B 不能；C 不必；D 不应该。根据上文语句was very afraid of exams.提示可知，这个孩子非常害怕考试，过于紧张，以至于写不出东西来，故选B。

（7）句意：《解放日报》最近的一篇报道说，上海大约18%的年轻学生有心理问题。A 老师，B 父母；C 学生；D 医生。通读 全文可知，本文主要介绍的是学生的心理健康问题，故选C。

（8）句意：不幸的是，他们中的许多人不会去寻求帮助。A 幸运地是；B 自然地；C 很难地；D 不幸地。根据下文语句many of them won't go and ask for help. 提示可知，他们有问题，但是不主动寻求帮助，这是不幸的事情，故选D。

（9）句意：有些人认为如果他们去看医生会显得很傻。A 是否；B 哪里；C 怎样；D 如果。此句考查if引导的条件状语从句，故选D。

（10）句意：会议结束时，马先生向年轻人提出了一些好建议。A 预定；B 回答；C 提供；D 阻止。固定短语，offer sth to sb，给某人提供某物，故选C。

【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。

4．完形填空

    At the beginning of this century, medical scientists made a interesting discovery（发现）. We are bulk not just of flesh （肉）and blood but also of time. They were 1 to show that we all have a body clock inside us, which controls the 2 and fall of our body energies. It can 3 us different from one day to the next.

    The idea of a body clock should not be too 4 because the lives of most living things are controlled by the 24-hour-night-and-day cycle. We feel 5  and fall asleep at night and become 6  and energetic during the day. Most people will have a bad feeling 24-hour cycle is 7 . For example, people who are not used to working at night can find that luck  （缺少）of sleep causes them to 8  badly at work.

    Besides （除了） the daily cycle of sleeping and waking, we 9  have other cycle which lasts longer than one day. Most of us would 10  that we feel good on some days and not so good on others. Sometimes our ideas seem to be so active, and at other times they are not.

【答案】 （1）B；（2）D；（3）C；（4）C；（5）B；（6）C；（7）D；（8）A；（9）B；（10）D；

【解析】【分析】主要讲了人体的生物钟控制着我们身体能量的起伏，让我们每天都不同。

（1）句意：它们能够表明在我们身体里面有一个生物钟。A.安静的；B.有能力的；C.仔细的；D.奇怪的。be able to do sth.能够做某事，固定搭配，故选B。

（2）句意：它们能够表明在我们身体里面有一个生物钟，这个生物钟可以控制着我们身体能量的起伏。A.生活；B.提供；C.使用；D.升起。fall下降，所以前面用升起即rise，rise and fall起伏，故选D。

（3）句意：它可以让我们一天不同于下一天。A.表明；B.对待；C.让；D.改变。make sb.+形容词，表示让某人怎样，固定搭配，故选C。

（4）句意：生物钟的概念不应该太令人惊讶，因为大多数生物的生命都是由昼夜24小时循环控制的。A.困难的；B.自然的；C.惊讶的；D.害怕的。因为大多数生物的生命都是由昼夜24小时循环控制的，所以生物钟不应该让人太惊讶，故选C。

（5）句意：我们感到疲倦，晚上睡着，白天变得活泼而精力充沛。A.安静的；B.疲劳的；C.舒服的；D.高兴的。以为疲劳，所以晚上睡觉，故选B。

（6）句意：我们感到疲倦，晚上睡着，白天变得活泼而精力充沛。A.规律的；B.严重的；C.有活力的；D.清楚的。根据energetic有精力的，可知前面的形容词表示同义词，所以用lively，有活力的，故选C。

（7）句意：大多数人都会有一种不好的感觉，24小时的周期被改变了。A.麻烦；B.推；C.重启；D.改变。生物钟被改变了，所以会感到不舒服，故选D。

（8）句意：例如，不习惯晚上工作的人会发现，睡眠的缺乏会使他们在工作中表现糟糕。A.表演，表现；B.遭受；C.数数；D.控制。缺少睡眠会让他们工作中表现不好，故选A。

（9）句意：除了每天的睡眠和清醒周期外，我们还有其他持续时间超过一天的周期。A.几乎不；B.也；C.仅仅；D.几乎。根据后文Sometimes our ideas seem to be so active, and at other times they are not.可知讲了其他周期，即也有其他周期，故选B。

（10）句意：我们大多数人都会同意，有些日子我们感觉很好，有些日子却不太好。A.负担得起；B.欣赏；C.建议；D.同意。我们大部分人会同意有些日子我们感觉很好，有些日子却不太好，故选D。

【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。

5．阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

    I was feeling a little blue because my mother had lost her job.

    One day, while I was 1 on the street, I heard the piano music and singing rising above the noise of the people. I walked more slowly to 2  where it was coming from. Then I saw a young lady sitting at a piano.

    She was singing songs about love,  3 yourself and keeping on trying. The way she was singing made me a little comfortable. I stood there  4 , watching her playing on such a crowded New York square. I thought that she must be 5 enough to perform in front of so many people.  

    She noticed me: I walked over and told her how good her 6 sounded. "Thank you," she said.

    "I have been going through a hard time recently, 7 you've made me hopeful again." I said to her.

    "I'm glad that I could help," she replied. "Why are you so 8 ?"

    "Well, my mum has lost her job, and I'm not sure what to do.”

    "Did you notice the 9  you were walking? Your head was down." she said. "Don't be upset, because 10 comes in different ways and if your head is down, you might not see it. You should  11 more and lift your head up. "

    I looked  12 her, amazed at how she was encouraging me. "  13 are you playing the piano here?" I asked her with a smile.

    She 14   that she saw a lot of unhappy people in the world and she tried to cheer  15 up by playing music.  

    I smiled a little wilder, realizing that no difficulties could stop me from going on.

【答案】 （1）D；（2）A；（3）B；（4）D；（5）A；（6）C；（7）B；（8）C；（9）A；（10）A；（11）C；（12）D；（13）B；（14）D；（15）B；

【解析】【分析】这篇短文中作者主要记述了当母亲失业，自己在心情低落时，遇到的一位街头歌手。通过这位歌手的歌声及这位歌手所说的话，又重新让我燃起了生活的希望。

⑴Driving驾驶;riding骑车; running跑步; walking步行.结合语境可知此处指的是,我正在大街上走.故选D.

⑵find out找出,查明;send out送出，发送；take out拿出；get out出去；结合语境可知此处指的是，我想查明这些歌声是来自哪里。故选A。

⑶Dressing穿衣，给……穿衣；believing相信；hurting伤害；losing丢失，迷路。结合语境可知此处指的是，相信你自己，坚持努力。故选B。

⑷Nervously紧张地；rudely无礼地，粗暴地；angrily愤怒地；quietly安静地。结合语境可知此处指的是，我静静地站在那儿。故选D。

⑸Brave勇敢的；shy害羞的，畏缩的；bored无聊的，烦人的；honest 诚实的。联系前一句描述，可知我认为这个女孩是勇敢的。故选A。

⑹Advice建议，忠告；idea注意，思想；music音乐；interest 兴趣，趣味。联系上一段描述，可知此处指的是，她的音乐听起来是多么的美好。故选C。

⑺Or或者，否则；but但是，可是；so因此；and和，并且。联系上下文，可知前后是转折关系。故选B，我最近度过了一段艰难时刻，但是你让我又重新燃起来希望。

⑻Dirty脏的；busy 忙碌的；sad伤心的；lazy 懒惰的。联系前文我说的话，可知此处指的是，你为什么如此伤心？故选C。

⑼Way道路，方法；time时间，时刻；reason理由，原因；station车站。联系后一句描述，可知此处指的是，你注意到你说话的方式了吗？故选A。

⑽Opportunity时机，机会；health健康；pain痛苦；life生活。结合语境可知此处指的是，机会来自不同的渠道。故选A。

⑾Complain抱怨，控诉；rest休息，静止；smile微笑；pay支付，偿还。联系后一句描述，可知此处指的是，你应该多笑笑。故选C。

⑿like 像……一样；after在……之后；for 为了，对于；at在一点。结合语境可知此处指的是，我看着她，惊奇于她是如何的鼓励我。故选D。

⒀How如何，怎样；Why 为什么；When当……时；Where在哪儿。根据后一句描述，可知此处问的是，你为什么在这儿弹钢琴，故选B。

⒁dreamed梦想，想到；opened打开，开业；guessed猜测；explained解释，说明。联系本句从句内容，可知此处指的是，她解释说她看到许多许多不幸福的人，故选D。

⒂Us我们；them 他们；me我；her 他。联系前文描述，可知此处代词指的是，那些不幸福的人们。故选B。

【点评】完型填空考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，做完型填空首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。

6．阅读下面短文，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。    I still remember my first Christmas adventure（冒险） with Grandma. As we walked into a store, Grandma game me ten dollars. That was 1  money in those days. “Take the money,” she said, “and buy    2  for someone who needs it. I'll wait for you in the 3 .” Then she walked out of the store.

    I was only eight years old then. I had often gone shopping with my mother, but I had 4 shopped for anything alone. I didn't know what 5  or who to buy it for.

    I 6 everybody I knew. Finally, I had an idea. I would buy Bobby a 7 ! He needed one. I knew that 8  he never went out during the winter. His mother always 9 a note, telling the teacher that he was ill, but all we kids knew that was not 10 .

    I chose a red coat. It looked really 11 .

    When I returned to Grandma's car, she helped me write a note “To Bobby,  12  Father Christmas''. Then she drove me over to Bobby's house.

    Some time later, Grandma 13 her car near Bobby's house. We got off and hid in the bushes（灌木）. Then Grandma said to me, “All right, Father Christmas, get going.”

    I ran to Bobby's front door, put the 14  down, rang his doorbell and flew back to Grandma. Together we waited for the front door 15  …

    That night, I realized that Father Christmas was alive（活着）, and we were on his team. I felt so happy.

【答案】（1）C；（2）B；（3）D；（4）A；（5）C；（6）C；（7）D；（8）A；（9）B；（10）A；（11）C；（12）B；（13）D；（14）B；（15）C；

【解析】【分析】本文讲述作者扮圣诞老人为需要帮助的同学Bobby送去礼物的故事。

（1）句意：在当时那是很多钱。 a lot of=lots of，后跟名词。根据空格后的money可知此处用a lot of，故答案为C。

（2）句意：为需要的人买点东西。A、nothing没有东西；B、something某物；C、everything一切；D、anything任何东西。something用于肯定句；anything用于否定句和疑问句。本句是一个肯定句，故答案为B。

（3）句意：我在车里等你。A、hotel旅馆；B、bus公交车；C、store商店；D、car 汽车；根据下文When I returned to Grandma's car可知奶奶回到车里等“我”，故答案为D。

（4）句意：我经常跟妈妈去逛街，但是我从没有单独买过任何东西。A、never从不；B、already已经；C、always总是；D、still仍然。根据句意，故答案为A。

（5）句意：我不知道买什么，买给谁。根据or who to buy it for可知此处考查疑问词+不定式作宾语，故答案为C。

（6）句意：我想到每一个我认识的人。A、heard from收到某人来信；B、picked up拾起；捡起；C、thought of想到；D、looked after照顾。根据句意，故答案为C。

（7）句意：最后，我有了主意，我要给Bobby买一个外套，他需要一个。A、desk书桌；B、scarf围巾；C、bike自行车；D、coat外套。根据下文I chose a red coat可知想要买一件外套，故答案为D。

（8）句意：我知道他需要一个因为他在冬天从不出门。A、because因为；B、unless除非；C、or或者；D、so所以。根据句意，故答案为A。

（9）句意：他妈妈总是写一个便条，告诉老师说他生病了。A、found发现；B、wrote写；C、borrowed借；D、received收到。根据宾语note可知，故答案为B。

（10）句意：但是我们小孩们都知道那不是真的。A、true真实的；B、funny搞笑的；C、difficult困难的；D、expensive昂贵的。根据句意，故答案为A。

（11）句意：我挑了一件红色的外套，看起来真的很暖和。A、light轻的；B、cheap便宜的；C、warm温暖的；D、old旧的。根据逻辑关系，外套是为了保暖，所以用warm，故答案为C。

（12）句意：给Bobby，来自圣诞老人。A、for为了；B、from来自；C、near在附近；D、against反对。短语：from……to……从……到……；根据to可知用from，故答案为B。

（13）句意：过了段时间，奶奶把车停在Bobby家附近。A、passed经过；B、pushed推；C、washed洗；D、parked停。根据句意，故答案为D。

（14）句意：我跑到Bobby的前门，把礼物放下，按响门铃，飞快回到奶奶那里。A、money钱；B、present礼物；C、letter信；D、key钥匙。根据上文可知作者扮圣诞老人给Bobby送礼物，故答案为B。

（15）句意：我们一起等待前门打开。wait for sb to do等待某人做某事，所以用不定式to open， 故答案为C。

【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要读懂全文，弄清文章要表达的思想，注意文中前后段落之间的关系。答题中，一定要认真分析，注意选项与上下文的关系，与前后单词的关系。对于一 时没有太大的把握的题可以放到最后再来完成，因为有时答案可以从下文内容体现出来。答完后再通读一篇文章，看看所选选项能不能是语句通顺，语意连贯。

7．阅读下面的短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

    A boy selling magazines walked up to a house that people seldom visited. The house was old and the owner 1  came out. When he did come out he wouldn't say 2  to anybody but simply looked at them. The boy and the other children were told to 3  the house by their parents.

    The boy knocked on the door and waited. 4  he was ready to walked away, the door slowly opened.

    "Uh, sir, I, uh, am selling these magazines and I was wondering 5  you'd like to buy one?"

    The old man just looked at the boy. The boy could see the inside of the house and 6  some dog figurines（小雕像）. "Do you 7  dog figurines?" the boy asked.

    "Yes, I have many collections, they are my family here."

    The boy felt sorry for the man, as he seemed to be very 8 . "I have a magazine about dogs here for collectors. It's perfect for you."

    But the old man said, "I need 9  of the magazines, now goodbye."

    The boy was sad. He went home and then had an idea. He had a little dog figurine! He walked back to the old man's house with the 10 . He knocked on the door again and this time the old man came 11  to the door. "Boy, I told you no 12 ."

    "No, sir. But I wanted to bring you a gift." The boy handed him the figurine. "I have one at home and now this is 13  you."

    The old man was 14 : No one had ever given him such a gift and shown him so much kindness. "Boy, you have a（n） 15  heart. Thank you!"

    From that day on the old man started coming out of the house and greeting people. He and the boy became friends. The boy even brought his dog to see the man weekly.

【答案】 （1）D；（2）D；（3）A；（4）B；（5）C；（6）B；（7）C；（8）B；（9）D；（10）C；（11）A；（12）B；（13）C；（14）A；（15）C；

【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲的是一个卖报纸的男孩和一个独居老人成为好朋友的故事。

（1）句意：房子很旧了，主人也几乎不出门。A几乎，B从不，C仅仅，D几乎不。根据上文a house that people seldom visited. 人们很少拜访的房子，可知主人很少出门。故选D。

（2）句意：当他出来的时候，他不会打招呼说你好，只是看着你。根据常识可知，见面首先打招呼说你好，故选D。

（3）句意：这个男孩和其他的孩子被他们的父母告知远离这个房子。A远离，B感兴趣，C往外看，D以……为骄傲。根据上文可知，人们很少去拜访屋子的古怪的主人，父母们应该是让孩子离远点。故选A。

（4）句意：当他准备要走的时候，门慢慢地打开了。两件事情同时发生，用when，引导时间状语从句。故选B。

（5）句意：我在想你是否想要每一份报纸。用weather引导宾语从句，表是否。故选C。

（6）句意：男孩可以看到屋子的里面，然后看到了一些狗狗的小雕像。A买，B看到，C听到，D躺下。根据The boy could see the inside of the house.男孩可以看到屋子的里面，可知应该是看到小雕像。故选B。

（7）句意：你收藏狗狗的小雕像吗？A制作，B卖，C收藏，D信任。根据下文 I have many collections.我有很多收藏，可知应是收藏小雕像。故选C。

（8）句意：男孩感到很抱歉，因为老人好像很孤独。根据上文they are my family here.他们是我在这里的家人，可致老人应该是孤独的。故选B。

（9）句意：我不需要任何杂志，再见。A没有任何东西，可直接作宾语；B任何；C任一；D没有，通常接of；根据now goodbye可知，老人不想买杂志。故选D。

（10）句意：他带着小雕像走回老人的房子。根据上文He had a little dog figurine! 他有一个小狗的雕塑，可知后面是拿着雕塑去找老人。故选C。

（11）句意：这次老人直接来到了门边。A直接地，B安静地，C小心地，D活跃地。根据上文可知，这是男孩第二次敲门，而且老人第一次已经拒绝了，所以此时老人是有点生气的直接来到门边。故选A。

（12）句意：孩子，我告诉过你不要杂志。根据上文可知，上次老人拒绝了买报纸。故选B。

（13）句意：我有一只在家，现在这是给你的。给某人，用介词for+sb。故选C。

（14）句意：老人非常的惊喜。根据下文No one had ever given him such a gift and shown him so much kindness. 没有人给过他礼物并展示这样的友好，可知老人很惊喜。故选A。

（15）句意：孩子，你有颗善良的心。A大的，B柔弱的，C善良的，D诚实的。根据上文可知男孩同情老人并把自己的小雕塑送给了老人，可知他是善良的。故选C。

【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。

8．完形填空

    Jasmine stood in the hall, seeming very calm.She thought she 1 ready for the English speech.She 2  very hard at her speech during the last two weeks. She had memorized her words of the speech very well 3 she arrived at the hall. She had even stayed up the whole night 4  the speech by herself at home. However, as the English speech was about to begin, she became very 5 .She realized that she had forgotten 6  her notecards already. She seemed 7 .She didn't know 8 she could do well in the speech. Luckily she had practiced 9  well that she didn't use her notecards at all. Jasmine performed very well in the speech and gave an amazing speech.And she ended up 10  first prize in the speech. Everyone was very happy.

【答案】（1）B；（2）C；（3）D；（4）A；（5）B；（6）C；（7）A；（8）C；（9）A；（10）D；

【解析】【分析】大意：本文主要介绍了主人翁Jasmine为了演讲走了很多准备，开始前很紧张，最后赢得了一等奖的故事。

（1）句意：她认为已经为演讲做好准备。固定搭配be ready for.为...做好准备。根据She thought可知，时态用一般过去时,主语是单数，be动词用was。故选B。

（2）句意：在过去的两周里一直在准备这次演讲。根据during the last two weeks. 过去的过去，可知本句时态用过去完成时had+过去分词。故选C。

（3）句意：在她到达会堂之前，她把演讲的每一个词都记得很好。在到达大厅开始比赛之前一定是记熟了演讲词的。故选D。

（4）句意：她甚至自己在家熬夜一整晚练习演讲。现在分词短语作伴随状语，伴随谓语动词stay up同时进行。故选A。

（5）句意：她变得非常紧张。根据 However可知，原本Jasmine准备非常充分，但是上台之前变得很紧张。故选B。

（6）句意：她意识到她忘记带卡片了。固定搭配forget to do.忘记要做。故选C。

（7）句意：她看起来很担心。A担心，B兴奋，C感兴趣，D惊讶。根据上文可知她忘了带笔记卡，她感到担心。故选A。

（8）句意：她不知道她是否能把演讲做好。根据上文原以为准备很充分，但是却突发变故，所以是否可以做好，是否用if。故选C。

（9）句意：所幸她准备的很好，根本没用到卡片。固定搭配so...that.如此……以至于。故选A。

（10）句意：最后她赢得了比赛的一等奖。固定搭配end up doing.以做什么结束。win的现在分词是winning，故选B。

【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。

9．完形填空

    The umbrella is a very common object. It keeps the 1  and the sun off the people. Most umbrellas can be folded up （折叠） so it is 2  to carry them.

    However, the umbrella was not always as 3  as it is now. In the past, it was a symbol of importance. Some African countries still use umbrellas in this 4 . Someone carries an umbrella and walks behind the king or important person.

    Umbrellas have a long history. People in different parts of the world began to 5  umbrellas at different times. The Chinese had them more than 3,000 years ago. From there, umbrellas 6  to India and Egypt. In Greece and Rome, 7  wouldn't use them. They believed umbrellas were only for women.

    England was 8  the first country in Europe where common people used umbrellas against rain. The weather there is very 9  and umbrellas are very useful.

    Everybody uses umbrellas today. The next time you 10  one, thinking that for centuries only great men and women used them, you'll feel you are the important person, too.

【答案】（1）A；（2）D；（3）C；（4）A；（5）B；（6）B；（7）C；（8）A；（9）B；（10）D；

【解析】【分析】大意：本文主要介绍了雨伞的历史。

（1）句意：它为人们遮挡雨和太阳。根据常识可知，伞是用来挡雨和遮阳的。故选A。

（2）句意：大多数的雨伞能够被折叠，所以人们携带起来很方便。根据Most umbrellas can be folded up （折叠）.大多数的雨伞能够被折叠可知，携带它们很容易。故选D。

（3）句意：然而，雨伞过去并不总是像现在一样普遍。A轻，B重，C普遍，D特别。根据In the past, it was a symbol of importance. 在过去，它是地位的一种象征，可知过去的时候，雨伞并没有很普遍。故选C。

（4）一些非洲国家依然用这样的方式使用雨伞。联系上文可知在过去，雨伞象征着重要性，一些非洲国家依然如此。固定短语in this way表“以这种方式”。故选A。

（5）句意：世界不同地区的人们在不同的时间开始使用雨伞。A发现，B用，C检测，D发现。根据下文The Chinese had them more than 3,000 years ago.中国人使用雨伞超过3000年。可知世界不同地区的人们在不同的时间开始使用雨伞。。故选B。

（6）句意：雨伞从那里被传到了印度和埃及。A走，B旅行、传播，C骑，D飞。根据The Chinese had them more than 3,000 years ago.中国人在3000年前开始使用雨伞，可知最早是中国人使用，后来传到印度和埃及。故选B。

（7）句意：在希腊和罗马，男人不愿意用伞。根据They believed umbrellas were only for women.他们认为雨伞只适合妇女使用，可知在希腊和罗马，男人不用伞。故选C。

（8）句意：英国可能是欧洲第一个普通人用雨伞挡雨的国家。A可能，B已经，C突然，D立刻。根据下文 umbrellas are very useful.雨伞在那很有用，可知可能性很大的推测。故选A。

（9）句意：那里的天气非常多雨，雨伞在那非常有用。A晴朗，B多雨，C多雪，D有风。根据上文against rain挡雨可知，英国是一个多雨的国家。故选B。

（10）句意：下一次你带一把，想象着几个世纪以来，只有伟大的男人和女人用雨伞。A卖，B归还，C借，D带着。。此处指带伞。根据thinking that for centuries only great men and women used them, you'll feel you are the important person.想象着几个世纪以来，只有伟大的男人和女人用雨伞，你会觉得你也是重要的人，可知带伞可以有自己是重要的人的感觉。故选D

【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。

10．完形填空

    It was a Monday morning. When a teacher walked into the 1 , he heard a low voice: “Here is the teacher. I am 2 this boring fellow（烦人的家伙） is going to talk about putting in commas（逗号）.” It was a boy's 3 . His name was Bill. He was talking 4 the boy next to him. The teacher didn't get angry. He said 5 about it, then he really began to talk about putting in commas, and then he wrote 6 the sentence: “Bill says the teacher is a boring fellow.” The class 7 and Bill's face 8 red. “Now,” said the teacher, “I'll 9 you how important commas are.”

    He put two commas in the sentence, and now read, “ 10 is a boring fellow.”

【答案】（1）B；（2）A；（3）C；（4）C；（5）D；（6）B；（7）D；（8）A；（9）B；（10）D；

【解析】【分析】这篇短文给我们讲述了课堂上一个老师与调皮学生的故事。老师进教室时听到一个男生说：“这个无聊的家伙肯定要讲逗号的故事。”老师不动声色，并且在课堂上机智地回复了那个男生，同时也给同学们讲了逗号的重要性。

（1）考查名词辨析及语境理解。句意：当老师走进教室时，他听到了一个低低的声音。A.library图书馆；B.classroom教室；C.school学校；D.office办公室。结合句意和语境可知老师是去上课，应该是进教室，故答案为B

（2）考查形容词辨析及语境理解。句意：我肯定这个烦人的家伙要讲逗号的放置。A.sure肯定的；B.sorry抱歉的；C.glad高兴的；D.surprised吃惊的；根据下文，结合句意和语境可知这里说话人语气是肯定的推测，故答案为A

（3）考查名词辨析及语境理解。句意：这是一个男孩的声音。A.sound泛指一切声音；B.noise噪音；C.voice指人的嗓音，也可知鸟叫声；D.song歌曲；结合句意和语境可知这里是指一个男孩子的声音，故答案为C

（4）考查介词辨析及语境理解。句意：他正在跟他旁边的男孩子说话。Talk with sb 跟某人交谈；结合句意和语境，故答案为C。

（5）考查代词辨析及语境理解。句意：他什么也没说。A.much许多；B.everything每件事；C.something一些事；D.nothing什么也没有；由句子The teacher didn't get angry.可知老师没有生气。结合句意和语境可知老师什么也没有说，故答案为D。

（6）考查介词短语及语境理解。句意：然后他在黑板上写了这个句子。A.on his desk在他的课桌上；B.on the blackboard在黑板上；C.in his book在他的书里；D.in the floor在地板上；从下文可知老师是把句子写在黑板上给同学们讲，结合句意和语境，故答案为B。

（7）考查动词辨析及语境理解。句意：同学们笑了…A.read读；B.stopped停止；C.looked看；D.laughed笑，大笑；结合句意和语境可知同学们看了老师写的话会笑，故答案为D。

（8）考查动词辨析及语境理解。句意：同学们笑了，比尔的脸红了。A.turned变得；B.changed改变；C.got变得；D.grew生长；表示颜色的变化用turn，结合句意和语境，故答案为A。

（9）考查动词辨析及语境理解。句意：我将给你们看看逗号有多么的重要。A.answer回答；B.show展示给某人看；C.ask问；D.give给；结合句意和语境可知这里是写句子给大家看，故答案为B。

（10）考查句子结构及语境理解。句意： “比尔，”老师说：“是个无聊的家伙。” A.The teacher says, Bill改变了原来的词序；B.Bill, says, the teacher比尔说：“老师…”可知还是原来比尔的意思；C.The teacher, says, Bill改变了原来的词序；D.Bill, says the teacher比尔，老师说。结合句意和语境可知D符合，故答案为D。

【点评】考查单词在语境中的运用。答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，主语考虑句型，语法，搭配，语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。

二、阅读理解

11．阅读理解

    In the summer between my first year and second year in college, I was invited to be an instructor（辅导员）at a high school camp. On the first day, when we were dancing and playing games, I noticed a boy under the tree who was small and thin. His shyness made him appear weak. I walked towards him, introduced myself and invited him to join in the activities and meet some new people. He quietly replied, "No, I really don't want to do this." I could understand that he was in a new world but I knew it wouldn't be right to force him either. Actually, the boy didn't need a close talk but a friend.

    At lunch the next day, I was leading camp songs when I saw the boy under the tree sitting alone. I tried again with the same invitation, but he refused once again. That evening I was told the boy's name was Tommy. Then I asked the campers to pay special attention to the boy and spend time with him when they could.

    The days went by and the time came when we had to leave. We held a big, warm party to celebrate the closing of the camp. All the campers shared their wonderful moments. To my surprise, I found the boy from under the tree dancing joyfully with two girls. I couldn't believe it was the same person.

    In October of my second year, I received a phone call from Tommy's mother. She told me that Tommy was hit by a car and died. I offered my deep sadness. The mother said, "Tommy mentioned you so many times. I want you to know that he went back to school and made new friends with confidence. You made a difference to Tommy during his last months."

    At that moment, I realized how easy it was to give a bit of yourself every day. You may never know how much each gesture may mean to someone else. I hope that everyone can pay attention to his own "boy under the tree".

（1）Before the writer came to the high school summer camp, he was a（n）          .

A. instructor                            B. camper                            C. student                            D. reporter

（2）How many times did the writer invite the boy to join in the activities?

A. Once.                          B. Twice.                          C. Three times.                          D. Many times.

（3）Which is the CORRECT order about the story？

①The boy danced joyfully with two girls.

② The boy went back to school and made new friends.

③ The boy refused to join in the activities.

④The boy's mother made a phone call to the writer.

A. ①②③④                           B. ②③①④                           C. ③①②④                           D. ④③②①

（4）From Paragraph 4, we can infer that Tommy's mother was very         to the writer.

A. thankful                             B. helpful                             C. faithful                             D. harmful

【答案】 （1）C

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作者曾给一个男孩精神上的帮助，让大家指代每天给自己一点自信是多么容易。

（1）推理题。根据  In the summer between my first year and second year in college, I was invited to be an instructor（辅导员）at a high school camp 在大学一年级和二年级之间的那个夏天，我被邀请去当一名教师（辅导员）在一个高中营地可知， 在作家来到高中夏令营之前，他是名学生，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据 invited him to join in the activities和 I tried again with the same invitation 可知， 作者邀请这个男孩参加了2次活动，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据全文描述可知最初男孩拒绝参加活动，后来男孩和两个女孩快乐地跳舞， 这个男孩回到学校，交了新朋友， 男孩的母亲给作家打了一个电话，故是C选项的排序是正确的，故选C。

（4）推理题。根据 Tommy mentioned you so many times. I want you to know that he went back to school and made new friends with confidence. You made a difference to Tommy during his last months 汤米多次提到你。我想让你知道，他回到学校，自信地交了新朋友。在汤米的最后几个月里，你改变了他 可知， 汤米的母亲对作家很感谢 ，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

12．阅读理解

    Great changes have taken place in family life because of science and industry（工业）. In the past, when most Americans lived on farms, the typical family had many children. In a farm family, parents and their children often lived with grandparents. Usually, uncles and aunts lived nearby. But when industry became more important than agriculture in American life, families became smaller because industry requires workers who are ready and able to move off the land and move again whenever necessary. And large families cannot move from place to place as smaller families. So, at present people tend to have smaller families.

    In the future, because of industrialization, a typical family will be required to move even more often than now, so families will be even smaller. The typical family may remain childless and consist only of a man and a woman. A small number of families may take raising children as their chief work. At the same time they may also raise other people's children, leaving those families free to move from job to job.

（1）Which of the following topics is discussed in the passage?

A. The development of science and industry in America.

B. The influence of science and industry on American families.

C. Harmful effect of industrialization.

D. Social problems resulting from the highly-developed science and industry in America.

（2）What kinds of families are described in the passage?

A. Families of the past and the present.        B. Families of the present and the future.

C. Families of the past and the future.          D. Families of the past, the present and the future.

（3）What is one of the reasons that families are getting smaller in America?

A. Children tend to leave their parents and grandparents when they grow up.

B. People stop caring for children.

C. The need for workers who are able to move at any time has been increasing.

D. Both old and young people prefer to live by themselves.

（4）What can you infer from the passage?

A. Science and industry have caused thousands of families to split（破裂）.

B. Children do not live with their parents or grandparents.

C. Large families can hardly survive in modern society.

D. Americans are very choosy about their jobs.

【答案】 （1）B

（2）D

（3）C

（4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：由于工业的发展，家庭也受到了影响，原来的家庭孩子多，而现在的家庭孩子少，由于工业的发展家庭会总是搬动，有的家庭只有一个孩子或者没有孩子。

（1）细节理解题，根据  Great changes have taken place in family life because of science and industry（工业）.  可知家庭受到了科学和工业发展的影响，故答案是B。

（2）细节理解题，根据文章内容可知，短文涉及到了过去的家庭，现在的家庭和将来的家庭，故答案是D。

（3）细节理解题，根据In the future, because of industrialization, a typical family will be required to move even more often than now, so families will be even smaller. 可知对于工人们能够随时搬动的需求，所以家庭变得原来越小，故答案是C。

（4）逻辑推理题，根据文章内容可知，工人们可能会随时要搬家，大的家庭就没有这样的便捷，所以大家庭就不适于生存在现代的社会，故答案是C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和逻辑推理题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要结合具体语境，由已知内容推出未知的可能的事实。

13．阅读理解

    When his mum fainted（昏厥） and knocked herself out, unconscious, four year old Henry Davies knew just what to do— thanks to a storybook.

    He calmly dialled 999 and told the emergency services how to get to his home and then phoned his father.

    The boy told the doctors what had happened and directed them to the house in Coundon, Coventry, and even offered the doctors a drink

    When they arrived. Henry also offered to look after his 12— month old brother Noah.

    His father, Iran, 35, said, "Chloe has been unwell with a high fever which has made her feel quite poorly. I left for work early at about 7:30 am and as she got up after I left she felt quite dizzy and faint. The next thing she remembers is fainting down on the floor and hearing Henry talking to someone. He had seen her fall and hit her head on the table, but he couldn't wake her up. So he picked up the phone and dialled 999 for an ambulance."

    Chloe said, "Henry has a storybook, Ambulance Crew, on what to do in an emergency, which we've read a few times. He even put a blanket over me. The ambulance crew were amazed. We're very proud of him."

（1）How old was Henry?

A. 1.                                          B. 2.                                          C. 3.                                          D. 4.

（2）What was the matter with Henry's mother?

A. She fainted on the floor.                                  B. She was shot by a gun.

C. She was badly ill.                                              D. She was hurt badly.

（3）How did Henry know the knowledge of saving his mother?

A. By watching TV.       B. By reading a book.       C. His teacher taught him.       D. By WeChat.

（4）The underlined words" emergency services" mean "_________" in Chinese.

A. 紧急应变机构                             B. 突发事件                             C. 急诊室                             D. 医疗

（5）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. There are 4 people in Henry's family.             B. Henry prepared a drink for the doctors.

C. Henry's father is very proud of Henry.            D. His father is 29 years old.

【答案】 （1）D

（2）A

（3）B

（4）A

（5）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了Henry凭借《救护人员》书上的内容，救了他的妈妈。

（1）细节题。根据  four year old Henry Davies...可知，Henry4岁了，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据 The next thing she remembers is fainting down on the floor  可知， 亨利的母亲晕倒在地板上，故选A。

（3）推理题。根据 Henry has a storybook, Ambulance Crew, on what to do in an emergency 亨利有一本故事书《救护人员》,讲述在紧急情况下该怎么做 可知， Henry是通过读书知道救他母亲的知识，故选B。

（4）词义辨析题。根据 He calmly dialled 999他平静地拨打了999 ，可知999是个紧急应变机构，故emergency services是紧急应变机构的意思，故选A。

（5）细节题。根据   His father, Iran, 35 ， 可知他的父亲29岁是错的，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

14．阅读理解

    It's 10 am on a school day morning in Shanghai and students are standing in lines on the playground, doing their morning exercises. As a teacher at the front calls out, "Yi, er, san, si..." the students extend their arms, then bring them to their chests; bend their knees, then straighten up. Many of the students seem bored.

    Meanwhile, in a primary school in Xiangyang, Hubei Province, students are dancing to pop music. Which would you rather do?

Since 1951, morning calisthenics（健身操） have been a part of Chinese life. The school in Xiangyang wanted to make morning exercises more fun, so it looked to a group of people who seemed to really enjoy exercising damas（大妈）! These "aunties" dance on public squares each evening, often driving neighbours crazy with their loud music. But it is good exercise and they are having fun. So, why shouldn't students be allowed to follow their example?

    Well, on the Internet, most posters said dancing in the primary school in Xiangyang looked funny. One poster said that calisthenics were old-fashioned and that "the organized movements leave no room for personal freedom".

    Fitness is essential for young people. Too much study and too much computer time are making many young Chinese fat and unfit, so it's important that they become more active. And being active is the key, even if that means doing away with calisthenics and, instead, dancing like damas.

（1）The first paragraph mainly tells us that ______________.

A. students' school life is colourful in Shanghai

B. morning exercises are helpful to students' health

C. many students feel bored about morning exercises

D. PE is important to school students

（2）The underlined word "Meanwhile" means" ______________"in Chinese.

A. 反之                                  B. 同时                                  C. 总之                                  D. 幸运的是

（3）How long have morning calisthenics been in Chinese schools?

A. For 20 years.          B. For over 60 years.          C. Since last year.          D. Since 1951 years ago.

（4）What do most people think of dancing in the primary school in Xiangyang?

A. Funny.                               B. Helpful.                               C. Boring.                               D. Hard.

（5）What is the best title for the passage?

A. After-class activities                                          B. Colourful school life

C. A history of morning exercises                        D. Dancing like damas

【答案】 （1）C

（2）B

（3）B

（4）A

（5）D

【解析】【分析】主要讲了学生们应该像大妈一样跳舞锻炼，而不是仅仅做健身操。

（1）细节题。根据Many of the students seem bored.可知许多学生对早晨已经厌倦了，故选C。

（2）推断题。根据前后句可知一所学校在做早操，而另一所学校在和着流行音乐跳舞，所以meanwhile意思是同时，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据Since 1951, morning calisthenics（健身操） have been a part of Chinese life.可知自从1951年，健身操已经成为中国人生活的一部分，所以已经有60多年的历史了，故选B。

（4）细节题。根据The school in Xiangyang wanted to make morning exercises more fun, so it looked to a group of people who seemed to really enjoy exercising damas（大妈）!可知大部分人认为跳舞是有趣的，故选A。

（5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了学生们应该像大妈一样跳舞锻炼，而不是仅仅做健身操。故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

15．阅读理解

    What should we do if one of our classmates suddenly falls ill or gets hurt? Here are some steps you should follow. But always remember to look for medical care after first aid（急救） if the wound is serious.

    Broken bones（骨头）: Take away clothing from the wound, Use an ice pack. Don't move the hurt body part while waiting for the doctor to arrive.

    Animal bites（咬伤）: Wash the bite area with soap and water. Pack the wound with a clean cloth if it is bleeding. If the bleeding has stopped, cover the area with a bandage and take the person to hospital. Make sure you remember what kind of animal it is, so the doctor can find the right way to treat him or her at once.

    Fainting（昏厥）: Have him or her lie with feet lifted a little. Don't move the body if you think there might be wounds from the fall, Make sure he or she can breathe and let in fresh air. Clean the person's face with a cool cloth.

    Nosebleeds: Have the person sit up with his or her head tilted（倾斜） forward a little, Do not have the person tilt his or her head back because this may cause heavy breathing or coughing. Pinch（捏） the lower part of the nose for at least 10 minutes.

（1）What should we do first when an animal bite happens?

A. Put an ice pack on the wound.                       B. Wash the bite area with soap and water.

C. Try to stop the bleeding with a clean cloth.   D. Take the injured person to the hospital.

（2）When dealing with the problems of ____________, we shouldn't move the hurt.

A. broken bones and animal bites                      B. animal bites and nosebleeds

C. broken bones and fainting                             D. fainting and nosebleeds

（3）Which of the following is NOT right when a boy's nose bleeds?

A. Let his head not tilt back.                                B. Let his head tilt forward a little.

C. Let him sit up.                                                   D. Pinch his nose for less than 10 minutes.

（4）Which part of a magazine may the passage come from?

A. Lifestyle.                            B. Health.                            C. Sports.                            D. Education.

（5）What's the main idea of the passage?

A. First aid for some accidental wounds.            B. Steps of looking for medical care.

C. Advice on ways not to get hurt.                      D. Ways to ask for help in getting hurt.

【答案】 （1）B

（2）C

（3）D

（4）B

（5）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了四种意外伤害的急救知识。

（1）细节题。根据Animal bites（咬伤）: Wash the bite area with soap and water.可知动物咬伤时用肥皂和水清洗，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据Broken bones（骨头）: Don't move the hurt body part while waiting for the doctor to arrive.和Fainting（昏厥）: Don't move the body if you think there might be wounds from the fall可知当骨折和昏厥时不要移动伤者，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据Pinch（捏） the lower part of the nose for at least 10 minutes.可知当流鼻血时捏鼻子更低的部分至少10分钟，而不是整个鼻子，故选D。

（4）推断题。根据全文可知讲了意外伤害的急救，所以可能来自健康部分，即health，故选B。

（5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了四种意外伤害的急救知识，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

16．阅读理解

    What problems do the teenagers probably have? Here is a survey showing their main problems.

（1）How many main problems are there in the survey?

A. Four.                                    B. Five.                                    C. Six.                                    D. Seven.

（2）What problems are caused by too much homework?

A. Feeling stressed and fights.

B. Feeling tired of study and getting fat.

C. Feeling stressed and getting short- sighted.

D. Getting short-sighted and feeling tired of study.

（3）If Simon is feeling stressed, he should ________________.

A. do much more homework

B. make a plan to spend time on study and hobbies

C. donate his pocket money to Project Hope

D. buy some snacks

（4）Peter is feeling tired of study, maybe because he.

A. has no close friends                                         B. has no pocket money

C. plays too many computer games                    D. gets fatter and fatter

（5）________________ is a good way for the teenagers to stop fights.

A. Doing less homework                                      B. Playing computer games

C. Learning how to make friends                        D. Paying no attention to each other

【答案】 （1）B

（2）C

（3）B

（4）C

（5）C

【解析】【分析】主要讲了青少年有的主要问题、起因及建议。

（1）细节题。根据表格Feeling stressed、Getting shortsighted、Fights、Feeling tired of study、Getting fat，可知一共5个问题，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据表格第一个Feeling stressed Too much homework.和第二个Getting shortsighted Too much homework. Bad reading and writing habits.可知太多的作业导致有压力和近视，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据表格第一个Make a plan for study and hobbies.可知建议是为学习和爱好制定计划，故选B。

（4）细节题。根据表格第四个Computer games’ bad influence.可知电脑游戏的坏影响会让学生厌倦学习，故选C。

（5）细节题。根据表格第三个Don't know how to get on well with classmates.可知不知道怎样和同学相处是打架的原因，所以学习怎样交朋友是阻止打架的好方式，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

17．阅读理解

    Esperanza lives in a poor Latino（拉丁美洲的） neighbourhood in Chicago, America. She dreams of having her own house one day. Her parents told her that when they moved from their last house, they would have a new and shiny（亮闪闪的） house. But the house is small and old.

    Many people live in Mango Street, in a big old house, Esperanza lives behind it with her family. A lot of the people who have come from Mexico don't speak English. Many miss their home country. Esperanza understands their sadness, but she also feels at home in America. She is an American, but her roots（根） will always be Latino.

    Esperanza is young. Like her friends, she has to grow up fast. She is stuck between being a girl and being a woman. In the poor and dangerous area where she lives, this is difficult for her. Mexican people usually live in a close neighbourhood. This means that people live packed（挤塞的） in together. Everyone knows everyone else. So Esperanza knows other older girls that do things she is not comfortable doing. It is just a fact of her life.

    But Esperanza has good friends too. She becomes friends with two sisters named Lucy and Rachel. They ride bikes and have adventures（冒险） together. Esperanza is also friends with a girl named Alicia. Alicia is afraid of the rats in her apartment. She shares her poems with Esperanza.

（1）What is RIGHT about Esperanza?

A. She doesn't like what some of the older girls are doing.

B. She isn't quite used to her life in America.

C. She is an American and has a comfortable life.

D. She often lives with her friends enjoying doing things together.

（2）Where does Esperanza live?

A. In a big old house in Mango Street.

B. In a small and old house in Mango Street.

C. In a new and shiny house.

D. In a small and dangerous house.

（3）We can infer from the text that ______________.

A. many people who live in Mango Street are dangerous

B. Mango Street is an area where Esperanza's childhood is unforgettable

C. in Mango Street, people don't speak English

D. in Mango Street, everybody understands Esperanza s sadness

（4）What does the word "stuck" in the third paragraph mean?

A. hard to agree        B. hard to believe        C. hard to move        D. hard to have a correct idea

（5）The passage is mainly a simple introduction to ______________.

A. a person's experience

B. a person's friends

C. a place named Mango Street

D. love and sadness from Mango Street

【答案】 （1）A

（2）B

（3）A

（4）C

（5）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了Esperanza住在美国芝加哥一个贫穷的拉丁美洲街区，房子又小又旧，及其危险困难的生活。

（1）细节题。根据So Esperanza knows other older girls that do things she is not comfortable doing.可知Esperanza不喜欢其他女孩做的不舒服的事情，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据But the house is small and old. Many people live in Mango Street, in a big old house, Esperanza lives behind it with her family.可知Esperanza的房子是小的旧的，住在Mango Street的后面，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据In the poor and dangerous area where she lives, this is difficult for her可知住在Mango Street是危险和困难的，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据前句Like her friends, she has to grow up fast.像她的朋友一样，她不得不快速成长，所以卡在了女孩和妇女间，即很难移动，即hardto move，故选C。

（5）细节题。根据全文可知主要介绍了Esperanza住在美国芝加哥一个贫穷的拉丁美洲街区，房子又小又旧，及其危险困难的生活。即个人经历的介绍，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

18．阅读理解

    Schools in the UK are cutting time spent on PE lessons because of exam pressures. Secondary school teachers said that older teenagers were especially likely to miss out, because the time spent on physical education for 14-16 -year-olds had fallen in the past five years.

    Teachers said that increased pressure to produce exam results was leading to children being pulled out of PE lessons. One in three said exam pressures were behind the decline, and they said subjects such as English and Maths had been given more time at the cost of PE.

    Almost all of the teachers from the 487 schools said PE should be more valued for its advantages to young people. Mental health experts also warned that cutting down on exercise could increase children's mental health problems. Cal Strode, spokesman for the Mental Health Foundation, said cutting PE time would be "short-sighted and dangerous". He said, "It is worrying to hear that PE is being cut at a time when students are facing problems with stress and anxiety in increasing numbers. There's a close relationship between mental and physical health."

    Tom Madders, director of campaigns at charity Young Minds, said, "Schools' cutting down on physical education because of exam pressures is worrying. Schools that value health also do better in study, so it makes sense to keep good health, rather than putting children under more pressure."

    Rising exam stress has been raised as a problem by experts who warn that children are under greater pressure because of a competitive jobs market. Ali Oliver, an expert, said, "The PE is good for physical and mental health. So cutting down physical education time is depriving young people of these advantages at a time when they need them most."

（1）What do we know about the text?

A. Schools that value health do worse in study.

B. Good physical health is good for mental health.

C. Many teachers don't realize the importance of PE

D. Children in the UK have serious mental problems.

（2）_______ said that Cutting PE time would be "short-sighted and dangerous".

A. The teachers in the UK.               B. Tom Madders               C. Cal Strode               D. Ali Oliver

（3）According to the text, the exam pressure is from ______.

A. future work

B. poor mental health

C. parents' expectations

D. schools' requirements

（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. The importance of physical education

B. Teachers' support of getting more PE time

C. The serious problems of education in the UK

D. Schools' cutting down PE time for exam pressure

【答案】 （1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了学校因为考试的压力减少体育课的时间，以及减少体育课带来的问题。

（1）细节题。根据 Mental health experts also warned that cutting down on exercise could increase children's mental health problems There's a close relationship between mental and physical health." 可知身体健康对心理健康有好处。故选B。

（2）细节题。根据 Cal Strode, spokesman for the Mental Health Foundation, said cutting PE time would be "short-sighted and dangerous".可知，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据 Rising exam stress has been raised as a problem by experts who warn that children are under greater pressure because of a competitive jobs market.可知考试的压力是来自于竞争激烈的就业市场，故选A。

（4）主旨题。根据文章内容，本文主要介绍了学校因为考试的压力减少体育课的时间，以及减少体育课带来的问题。故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和主旨题都是常考题型。细节题要注意细节从文中找答案；主旨题需要通读全文了解大意之后找出中心思想。

19．阅读理解

    It's a cold, grey Sunday afternoon in March. The British are all working in their gardens. They're digging, cutting leaves and planting new seeds（种子）. By summer, their gardens will be full of bright colors.

    The British love their gardens. A British newspaper recently asked people for their opinions about them. Around 70% of the people felt it was important to spend time in the garden, and over 50% of these described gardening as the most enjoyable thing they ever did.

    Only one in ten houses in Britain do not have a garden. People who live in houses without gardens often rent（租用） land from the government.

    At first, only very rich people had gardens. You can still see the gardens around houses with a long history, such as Chatsworth House or Castle Howard. In the early twentieth century, however, gardening became a hobby. People bought different kinds of seeds and plants for their gardens. Although roses, sunflowers and tomatoes are often grown in British gardens, they originally（起初） grew wild in other countries.

    Every year, there are competitions for the largest vegetables, but don't expect to win：Britain's biggest carrot is almost six metres long.

（1）In summer, British gardens are often          .

A. covered with grey leaves and plants

B. colorful with different plants

C. too hot for people to work there

D. full of people digging there

（2）A recent survey showed that          of the British felt it important to do some gardening.

A. around 70%                       B. over 50%                       C. only 20%                       D. about 10%

（3）We can infer from Paragraph 4 that          .

A. seeds were provided for free

B. roses were first grown in Britain

C. gardening is a hobby in the world

D. the owner of Chatsworth House was rich

（4）What does the writer mean by the underlined sentence?

A. It is common to grow carrots.

B. It is hard to win the competition.

C. The carrot is much easier to grow.

D. The carrot is their favorite vegetable.

【答案】 （1）B

（2）A

（3）D

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是讲述了英国人喜欢种花园的事情。

（1）细节题。根据By summer, their gardens will be full of bright colours.可知是五颜六色的植物，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据Around 70% of the people felt it was important to spend time in the garden，可知大概70%人们觉得花时间在花园里很重要 ，故选A。

（3）推理题。根据At first, only very rich people had gardens. You can still see the gardens around houses with a long history, such as Chatsworth House，可知Chatsworth House得主人是富有的，故选D。

（4）词义猜测题。根据Every year, there are competitions for the largest vegetables, but don't expect to win: Britain's biggest carrot is almost six metres long. 可知想要超过6米长的胡萝卜很难，所以赢比赛很难，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。

20．阅读理解

    Except for a few times, Americans are not big present-givers. There's no exchange of presents among business people, and if one American tries to give another a present, it may look like that he wants to bribe（贿赂） him. Americans have learned that in some other countries people like to give presents to others, but among ourselves we don't see the need for presents.

    Even friends may never exchange presents. When I go to foreign countries, I try to bring back little things for close friends, but nobody would feel unhappy if I didn't. I don't often remember a friend's birthday, and few people outside of my family remember mine. If someone gave me presents too often, I'd get unpleasant. But a present from a foreigner-that kind from his or her homeland-won't go wrong, except to government employees（政府职员） who can't be given presents.

    You usually open a present at once and in front of the person who gives it except Christmas and birthday presents. You should only say, "It's so nice. Thanks…" when you get Christmas or birthday presents.

    You may want to bring a bottle of wine（葡萄酒） or flowers to a dinner party, but you're never asked to. Nobody will mind if you bring wine, but your friend may not use it that evening.

    At Christmas we often give presents to our family and sometimes our friends. We also give presents to people who have been helpful during the year—doormen, babysitters, housecleaners, newspaper senders—anyone who has often helped us.

（1）What kind of presents don't Americans usually open in front of the givers?

A. The small presents.

B. Christmas or birthday presents.

C. The expensive presents.

D. The presents for dinner party.

（2）Which of the following do you think is RIGHT?

A. American business people don't want presents because they are rich enough.

B. The writer of this passage must be an American.

C. Everyone must give presents to one's family and friends at Christmas.

D. Government employees can get little presents from a foreigner.

（3）What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Present-giving in the United States.

B. Customs（习俗） in the United States.

C. American people and present-giving.

D. When and how to give presents.

【答案】 （1）B

（2）B

（3）A

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了美国人送礼物的文化风俗。美国人不会经常互送礼物的，因为他们认为是在贿赂，尤其是政府官员。但他们在圣诞节会给某些人送礼物的，以便来感谢他们。

（1）细节题。根据You usually open a present at once and in front of the person who gives it except Christmas and birthday presents.可知对于圣诞礼物和生日礼物，美国人通常不在给予者面前打开礼物 ，故选B。

（2）细节题。 根据第一段的第一句话可判断A是错误的。根据第一段第一句话和第二段可推断B项是正确的。根据最后一段可知在圣诞节不是给每个人礼物的，可知C项是不正确的。根据第一段和第二段最后一句话可推断D项是错误的。故选B。

（3）主旨题。 根据整篇文章大意可知本文介绍了美国人送礼物的文化风俗，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

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