absolute abs.
abstract abstr.
#addition addn.
additional(ly) addnl.
adenosine 5'-diphosphate ADP
adenosine 5'-monophosphate AMP
adenosine triphosphatase ATPase
adenosine 5'-triphosphate ATP
adrenocorticotropin ACTH
#alcohol(ic) alc.
#aliphatic aliph.
alkaline alk.
alkalinity* alky.
all valence electron AVE
alternating current a.c.
amount amt.
ampere (unit) A
#analysis* anal.
#analytical(ly) anal.
angstrom unit Å**
anhydrous anhyd.
apparatus app.
approximate(ly) approx.
approximation approxn.
#aqueous aq.
#aromatic arom.
associate assoc.
associated assocd.
associating assocg.
#association assocn.
asymmetric(al)(ly) asym.
atmosphere (unit) atm.
atmospheric atm.
#atomic at.
atomic mass unit amu
atomic orbital AO
augmented plane wave APW
average av.
Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer BCS
barrel (unit) bbl
becquerel (unit) Bq
billion electron volts (unit) GeV
biochemical oxygen demand BOD
body centered cubic bcc.
Bohr magneton (unit) mB**
boiling point b.p.
British thermal unit Btu
bushel (unit) bu
butyl (normal) Bu
#calculate calc.
#calculated calcd.
#calculating calcg.
#calculation calcn.
calorie (unit) cal
carboxymethyl cellulose CM- cellulose
#chemical(ly) chem.
chemical oxygen demand COD
chemically pure CP
#chemistry chem.
circular dichroism CD
#clinical(ly) clin.
coefficient coeff.
#coenzyme A CoA
coherent potential approximation CPA
commercial(ly) com.
complete neglect of
differential overlap CNDO
composition compn.
compound compd.
concanavalin A ConA
#concentrate conc.
#concentrated concd.
#concentrating concg.
#concentration concn.
#conductivity* cond.
configuration interaction CI
constant const.
containing contg.
corrected cor.
coulomb (unit) C
coupled electron pair approximation CEPA
#critical crit.
#crystalline cryst.
#crystallization crystn.
#crystallized crystd.
#crystallizing crystg.
cubic feet per minute (unit) cfm
curie (unit) Ci
current density c.d.
cyclic AMP cAMP
cyclic GMP cGMP
cytidine 5'-diphosphate CDP
cytidine 5'-monophosphate CMP
cytidine 5'-triphosphate CTP
debye unit D
decompose decomp.
decomposed decompd.
decomposing decompg.
#decomposition decompn.
#degradation degrdn.
degree Celsius centigrade (unit) °C**
degree Fahrenheit (unit) °F**
degree Kelvin °K
degree of polymerization d.p.
density d.
deoxyribonuclease DNase
deoxyribonucleic acid DNA
derivative deriv.
#determination detn.
determine det.
#determined detd.
determining detg.
diameter diam.
diatomics-in-molecules DIM
diethylaminoethyl cellulose DEAE-cellulose
differential thermal analysis DTA
dilute dil.
diluted dild.
diluting dilg.
dilution diln.
dimethylformamide DMF
diphosphopyridine nucleotide NAD
direct current d.c.
disintegrations per minute (unit) dpm
dissociate dissoc.
dissociated dissocd.
dissociating dissocg.
#dissociation dissocn.
#distillation distn.
#distilled distd.
#distilling distg.
effective dose ED
#electric(al)(ly) elec.
electrocardiogram ECG
electroencephalogram EEG
electromagnetic unit emu
electromotive force emf.
electron paramagnetic resonance ESR
electron spin resonance ESR
electron volt (unit) eV
electrostatic unit esu
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ELISA
#equilibrium(s) equil.
equivalent (unit) equiv.
#equivalent equiv.
especially esp.
estimate est.
estimated estd.
estimating estg.
estimation estn.
ethyl Et
ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid EDTA
evaporate evap.
evaporated evapd.
evaporating evapg.
evaporation evapn.
#examination examn.
#examined examd.
#examining examg.
experiment expt.
experimental(ly) exptl.
extended Hueckel molecular orbital EHMO
extract ext.
extracted extd.
extracting extg.
#extraction extn.
face centered cubic fcc.
farad (unit) F
fermentation fermn.
flavin adenine dinucleotide FAD
flavin mononucleotide FMN
floating spherical Gaussian orbital FSGO
foot (unit) ft
foot-pound (unit) ft-lb
follicle-stimulating hormone FSH
freezing point f.p.
gallon (unit) gal
gauss (unit) G
Gaussian-type orbital GTO
gram (unit) g
gravitational constant g
gray (absorbed radiation dose) (unit) Gy
guanosine 5'-diphosphate GDP
guanosine 5'-monophosphate GMP
guanosine 5'-triphosphate GTP
hectare ha
henry H
#hemoglobin Hb
hertz (cycles/sec) (unit) Hz
hexagonal close-packed hcp.
highest occupied molecular orbital HOMO
hour (unit) h
Hueckel molecular orbital HMO
hundredweight (unit) cwt
hydrogenic atoms in molecules HAM
immunoglobulin Ig
inch (unit) in.
independent electron pair approximation IEPA
infrared IR
inhibitory dose ID
inosine 5'-diphosphate IDP
inosine 5'-monophosphate IMP
inosine 5'-triphosphate ITP
intermediate neglect of differential overlap INDO
international unit IU
interstitial cell-stimulating hormone ICSH
intramuscular(ly) i.m.
intraperitoneal(ly) i.p.
intravenous(ly) i.v.
#irradiation irradn.
iterative extended Hueckel molecular
orbital IEHMO
joule (unit) J
kelvin (unit) K
laboratory lab.
lethal dose LD
linear combination of atomic orbitals LCAO
linear combination of fragment
configuration LCFC
liquid liq.
liter (unit) L
low energy electron diffraction LEED
lowest unoccupied molecular orbital LUMO
lumen (unit) lm
luteinizing hormone LH
lux (unit) lx
magnetohydrodynamics MHD
manufacture manuf.
manufactured manufd.
manufacturing manufg.
mathematical(ly) math.
maximum(s) max.
maxwell (unit) Mx
#mechanical(ly) mech.
melanocyte-stimulating hormone MSH
melting at m.
melting point m.p.
melts at m.
messenger RNA mRNA
metabolism metab.
meter (unit) m
methyl Me
mile (unit) mi
miles per hour (unit) mph
minimum(s) min.
minute (unit) min
miscellaneous misc.
#mixture mixt.
modified neglect of diatomic overlap MNDO
molal (unit) m
molar (unit) M
mole (unit) mol
#molecular mol.
molecular orbital MO
#molecule mol.
molecules-in-molecules MIM
month (unit) mo.
multiconfigurational self-consistent
field MC-SCF
#negative(ly) neg.
neglect of diatomic differential overlap NDDO
neglect of nonbonded differential
overlap NNDO
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide NAD
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
phosphate NADP
nicotinamide mononucleotide NMN
nuclear magnetic resonance NMR
nuclear quadrupole resonance NQR
number no.
observed obsd.
oersted (unit) Oe
ohm (unit) Ω **
optical rotatory dispersion ORD
#organic org.
ounce (unit) oz
#oxidation oxidn.
Pariser-Parr-Pople PPP
partial neglect of differential overlap PNDO
parts per billion (unit) ppb
parts per million (unit) ppm
pascal (unit) Pa
perturbational molecular orbital PMO
phenyl Ph
#physical(ly) phys.
pint (unit) pt
poise (unit) P
#polymerization polymn.
#polymerized polymd.
#polymerizing polymg.
#positive(ly) pos.
potential difference p.d.
pound (unit) lb
pounds per square inch (unit) psi
pounds per square inch absolute (unit) psia
pounds per square inch gage (unit) psig
#powdered powd.
#precipitate ppt.
#precipitated pptd.
#precipitating pptg.
#precipitation pptn.
preparation prepn.
prepare prep.
prepared prepd.
preparing prepg.
#production prodn.
propyl (normal) Pr
#purification purifn.
qualitative(ly) qual.
#quantitative(ly) quant.
quart (unit) qt
radioimmunoassay RIA
random phase approximation RPA
#reduction redn.
reference ref.
reflection high energy electron
diffraction RHEED
reproduction reprodn.
resolution resoln.
#respective(ly) resp.
respiratory quotient RQ
restricted Hartree-Fock RHF
revolutions per minute (unit) rpm
ribonuclease RNase
ribonucleic acid RNA
ribosomal RNA rRNA
roentgen (unit) R
roentgen equivalent man (unit) rem
roentgen equivalent
physical (unit) rep
saponification sapon.
saponified sapond.
saponifying sapong.
saturate sat.
#saturated satd.
saturated calomel electrode SCE
saturating satg.
#saturation satn.
scanning electron microscopy SEM
second (unit) s
self-consistent field SCF
separate(ly) sep.
separated sepd.
separating sepg.
separation sepn.
siemens (unit) S
Slater-type orbital STO
#solubility* soly.
#soluble sol.
#solution soln.
specific gravity sp. gr.
specific volume sp. vol.
specific weight sp. wt.
standard std.
steradian (unit) sr
stokes (unit) St
subcutaneous(ly) s.c.
#symmetric(al)(ly) sym.
tablespoon (unit) tbs
teaspoon (unit) tsp
#technical(ly) tech.
temperature temp.
tesla (unit) T
tetrahydrofuran THF
theoretical(ly) theor.
thermodynamic(s) thermodn.
thyroid-stimulating hormone TSH
titration titrn.
triethylaminoethyl cellulose TEAE-cellulose
triphosphopyridine nucleotide NADP
ultraviolet UV
United States Pharmacopeia USP
unrestricted Hartree-Fock UHF
uridine 5'-diphosphate UDP
uridine 5'-monophosphate UMP
uridine 5'-triphosphate UTS
UV photoelectron spectroscopy UPS
volt (unit) V
volume vol.
watt (unit) W
weber (unit) Wb
week (unit) wk
weight wt.
x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy XPS
yard (unit) yd
year (unit) yr
zero differential overlap ZDO
* Terms whose plurals are not automatically abbreviated by adding "s."
# If prefixed, these words are generally abbreviated. For examples, see the list of "Abbreviations for some common prefixed terms" which precedes Listing A.
** For representation in computer-readable files see "Listing of Characters and Symbols in Computer-Readable Files."
A ampere (unit)
Å angstrom (unit)
abs. absolute
abstr. abstract
a.c. alternating current
ACTH adrenocorticotropin
addn. addition
addnl. additional(ly)
ADP adenosine 5'-diphosphate
alc. alcohol(ic)
aliph. aliphatic
alk. alkaline
alky. alkalinity
AMP adenosine 5'-monophosphate
amt. amount
amu atomic mass unit
anal. analysis, analytical(ly)
anhyd. anhydrous
AO atomic orbital
app. apparatus
approx. approximate(ly)
approxn. approximation
APW augmented plane wave
aq. aqueous
arom. aromatic
assoc. associate
assocd. associated
assocg. associating
assocn. association
asym. asymmetric(al)(ly)
at. atomic
atm atmosphere (unit)
atm. atmospheric
ATP adenosine 5'-triphosphate
ATPase adenosine triphosphatase
av. average
AVE all valence electron
bbl barrel (unit)
bcc. body centered cubic
BCS bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer
BOD biochemical oxygen demand
b.p. boiling point
Bq becquerel (unit)
Btu British thermal unit
Bu butyl (normal)
bu bushel (unit)
mB Bohr magneton (unit)
C coulomb (unit)
°C degree Celsius (centigrade) (unit)
cal calorie (unit)
calc. calculate
calcd. calculated
calcg. calculating
calcn. calculation
cAMP cyclic AMP
c.d. current density
CD circular dichroism
CDP cytidine 5'-diphosphate
CEPA coupled electron pair approximation
cfm cubic feet per minute (unit)
cGMP cyclic GMP
chem. chemical(ly), chemistry
CI configuration interaction
Ci curie (unit)
clin. clinical(ly)
CM-cellulose carboxymethyl cellulose
CMP cytidine 5'-monophosphate
CNDO complete neglect of differential overlap
CoA coenzyme A
COD chemical oxygen demand
coeff. coefficient
com. commercial(ly)
compd. compound
compn. composition
ConA concanavalin A
conc. concentrate
concd. concentrated
concg. concentrating
concn. concentration
cond. conductivity
const. constant
contg. containing
cor. corrected
CP chemically pure
CPA coherent potential approximation
crit. critical
cryst. crystalline
crystd. crystallized
crystg. crystallizing
crystn. crystallization
CTP cytidine 5'-triphosphate
cwt hundred weight (unit)
D debye unit
d. density
d.c. direct current
DEAE-cellulose diethylaminoethyl cellulose
decomp. decompose
decompd. decomposed
decompg. decomposing
decompn. decomposition
degrdn. degradation
deriv. derivative
det. determine
detd. determined
detg. determining
detn. determination
diam. diameter
dil. dilute
dild. diluted
dilg. diluting
diln. dilution
DIM diatomics-in-molecules
dissoc. dissociate
dissocd. dissociated
dissocg. dissociating
dissocn. dissociation
distd. distilled
distg. distilling
distn. distillation
DMF dimethylformamide
DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
DNA deoxyribonucleic acid
DNase deoxyribonuclease
d.p. degree of polymerization
dpm disintegrations per minute (unit)
DTA differential thermal analysis
ECG electrocardiogram
ED effective dose
EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
EEG electroencephalogram
EHMO extended Hueckel molecular orbital
elec. electric(al)(ly)
ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
emf. electromotive force
emu electromagnetic unit
equil. equilibrium
equiv equivalent (unit)
equiv. equivalent
esp. especially
ESR electron spin resonance,
electron paramagnetic resonance
est. estimate
estd. estimated
estg. estimating
estn. estimation
esu electrostatic unit
Et ethyl
eV electron volt (unit)
evap. evaporate
evapd. evaporated
evapg. evaporating
evapn. evaporation
examd. examined
examg. examining
examn. examination
expt. experiment
exptl. experimental(ly)
ext. extract
extd. extracted
extg. extracting
extn. extraction
F farad
°F degree Fahrenheit (unit)
FAD flavin adenine dinucleotide
fcc. face centered cubic
fermn. fermentation
FMN flavin mononucleotide
f.p. freezing point
FSGO floating spherical Gaussian orbital
FSH follicle-stimulating hormone
ft foot (unit)
ft-lb foot-pound (unit)
g gram (unit)
g gravitational constant
G gauss (unit)
gal gallon (unit)
GDP guanosine 5'-diphosphate
GeV billion electron volts (unit)
GMP guanosine 5'-monophosphate
GTO Gaussian-type orbital
GTP guanosine 5'-triphosphate
Gy gray (absorbed radiation dose) (unit)
h hour (unit)
H henry (unit)
ha hectare (unit)
HAM hydrogenic atoms in molecules
Hb hemoglobin
hcp hexagonal close-packed
HMO Hueckel molecular orbital
HOMO highest occupied molecular orbital
Hz hertz (cycles/sec) (unit)
ICSH interstitial cell-stimulating hormone
ID inhibitory dose
IDP inosine 5'-diphosphate
IEHMO iterative extended Hueckel molecular orbital
IEPA independent electron pair approximation
Ig immunoglobulin
i.m. intramuscular(ly)
IMP inosine 5'-monophosphate
in. inch (unit)
INDO intermediate neglect of differential overlap
i.p. intraperitoneal(ly)
IR infrared
irradn. irradiation
ITP inosine 5'-triphosphate
IU international unit
i.v. intravenous(ly)
J joule (unit)
K kelvin (unit)
L liter (unit)
lab. laboratory
lb pound (unit)
LCAO linear combination of atomic orbitals
LCFC linear combination of fragment configuration
LD lethal dose
LEED low energy electron diffraction
LH luteinizing hormone
liq. liquid
lm lumen (unit)
LUMO lowest unoccupied molecular orbital
lx lux (unit)
m meter (unit)
m molal (unit)
M molar (unit)
m. melts at, melting at
manuf. manufacture
manufd. manufactured
manufg. manufacturing
math. mathematical(ly)
max. maximum
MC-SCF multiconfigurational self-consistent field
Me methyl (not metal)
mech. mechanical(ly) (not mechanism)
metab. metabolism
MHD magnetohydrodynamics
mi mile (unit)
MIM molecules-in-molecules
min minute (unit)
min. minimum(s)
misc. miscellaneous
mixt. mixture
MNDO modified neglect of diatomic overlap
mo month (unit)
MO molecular orbital
mol mole (unit)
mol. molecule, molecular
m.p. melting point
mph miles per hour (unit)
mRNA messenger RNA
MSH melanocyte-stimulating hormone
Mx maxwell (unit)
NAD nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
NADP nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
NDDO neglect of diatomic differential overlap
neg. negative(ly)
NMN nicotinamide mononucleotide
NMR nuclear magnetic resonance
NNDO neglect of nonbonded differential overlap
no. number
NQR nuclear quadruple resonance
obsd. observed
Oe oersted (unit)
Ω ohm (unit)
ORD optical rotatory dispersion
org. organic
oxidn. oxidation
oz ounce
P poise (unit)
Pa pascal (unit)
p.d. potential difference
Ph phenyl
phys. physical(ly)
PMO perturbational molecular orbital
PNDO partial neglect of differential overlap
polymd. polymerized
polymg. polymerizing
polymn. polymerization
pos. positive(ly)
powd. powdered
ppb parts per billion (unit)
ppm parts per million (unit)
PPP Pariser-Parr-Pople
ppt. precipitate
pptd. precipitated
pptg. precipitating
pptn. precipitation
Pr propyl (normal)
prep. prepare
prepd. prepared
prepg. preparing
prepn. preparation
prodn. production
psi pounds per square inch (unit)
psia pounds per square inch absolute (unit)
psig pounds per square inch gage (unit)
pt pint (unit)
purifn. purification
qt quart (unit)
qual. qualitative(ly)
quant. quantitative(ly)
R roentgen (unit)
redn. reduction
ref. reference
rem roentgen equivalent man (unit)
rep roentgen equivalent physical (unit)
reprodn. reproduction
resoln. resolution
resp. respective(ly)
RHEED reflection high energy electron diffraction
RHF restricted Hartree-Fock
RNA ribonucleic acid
RNase ribonuclease
RPA random phase approximation
rRNA ribosomal RNA
rpm revolutions per minute (unit)
RQ respiratory quotient
s second (unit)
S siemens (unit)
sapon. saponification
sapond. saponified
sapong. saponifying
sat. saturate
satd. saturated
satg. saturating
satn. saturation
s.c. subcutaneous(ly)
SCE saturated calomel electrode
SCF self-consistent field
SEM scanning electron microscopy
sep. separate(ly)
sepd. separated
sepg. separating
sepn. separation
sol. soluble
soln. solution
soly. solubility
sp. gr. specific gravity
sp. vol. specific volume
sp. wt. specific weight
sr steradian (unit)
St stokes (unit)
std. standard
STO Slater-type orbital
sym. symmetric(al)(ly)
T tesla (unit)
tbs tablespoon (unit)
TEAE-cellulose triethylaminoethyl cellulose
tech. technical(ly)
temp. temperature
theor. theoretical(ly)
thermodn. thermodynamic(s)
THF tetrahydrofuran
titrn. titration
TSH thyroid-stimulating hormone
tsp teaspoon (unit)
UDP uridine 5'-diphosphate
UHF unrestricted Hartree-Fock
UMP uridine 5'-monophosphate
UPS UV photoelectron spectroscopy
USP United States Pharmacopeia
UTP uridine 5'-triphosphate
UV ultraviolet
V volt (unit)
vol. volume
W watt (unit)
Wb weber (unit)
wk week (unit)
wt. weight
XPS x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
yd yard (unit)
yr year (unit)
ZDO zero differential overlap
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