2018高考英语语法填空类阅读练习及答案：侧重句子结构

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云南临沧市2018高考英语语法填空类阅读练习及答案：侧重句子结构

高考语法填空：侧重句子结构

句子与句子的逻辑关系

　(a)并列与递进关系： and, or, also，neither…nor…,either…or…,likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is to say ,as well as, the same …as, besides, additionally, furthermore, moreover, in addition to ,what is more

　(b)因果关系：because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, so…that, consequently, accordingly, due to, thanks to, as a result ,because of ,in that, for this reason, of course

　(c)转折让步关系：but, however, yet, on the contrary, by contrast, on the other hand, unfortunately, while, whereas, unlike, rather than ,instead of, it is true that, of course, although, though, even though, even if, nevertheless, despite, in spite of

　(d)时间关系：afterwards, at first, at last, finally, first, firstly, in the first place, to start with，in the mean time, last, later, next, second, secondly, then, third, thirdly, to begin with以及一些具体的时间。

注意：when可以作连词，可翻译为“突然......”常用于下列句式：

1） sb was doing sth. when…

2） sb was about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth when…

3） sb had just done sth when…..

连接词

（1）定语从句

A.相关概念

高考语法填空选练题

语法填空。 (2016·河北三市第二次联考)

I found one time that helping someone could get you into a lot of trouble.

I was in the 1. (nine) grade at the time,and we were having a final test.During the test,the girl 2. (sit) next to me whispered something,but I didn’t understand.Finally I found that she was trying to ask me3. I had an extra pen.She showed me that 4. (her) was out of ink and would not write.I happened to have an extra one,so I put it on her desk.

Later,after the test papers had been turned in,the teacher5. (ask) me to stay in the room when all the other students were dismissed.As soon as we were alone she began to talk to me about how important it was6. (stand) on your own two7. (foot) and be responsible for your own acts.For a long time,she talked about honesty and emphasized the fact8. when people do something dishonest,they are really cheating themselves.She made me promise that I would think9. (serious) about all the things she had said,and then she told me I could leave.I walked out of the room wondering why she had chosen to talk to me10. all those things.

Later on,I found out that she thought I had cheated on the test.

【解题导语】帮助别人有时会招致麻烦。考试时,“我”为了帮助一位女生,将一支备用的钢笔给她,未料监考老师却认为“我”作弊。

1.ninth　考查序数词。根据the和grade可以判断,此处表示那时“我”在九年级,空处表示“第九”,故用ninth。

2.sitting　考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知,空处修饰前面的名词the girl,两者存在主谓关系,故用动词-ing形式做后置定语。

3.if/whether　考查宾语从句。根据语境可知,“我”终于明白她在试图问“我”是否有额外的钢笔。空处引导宾语从句,故用if或whether。

4.hers　考查代词。分析该句结构可知,空处充当宾语从句的主语,故用名词性物主代词hers,指代“她的钢笔”。

5.asked　考查动词的时态。根据该句中的were dismissed 并结合语境可知,该句叙述的是过去发生的事,故用一般过去时。

6.to stand　考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知,该句中的it做形式主语,故用动词不定式做真正的主语,后面的be也是提示。

7.feet　考查名词的数。根据空处前的two可知,空处应用复数,意为“双脚”,故用feet。

8.that　考查同位语从句。分析该句结构可知,该句为同位语从句,空处后的内容说明名词fact的具体内容,故用that引导同位语从句。

9.seriously　考查副词。根据空处前的think可知,空处修饰该动词,故用副词形式。

10.about　考查介词。talk to sb. about sth.为固定搭配,意为“就某事和某人交谈”。

2016年高考题

【2016·全国新课标I】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top____61_(attract).

So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I_____62_（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be __63___(official) given to me at a ceremony in London. But my connection with pandas goes back ____64__ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, ____65_ I was the first Western TV reporter__66___ (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include ____67_(introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.

On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _____68_ (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few __69__( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, __70____ other is with mum-she never suspects.

【答案】

61. attraction 62. was allowed 63. officially 64. to 65. when

66. permitted 67. introducing 68. its 69. days 70. the

65. when考查定语从句。后面是非限制性定语从句，从句缺少状语，因为先行词是时间，故填when。

66. permitted 考查过去分词。被修饰的名词和permit之间是被动关系，用过去分词。

67. introducing考查动名词。介词后面应该用动名词形式。

68. its考查代词。修饰名词用形容词性的物主代词，故填its。

69. days考查名词复数。Few修饰复数名词。

【归纳总结】修饰复数名词的词和短语包括：many, few, a few, several, a number of, hundreds of等。修饰不可数名词的词和短语包括：much, a little, little , a bit of等。既能修饰复数名词又能修饰不可数名词的词和短语包括：more , such, plenty of, a lot of , lots of, a quantity of, quantities of等。

70. the考查冠词。固定短语：one …the other“一个……另一个”。

考点：语法填空

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

【2016高考训练】

“It takes an entire village to raise a child.” That’s an old proverb(谚语) that is being quoted more and more often these days. And I’m pleased about that.

Today, more and more schools are reaching out to involve parents, community members and businesses to help shape a child’s future.

Parents need to be involved in their children’s education in many ways. Helping children with homework and studying, going on a field trip, teaching a craft or coaching a child’s sports team are all great ways to be involved with your child’s education. And don’t forget to communicate with teachers---they need and respect your input. Studies show that children learn more and schools function better when parents and schools work together. It’s important to stay in touch with your child’s education all through his or her school career.

Communities can help children create and achieve new goals. Help with homework, read to a child, coach a children’s team, or provide emotional support. Help solve problems and build self-esteem. Kids need role models and advisers can be role models by sharing their experiences and wisdom.

Businesses can also help shape our children’s future. Invite a class from your local school to visit your workplace. You may be providing a glimpse that opens a new world of possibilities. Show students what goes on during a typical day. Give a mini course for students: how to use a computer; how products are made; how machinery works. You may have a developing electrician, teacher, nurse, or even a newspaper reporter on your hands.

It really does take an entire village to raise a child. So share the responsibility---and the joy---of bringing a child to his or her full potential.

1. The implied advice in the proverb “It takes an entire village to raise a child.” is that ______.

A. All the people in a village should give food to a child.

B. Schools, parents, and other organizations should share the responsibility

of shaping a child’s future.

C. Children’s should be brought up in the village where they were born.

D. Schools should be set up in the village where a child was raised.

2.. The text was written mainly for _______________.

A. parents and members in organizations

B. teachers and students

C. newspaper reporters and developing electricians

D. education experts and government officials

3. Students can get developed in practical working skill through ______.

A. parental involvement B. community activities

C. business training D. school teaching

4. Which is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Parents play an important part in children’s education.　

B. Communities have not a bit effect on the way to new and high ideal.

C. Educating a child well demands of the work not only from school but from other organizations.

D. Businesses may arrange some training courses for students.

参考答案、BACB

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。

【2016高考训练】

Many people find themselves caught up in others’ problems, and then confused about how and when to help. In fact, all relationships need limits no matter whether they are friendships, sibling relations, mates/ lovers or business relations. On some level, all limit setting means saying no. However, it is usually a qualified “no” that says what, where, when, and under what conditions you will give or not give to another person. There are three points we should keep in mind about limit setting:

1.Decide where to set the limits. Think about the entire situation. Consider your time, emotions, and means. Then consider whether you are helping the other person. Aim to do something to help the other person without taking on the whole problem.

2.Express the limits clearly. For example, you say to your friend, “ I will lend you $20,000 no more than once every three months. And I expect you will pay me back within three months and certainly before you can borrow more.” You say to another friend, “you can stay here for three weeks but you must help me with expenses and cooking and make sure that you will find your own place before the three weeks is up”.

3.Stick to your limits. You are not responsible for making the other person obey the limits. You are only responsible for following the limits yourself. Your friend has repaid $12,500 of his/her $20,000 and asks for $20,000 more. You say no. He/She gets emotional and then says, “I need this money to cover a bad check. If you cared for our friendship, you would do it”.

Limit setting is often stressful and painful because people mistakes it for rejection. And limit setting certainly brings guilt. Bear in mind, it doesn’t mean you have given up or quit loving your friend, lovers, or sibling. It does mean you are expressing that love in a different and more helpful (to both of you) manner.

1. According to the passage, setting limits means___________________.

A. refusing always to say yes to your friend

B. saying no to your friend who turns to you

C. making different kinds of friends D. breaking away from your friend

2.Once you decide to set limits, you should________________________.

A. announce it publicly to others B. tell your friend about it clearly

C. be responsible for your friend D. begin to help your friend

3.We can learn from the last paragraph that limit setting______________.

A. is often misunderstood B. is actually a kind of rejection

C. does harm to your friendship D .contains both love and hate

4. What would be the best title for the passage?

A. About friendship B. How to make friends