画龙点睛的阅读答案

画龙点睛的阅读答案

【篇一：文言文阅读训练】

僧繇于金陵安乐寺，画四龙于壁，不点睛。每曰：“点之则飞去。”人以为诞，因点其一。须臾，雷电破壁，一龙乘云上天，未点睛者皆在。

2 金陵：今江苏南京市。 3 诞：虚妄，荒唐。

1、 解释下面加点字

每日（ ） 未点睛者皆在（ ） 雷电破壁（ ） ．．．

须臾（） ．．

2、 翻译下列句子

（1） 人以为诞，因点其一

（2） 须臾，雷电破壁，一龙乘云上天，未点睛者皆在。

（二） 执竿八城

1、 解释下面加点字

执长竿（ ） 入城门者（ ） 初竖执之（ ） ．．．

俄有（ ） 何不以（） 遂依（ ） ．．．

2、 翻译下面句子

吾非圣人，但见事多矣！何不以锯中截而入？

3、 这则笑话告诉我们做事、学习都不要：

（三） 路边苦李

王戎七岁，尝与诸小儿游，看道边李子树多子折枝，诸儿竞走取之，唯戎不动。人问之，答说曰：“树在道边而多子，此必苦李。”取之信然。

1、 解释下列加点词

尝与诸小儿游（）折枝（） ．．．

竞走取之（ ）取之信然（ ） ．．．．．．

2、 翻译画横线句子

（四）

孙权劝学 初 ，权谓吕蒙曰：“卿今当涂掌事，不可不学！”蒙辞以军中多 务。权曰：“孤岂欲卿治经为博士邪?但当涉猎，见往事耳。卿言多务，孰若孤？孤常读书，自以为大有所益。”蒙乃始就学。

及鲁肃过寻阳，与蒙论议，大惊曰：“卿今者才略，非复吴下阿蒙！”蒙曰：“士别三日，即更刮目相待，大兄何见事之晚乎！”肃遂拜蒙母，结友而别。

一、填空

1、《孙权劝学》选自 ，该书是（朝代）（人名）主持编纂的一部 体通史，记载了从 到 共1362 年间的史事。

2、《孙权劝学》的原因是：；《孙权劝学》的学习方法是：；《孙权劝学》劝的语言是： ；《孙权劝学》的成果是： (以上均填原句)。

3、鲁肃的话表现了他 的感情，也从侧面写出了；文末的“ ”（原文）更进一步阐明了这一点。

4、文中可以提炼的一个成语是：

二、 给下列加点字注音。

卿（ ） 涉猎（ ） 孰（ ） 遂（ ）

三、 解释加点词。

1、当涂掌事 当 ； 2、蒙辞以军中多务 辞 ；

3、治经为博士邪 治 ； 4、但当涉猎 涉猎；

5、见往事耳 见： 。6、蒙乃使就学乃： ；

7、卿今者才略 才略； 8、即更刮目相看。 刮 ；

四、写出下列加点词语意思，其中意义完全相同的是（ ）。

a.｛但当涉猎( )｛门当户对 ( )

b.｛自以为大有所益 ( )｛多多益善 ( )

c.｛见往事耳 ( ) ｛往事不堪回首 ( )

d.｛卿今者才略( ) ｛卿今当涂掌事 ( )

五、选择对下列虚词解释正确的一项。

1．蒙辞以军中多务（ ） a．把 b．被 c．用 ．

2．即更刮目相待（） a．立即 b．就是 c．如果，假如 ．

3．蒙乃始就学（ ） a．于是 b．却 c．只，仅仅 ．

4．结友而别（ ） a．并且 b．但是 c．连接前后两个动作，不译。 ．

1．卿今当涂掌事，不可不学。

译文：你今天掌管权事，不可以不学习啊。（）

2．孤岂欲卿治经为博士邪！

译文：我哪里是让你研究儒家经典做个博学多才的人呀！（ ）

3．卿今者才略，非复吴下阿蒙！

译文：你今天的才干和谋略，不再是在吴县时的阿蒙啊！（）

七、翻译下列句子。

1、孤岂欲卿治经为博士邪！

__________________________________________________________

2、但当涉猎，见往事耳。

__________________________________________________________

3、大兄何见事之晚乎？

_________________________________________________________

八、问答题：

1、文中最突出的描写方法是什么？

答：______________________________________________________。

2、本文所揭示的道理对你有什么启示？

答：______________________________________________________。

（五） 哀溺问序

永之氓咸善游。一日，水暴甚，有五、六氓乘小船绝湘水。中济，船破，皆游。其一氓尽力而不能寻常。其侣曰：“汝善游最也，今何后为？”曰：“吾腰千钱，重，是以后也。”曰：“何不去之？”不应，摇其首。有顷，益怠。已济者立岸上呼且号曰：“汝愚之甚，蔽之甚，身且死，何以货为？”又摇其首。遂溺死。吾哀之。且若是，得不有大货之溺大氓者乎？于是作《哀溺》。

暴：涨 绝：渡过。

【篇二：2016届高三英语二轮复习 题型攻略 专题1 阅读理解 位高“分”重 第5节 画龙点睛 勾勒篇章结构检测】

>passage a

a month after hurricane katrina, i returned home in new orleans.there lay my house，reduced to waist-high rains, smelly and dirty.before the trip，i’d had my car fixed.when the office employee of the garage was writing up the bill, she noticed my louisiana license plate.“are you from new orleans？”she asked.i said i was. “no charge，” she said，and firmly shook her head when i reached for my wallet.the next day i went for a haircut，and the same thing happened.

as my wife was studying in florida, we decided to move there and tried to find a rental house that we could afford while also paying off a mortgage(抵押贷款)on our ruined house.we looked at many places, but none was satisfactory.we’d begun to accept that we’d have to live in extremely reduced circumstances for a while，when i got a very curious e-mail from a james kennedy in california.he’d read some pieces i’d written about our sufferings for state，an online magazine and wanted to give us(“no conditions attached”)a new house across the lake from new orleans.it sounded too good to be true，but i replied，thanking him for his exceptional generosity，that we had no plans to go back.then a poet of the university of florida offered to let his house to us while he went to england on his one-year-paid leave.the rent was rather reasonable.i mentioned the poet’s offer to james kennedy, and the next day he sent a check covering our entire rent for eight months.

throughout this painful experience, the kindness of strangers backs my faith in humanity.it’s almost worth losing your worldly possessions to be reminded that people really want to be kind when given a chance.

1．which one shows the right time order?

①james kennedy sent us a check.

②a poet offered his house to us.

③our home was reduced to ruins.

⑤james kennedy offered a new house from new orleans.

a．④③⑤①②

c．④③⑤②① b．③④⑤②① d．③④⑤①②

2．what do you know about james kennedy?

a．he was a friend of the writer.

b．he offered the writer a house in california.

c．he worked for an online magazine.

d．he was concerned about the writer’s sufferings.

3．it can be inferred from the passage that ________.

a．the mortgage on the ruined house didn’t need to be paid off

b．the house rents in new orleans were reasonable after the hurricane

c．the writer rebuilt his faith in humanity by losing his worldly possessions

d．the writer made it through the painful period with people’s kindness

4．how is the passage developed?

a．by showing contrasting facts.

b．by making classification.

c．by giving examples.

d．by analyzing causes and effects.

1．解析：选b。可以通过确定③和④以及②和①的先后顺序来确定答案。

2．解析：选d。根据第三段中的he’d read some pieces i’d written about our sufferings for state，an online...可知选d。

3．解析：选d。根据最后一段可知选d。

4．解析：选c。作者是列举了飓风之后发生的一系列事实来叙述的。

passage b

you signed up for soccer, and played every game of the season.sure, you’re not the best player on the team, but most days you gave it your all.do you deserve a trophy(奖杯)?

if the decision is up to carol dweck, the answer would likely be no.she’s a psychology professor at stanford university, california.she says a player doesn’t have to be the best to get a trophy.but those who receive an award should have to work for it.she suggests trophies go to the most improved player，or the one who contributed most to the team spirit，as well as to those who play the best. “the trophy has to stand for something，”dweck told tfk.“if we give a trophy to everyone, then the award has no value.”dweck argues that giving kids trophies for particular reasons，such as improving in a sport，teaches kids that adults value hard work and trying our best.

others say that there’s no harm in giving awards to all kids who play a sport, regardless of how they played or whether or not they improved.

“i think we should encourage kids’participation in sports，” says kenneth barish, a psychology professor at weill cornell medical college, in new york city.“a trophy is one way to encourage kids’efforts.”

barish argues that when we single_out only the best or even the most improved players with a trophy, we are teaching kids the wrong lesson.we are sending the message that winning is everything.“winning is only part of the equation(等式)，” barish told tfk.“playing sports also teaches kids about teamwork and the importance of exercise.”

“there will be plenty of opportunity for kids to learn about competition as they get older，”says barish.they’ll soon realize that only one soccer team wins the world cup and only one football team wins the super bowl.for now, he thinks there’s nothing wrong with letting all kids who play a sport feel like winners.that means trophies for everyone.

5．according to carol dweck, which player should receive a trophy?

a．tony, the most attractive player of the soccer team.

b．david, a soccer player who is both clever and funny.

c．peter, who is ready to help his partners to score goals.

d．jim, a soccer player who tries his best to win the game.

6．the underlined phrase “single out” in paragraph 6 probably means “________”．

a．honour

c．value b．choose d．stress

7．

which shows the correct structure of the text?

【语篇解读】 如果孩子参加体育比赛，那么是不是每个人都该得到奖杯呢？文章就这个问题给出了两种不同的看法。

5．解析：选c。根据第二段可知，斯坦福大学的心理学教授carol dweck认为，获奖的运动员未必是最好的运动员。她认为，进步最大的、对团队精神贡献最多的和表现最佳的运动

员都应获奖。故c项正确。

6．解析：选b。根据第六段可知，barish认为，当我们挑选出最佳球员或进步最大的球员并授予他们奖杯的时候，我们给孩子们传递了一个错误的信号：获胜就是一切。因此画线的短语“single out”意为“挑出”。

passage c

when someone says“shark” most people think of a big，toothy，underwater animal；basically we are imagining a great white.in fact sharks come in all shapes，sizes and even colors！follow me please；i’d like to show you a very special small shark commonly known as horn sharks，only found in the coastal waters of northwest north america.

look at this shark，and you can easily see the horns on it and you will know the reason why it is called the horn shark is that it has the broad，flattened head and two large horn-like spines(脊椎)found behind its eyes and make it one of the hardiest of all shark species.what makes it unique is that as its enemy attempts to swallow it，the spines on its back will stick into the enemy’s mouth and give a good chance for it to get away.

the horn shark is brown in color with black spots all over its body.the adults can reach up to a length of 4 feet and weigh up to 10 kg.an interesting fact about the horn shark is that it has five gills(鳃)．the horn shark is a clumsy swimmer using its flexible pectoral fins(胸鳍)to push itself along the bottom of the ocean.the maximum distance that has ever been recorded for a horn shark to have traveled out from its habitat is 10 miles.

today，as so little is known about its population off the californian coast，they have been listed as being “data deficient” in the world conservation union.the horn shark is being threatened both by water pollution and commercial fishing in the area.though they are not among those sea creatures hunted primarily for food，they often get caught as a by-catch in fishing expeditions.

8．the horn shark gets its name for ________.

a．its small size

b．its large eyes

c．its two large spines

d．its brown color with spots

9．how is paragraph 3 mainly developed?

a．by giving descriptions.

b．by following time order.

c．by analyzing causes.

d．by making comparisons.

10．which factors contribute to the horn sharks’being on the “data deficient” list?

①that people like hunting them for pets.

②that people fish them for fun.

③water pollution off the coast.

④knowing little about the population.

a．①②

c．①④ b．②③ d．③④

11．according to the passage, all of the following are unique to the horn shark except that________.

a．it doesn’t travel far

b．it is good at swimming

c．its spines can be used to attack the enemy and escape

d．it is only found in the coastal waters of northwest north america

8．解析：选c。细节理解题。根据文章第二段可知，它之所以被称作角鲨，是因为它有两个角状的脊椎在眼睛的后面。故c项正确。

9．解析：选a。逻辑结构题。本题主要考查对段落结构的理解能力。文章第三段采用的是描述方法。先描述身体颜色，再描述身体的长度、形状等。b项“根据时间顺序”；c项“分析原因”；d项“作比较”都不符合。

10．解析：选d。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段可知d项正确。①②的表述均与文章不符，不是为了“捕它们作宠物”，也不是为了“娱乐”，而是出于商业目的。

11．解析：选b。推理判断题。题干的意思“根据文章，下面哪个不是角鲨的特性”，b项“善于游泳”不是特性，我们从常识的角度也可以进行判断。其他鲨鱼也是善于游泳的，其他三项在文中均有表述，为角鲨的特性。故b项正确。

【篇三：《墨妙亭记》阅读答案及翻译】

轼

熙宁四年十一月，高邮孙莘老①自广德移守吴兴。其明年二月，作墨妙亭于府第之北，逍遥堂之东，取凡境内自汉以来古文遗刻以实之。

吴兴自东晋为善地，号为山水清远。其民足于鱼稻蒲莲之利，寡求而不争。宾客非特有事于其地者不至焉。故凡守郡者，率以风流啸咏投壶饮酒为事。自莘老之至，而岁适大水，上田皆不登，湖人大饥，将相率亡去。莘老大振廪劝分，躬自抚循劳来，出于至诚。富有余者，皆争出谷以佐官，所活至不可胜计。当是时，朝廷方更化立法，使者旁午，以为莘老当日夜治文书，赴期会，不能复雍容自得如故事。而莘老益喜宾客，赋诗饮酒为乐，又以其余暇，网罗遗逸，得前人赋咏数百篇，以为《吴兴新集》，其刻画尚存而僵仆断缺于荒陂野草之间者，又皆集于此亭。是岁十二月，余以事至湖，周览叹息，而莘老求文为记。

或以谓余凡有物必归于尽而恃形以为固者尤不可长虽金石之坚俄而变坏至于功名文章其传世垂后乃为差久今乃以此托于彼是久存者反求助于速坏。此既昔人之惑，而莘老又将深檐大屋以锢留之，推是意也，其无乃几于不知命也夫。余以为知命者，必尽人事，然后理足而无憾。物之有成必有坏，譬如人之有生必有死，而国之有兴必有亡也。虽知其然，而君子之养身也，凡可以久生而缓死者无不用，其治国也，凡可以存存而救亡者无不为，至于无可奈何而后已。此之谓知命。是亭之作否，无足争者，而其理则不可以不辨。故具载其说，而列其名物于左云。

（选自私刻《古文观止》）

[注]①孙莘老：名觉，曾任吴兴（湖州）太守，熙宁五年二月建造墨妙亭，以藏古代碑刻法帖。

16．对下列语句中加点词语的解释，不正确的一项是（ ） （3分）

a．而岁适大水，上田皆不登 登：登上，到达。

b．躬自抚循劳来，出于至诚 抚循：抚恤。

c．不能复雍容自得如故事 故事：先例。

d．使者旁午 旁午：交错频繁。

17．下列加点的词意义、用法相同的一组是（ ） （3分）

a．寡求而不争 凡可以久生而缓死者无不用

b．宾客非特有事于其地者不至焉 富有余者

c．率以风流啸咏投壶饮酒为事 将相率亡去

d．皆争出谷以佐官 余以事至湖

18．下列对文章内容的分析，不正确的项是（ ） （3分）

a．文章第一段是点题，交代孙莘老建造墨妙亭的时间、地点和用意。

b．文章第二段记述孙莘老在勤政之余，用心搜罗古文碑刻。

c．文章第三段是议论，主要是批判孙莘老的做法糊涂。

d．物必归于尽一句，画龙点睛，是全文的主旨。

19．用/给文中画波浪线的部分断句。 （3分）

或以谓余凡有物必归于尽而恃形以为固者尤不可长虽金石之坚俄而变坏至于功名文章其传世垂后乃为差久今乃以此托于彼是久存者反求助于速坏。

20．把文中画线的语句译成现代汉语。（7分）

（1）其刻画尚存而僵仆断缺于荒陂野草之间者，又皆集于此亭。（3分）

（2）此既昔人之惑，而莘老又将深檐大屋以锢留之，推是意也，其无乃几于不知命也夫。

参考答案：

12.a(特：特别)

13.c (①把，②用来，③和④都是所字结构)

14.d(例句与d项都是状语后置句，a定语后置，b宾语前置，c被动句)

15.虽知其然/ 而君子之养身也/ 凡可以久生而缓死者无不用/ 其治国也/ 凡可以存存而救亡者无不为/ 至于无可奈何而后已/ 此之谓知命。

【译文】

熙宁四年(1071)十一月，江苏高邮的孙莘老(孙觉)从广德军任上迁任湖州知州(相当于古代的吴兴太守)。第二年二月，建了一座墨妙亭位于他的府第北面、逍遥堂东边，搜集湖州境内东汉以来的古代诗词文章刻石用以充实亭中。

浙江吴兴自从东晋以来就是首善之地，号称是山水清秀。当地百姓凭借着打鱼、种植水稻、

收获莲子蒲草生活富足，很少贪欲而又与世无争。宾客不是有急事非得到此，一般的不到这里来。所以凡是到这里来的吴兴郡太守，大都是悠然逍遥，平时把题诗作赋、在投壶中游乐饮酒当成正事。

自从孙莘老来到这里，正值当年发大水，连上等良田也没有收成，湖州老百姓饥饿严重，许多人争相逃亡他乡。孙辛老开仓赈济灾民，劝说有余粮的人家把粮食分给没粮的百姓，亲自巡视灾情，慰问、安顿回来的灾民，其真情至真至诚。于是，富裕人家，都争相贡献出自己家的余粮以支持官府，使得灾民免于死亡的不计其数。正当这时，朝廷推行王安石变法，朝廷派来的使者交错频繁，世人都认为孙莘老肯定会日夜书写文书，到了进见朝廷使臣的时候，也不可能还像以前那样仍然保持雍容自得的神态。而孙莘老却更加喜欢前来的宾客，诗饮酒以为欢乐，又利用剩余时间，大力搜集以往的古代诗文，得到前人的诗赋题咏数百篇，汇集成《吴兴新集》，对于古代刻石字画凡是还存在或者是倾倒残破被抛弃在荒坡野草当中的，又都搜集到这座亭子当中。这一年的十二月，我因为办公事来到湖州，巡视一周，为之惊叹，而孙莘老又请我为他写一篇记述文章。

有人对我说：凡是事物必有毁灭的时候，而凭借物质形态看似坚固的事物尤其不能长久。虽然青铜器和历代刻石看起来坚固，但不久也会变坏，至于人们追求的功名文章，传播给后世，还算比较长久的。如果把可以长久传世的功名文章借助不多久就变坏的碑刻来保存，实际上是把本来可以长久保存的东西反而借助于速坏的形态，这是过去人们的一种困惑，而孙莘老又修筑深檐大房子用以严密保存这些金石碑刻，推测他的意思，好像他不知道事物的这种命运。我认为真正知道事物命运的人，必定会采取措施，竭尽全力，然后理当如此也就没有可遗憾的了。事物有生成就必然会有坏的时候，正像人生有生就必然有死，国家有兴旺也就必然会有灭亡。虽然知道这是必然的规律，但有贤德的人修身养性，对于一切有助于长生而延缓衰老的方法无不利用;治理国家，凡是能够使得国家长久昌盛而能够挽救灭亡的方法也无不使用，直到实在没有一点办法时才不得不罢休。这就是所谓的知道命运。这个亭子的建造过程，没有什么可争议的，而其中的道理不能不辨析一番。所以列举了这些说法，而列举亭子当中所搜藏的文物于左侧

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