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首页 > 2019版高考英语一轮复习精选题辑：语法强化训练（二）非谓语动词 Word版含解析

2019版高考英语一轮复习精选题辑：语法强化训练（二）非谓语动词 Word版含解析

发布时间：2019-03-15 15:28:04 来源：文档文库

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语法强化训练(二)　非谓语动词

基础达标

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)This included digging up the road, ________ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.

【答案】laying　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，63空所在的句子中已有谓语动词included，且空处不与included作并列谓语，故空处应填非谓语动词。included后的dig，lay，build是三个并列的动作，根据digging及building可知，lay也应用动名词形式。

2．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But unlike her school friends,16yearold Sarah is not spending halfterm 41. ________ (rest)．

【答案】resting　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，41空所在的句子中已有谓语动词is not spending，且空处不与其作并列谓语，故空处应填非谓语动词。spend time (in) doing sth.表示“花费时间做某事”。

3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants ________ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty.

【答案】to prove　want to do sth.“想要做某事”，是固定用法。

4．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough ________ (cool)the house during the hot day; at the same time, they warm up again for the night.

【答案】to cool　be＋adj.＋enough to do sth.“足够……来做某事”。

5．(2016·江苏，28)In art criticism，you must assume the artist has a secret message ________ (hide) within the work.

【答案】hidden　句意：在艺术评论中，你必须假定艺术家在作品中有一定有隐含信息。设空处在句中作定语，message与hide之间存在逻辑上的被动关系，且设空处表示动作已完成，故用过去分词形式。

6．(2017·浙江卷6月)Sixteen years earlier, Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring ________ (cook) a meal.

【答案】to cook　此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to cook。

7．(2017·北京卷)Jim has retired, but he still remembers the happy time ________ (spend) with his students.

【答案】spent　time和spend之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。

8．(2017·天津卷)I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train ________ (catch)．

【答案】to catch　此处应用动词不定式作后置定语。

9．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)People probably cooked their food in large pots, ________ (use) twigs(树枝) to remove it.

【答案】using　主语people与use之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。

10．(2016·浙江卷)A sudden stop can be a very ________ (frighten) experience, especially if you are travelling at high speed.

【答案】frightening　此处修饰名词experience，根据句意此处指“令人可怕的经历”，所以experience名词前面用动词的ing形式作定语。

11．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My ambassadorial duties will include ________ (introduce) British visitors to the 120plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.

【答案】introducing　include为及物动词，后面应用动名词形式作宾语。

12．(2017·浙江卷6月)Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got ________ (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden, where it remained until the carrot's leafy top accidentally sprouted(生长) through it.

【答案】swept　此处the ring与sweep之间为被动关系，故用过去分词，构成get done结构。

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)When summer comes, they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables！________

【答案】pick前加to　考查非谓语动词。invite sb. to do sth.“邀请某人做某事”，故应在pick前加to。

2．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)We can choose between staying at home and take a trip.________

【答案】take→taking　between...and... “在……和……之间”，是固定结构。and前后连接的是并列成分。and前用了动名词staying，and后也应用动名词，故把take改为taking。

3．(2015·浙江卷)I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view.________

【答案】sit→sitting　enjoy后跟动名词作宾语。故sit改为sitting。

4．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes. ________

【答案】wear→wearing　by是介词，后接动名词短语作宾语。

5．(2015·四川卷)We've been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars.________

【答案】sing→singing　spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．(2018·湖北武昌区高三调考)The Yangtze River，________(know) in China as the Chang Jiang is the longest river in Asia and the longest in the world to flow entirely within one country.

【答案】known　主语the Yangtze River和know之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语，表被动。

2．(2018·玉溪一中第二次月考)You lose weight for a while, only ________ (gain) back more weight when you stop your weight loss program.

【答案】to gain　“only＋不定式”表示意想不到的结果。

3．(2018·湖北八校第一次联考)No one can ignore the rich culture ________ (date) back to ancient times changing into the modern age at a speed and scale that has never been witnessed.

【答案】dating　考查非谓语动词。date和句子谓语动词ignore之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词形式，且词组date back to没有被动形式，故用现在分词短语作后置定语。

4．(2018·洛阳第一次统考)The 15yearold boy from Oakland has fascinated audiences in the U．S. and China with his ability ________ (sing) pitchperfect Mandarin (普通话) and perform the ancient Chinese art form.

【答案】to sing　考查非谓语动词。ability to do sth.意为“做某事的能力”，为固定词组搭配，故用不定式作后置定语。

5．(2018·湖南六校联盟高三联考)Of course, ________ (enjoy) a nice meal with friends, whatever we eat, can also impact our spirits. Being with friends and family plays a big part in experiencing happiness.

【答案】enjoying　考查非谓语动词。分析该句结构可知，此处为动名词短语在句中作主语。

6．(2018·广东七校联合体第二次联考)We went to a fast food restaurant for dinner together. My husband went to the counter ________ (order) dishes and I stood with my parents.

【答案】to order　考查动词不定式。句意：我的丈夫去柜台订餐，我和我的父母在一起站着。空处表示去柜台的目的，故用动词不定式。

7．(2018·合肥第一次检测)Emperor Qin Shihuang simplified Chinese characters and regular rules were set, ________ (make) it easier for people to learn and master.

【答案】making　考查非谓语动词。动词make与其逻辑主语是主谓关系且与上文之间无连词，故用现在分词making在此处作状语。

8．(2018·重庆西北狼教育联盟第一次联考)I felt like an idiot. I should not have left without charging my cell phone. The battery was dead and I was alone without any way ________ (contact) my family.

【答案】to contact　考查不定式。设空句意：我手机电池没有电了，我独自一人，没有办法和家人联系。根据any way和句意可知，应用动词不定式作any way的后置定语。

9．(2018·贵州适应性考试)When you meet people from different cultures，it is important ________ (understand) what you can and cannot do.

【答案】to understand　考查动词不定式。分析该句结构可知，该句使用了it is/was＋adj.＋to do sth.的句型，其中it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。

10．(2018·福建省普通高中毕业班质量检测)With my eyes tightly ________(close)，I dived in and made my way to the other end.

【答案】closed　考查非谓语动词。此处是with的复合结构，即：with＋名词/代词＋非谓语动词，在句子中作状语。close和其逻辑主语my eyes构成动宾关系，故用过去分词形式。

11．(2018·山西长治二中等五校一联)With a ________(puzzle)look on my face, I pointed to myself and said，“Me？”

【答案】puzzled　句意为：脸上带着疑惑的表情，我指着自己说：“我吗？”a puzzled look疑惑的表情；a puzzling look令人疑惑的表情。

12．(2018·河南八市重点高中二次质检)I felt hopeless and alone，and more ________(depress) than I knew was possible.

【答案】depressed　句意为：我感到绝望、孤独及前所未有过的沮丧。设空处作felt的表语，故填depressed。

13．(2018·四川成都七中诊断)To his surprise, Jack found his son ________ (dress) as Santa Claus on Christmas Eve.

【答案】dressed　句意：使杰克惊讶的是，他发现儿子在圣诞节前夜被装扮成了圣诞老人。此处为“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，用过去分词作宾语补足语。dress意为“给(某人)穿衣”，常用于dress sb.或sb.be/get dressed结构。

14．(2018·福建龙岩五校期中)Very often，opportunities come quietly and go by without ________(notice)．

【答案】being noticed　句意为：机会常常是悄无声息地来，又默默而去。介词(without)后需用动名词作宾语；主语与notice之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用being noticed。

15．(2018·浙江宁波九校联考)I like staying up late ________(watch) TV，surfing the Internet or doing something I'm fond of.

【答案】watching　逻辑主语I与watch之间为主动关系，表示伴随状态，故填现在分词watching。

Ⅱ.单句改错

1．(2018·广东七校第二次联考)I like travelling and my dream of visit Beijing, the capital city of our country, came true during the National Day holidays this year. ________

【答案】visit→visiting　考查动名词。of为介词，后接动名词作宾语。

2．(2018·西安六校联考)Before heard his answer, she started to read him almost every single greeting card out loud until the elderly man smiled. ________

【答案】heard→hearing　考查动名词。before为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词，故用hear的动名词形式hearing。

3．(2018·重庆南开中学月考)The Chinese restaurant naming New Panda Buffet provides genuine Chinese food, which many diners have given 5star reviews. ________

【答案】naming→named　restaurant与name之间为被动关系，因此应用过去分词作后置定语。故将naming改为named。

4．(2018·湖北武汉高三调考)Last Sunday was my birthday, so I invited some guys go out with me for a celebration. ________

【答案】go前加to　动词invite后应用不定式作其补足语，即invite sb. to do sth.。

5．(2018·重庆西北狼教育联盟第一次联考)So I would like to advise you not to hurt yourself to trying to make money. ________

【答案】trying→try　考查动词不定式。此处是动词不定式表目的，故to 后应用动词原形try。

6．(2018·吉林吉大附中月考)Thought that his solution might be wrong, I carefully analyzed the problem and tried to work it out in a different way. ________

【答案】Thought→Thinking　分析句子结构可知，Thought that his solution might be wrong在句中作状语，think与其逻辑主语I之间为主动关系，因此应用现在分词形式。故将Thought改为Thinking。

7．(2018·南昌十校二模)68% of the students surveying have studying anxiety as well as poor eyesight. ________

【答案】surveying→surveyed　非谓语动词错误。本句中的谓语动词是have，故students后应是分词作后置定语，survey与所修饰的students构成被动关系，所以用过去分词。

8．(2018·河南八市重点高中质检)There is a grown tendency nowadays for some people to treat animals as living meat and walking fur. ________

【答案】grown→growing　根据is可知，此处表示“正在增长的趋势”，而不是已经增长的趋势，所以用现在分词growing作定语。故将grown改为growing。

9．(2018·湖北武昌区高三调考)If there is no aim in our lives, we will get lose. ________

【答案】lose→lost　get这里起一个系动词的作用，相当于become，后接过去分词，表状态，get lost意为“失踪的，迷路的”。

10．(2018·长沙一模)The boy brought his guitar to the stage，worn a fashionable hat which made him seem so mysterious.________

【答案】worn→wearing　考查非谓语动词。动词wear和主语The boy之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。

能力提升

Ⅰ.语法填空

(2018·济南市高三针对性训练)

Last summer，I began the biggest adventure of my life.I moved from a tiny city in England to one of the largest __1__(city) in the world.

As the plane touched down in Beijing，I __2__(feel) that I'd finally arrived after months of planning.One of the first things I did was visit the city's hutongs.With the warm air filled with the smell of delicious food，I was __3__ (happy) working my way through the restaurants，__4__ were located in the hutongs.

I am slowly getting used to the different way of life，__5__ I still find some habits here quite strange and __6__ (humour)．British people are raised not to make any sort of bodily noise at the dinner table or in public，so it was __7__ funny culture shock at first to hear the sharping of Chinese dinners or the throatclearing sounds of colleagues.Something else I have discovered is the attention that being a foreigner brings.Sometimes，some people stare and try to make secret photos of me.

My dream is __8__(buy) a motorbike and travel from one end to the other of this beautiful country，__9__ (take)photos and meeting new people along the way.My adventure in China is only just beginning，and I can't wait to see __10__ it turns out.

【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者初来北京所接触到的不同的文化习俗。

1．cities　考查名词复数。one of后接复数名词，表示“……之一”。故填cities。

2．felt　考查动词的时态。根据第一段中的“last summer”以及本段使用过去时态可知，此处谓语动词应用一般过去时。故填felt。

3．happily　考查词性转换。应用副词修饰动词“working”。故填happily。

4．which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词“the restaurants”在从句中作主语，指物，所以用关系代词which引导。

5．but　考查连词。此处指“我”慢慢习惯了不同的生活方式，但“我”仍然觉得这儿的一些习惯很奇怪。此处表示转折。故填but。

6．humorous　考查词性转换。根据本句中的“strange”可知，连词“and”连接并列的形容词作宾语补足语。故填humorous。

7．a　考查冠词。culture shock意为“文化冲击”，此处泛指一次文化冲击；且funny的读音以辅音音素开头，所以其前应用不定冠词a。

8．to buy　考查非谓语动词。语境表示，“我”的梦想是买一辆摩托车。此处应用动词不定式作表语。故填to buy。

9．taking　考查非谓语动词。根据本句中的“meeting”可知，连词and连接并列的现在分词作状语。故填taking。

10．how　考查宾语从句。句意为：我在中国的奇遇才刚刚开始，我迫不及待地想知道结果如何。此处用连接副词how引导宾语从句。故填how。

Ⅱ.短文改错

(2018·惠州市第二次调研)

Not long ago，I was touched by the reply from Tsinghua University to Wei Xiang，which aroused a heating discussion. As Wei Xiang lost his father in a very early age，he was brought up by her mother.Despite of serious illness，he overcame all difficulties and was admit to Tsinghua with high marks.He wrote a letter to Tsinghua to apply for a separate room，where his mother could take care of him in the next four year.In the reply，the school promise to satisfy all his requirements and encouraged him to have strong belief in life.It is not only the inspiring story but also the warmth from the university which attracts the public's attention.From Wei's story，I learned that hard work would final pay off.

【答案】

Not long ago，I was touched by the reply from Tsinghua University to Wei Xiang，which aroused a discussion. As Wei Xiang lost his father a very early age，he was brought up by mother.Despite serious illness，he overcame all difficulties and was to Tsinghua with high marks.He wrote a letter to Tsinghua to apply for a separate room，where his mother could take care of him in the next four.In the reply，the school to satisfy all his requirements and encouraged him to have strong belief in life.It is not only the inspiring story but also the warmth from the university attracts the public's attention.From Wei's story，I learned that hard work would pay off.

第一处：heating改为heated。考查形容词。那引起了一场激烈的讨论。故heated “激烈的”符合语境。

第二处：in改为at。考查介词。at a very early age“在很小的年纪”为固定搭配。

第三处：her改为his。考查代词。根据上文可知Wei Xiang是男性，故此处应用his。

第四处：删除of。考查介词。尽管得了严重的疾病，despite“尽管”后跟宾语时不需带of。

第五处：admit改为admitted。考查固定搭配。be admitted to“被接收(入学)”为固定搭配。

第六处：year改为years。考查名词复数。未来四年母亲能够在那儿照顾他，four后跟复数名词，故此处为years。

第七处：promise改为promised。考查时态。本文叙述的是过去的事情，且全文使用的均为一般过去时，故此处用promised。

第八处：have后加a。考查冠词。鼓励他对人生充满信心，have a strong belief in...“坚信……；对……怀有坚定信念”。

第九处：which改为that。考查特殊句型。正是他鼓舞人心的经历和来自清华大学的温暖吸引了公众的注意。本句为强调句型it be＋被强调部分＋that/who...，故改为that。

第十处：final改为finally。考查副词。此处表示“努力最终会得到回报”。修饰动词用副词，因此改为finally。

Ⅰ.语法填空

(2018·太原市高三年级模拟试题三)

With the development of modern society and high technology，children wear more and more beautiful and fashionable clothes.More children __1__(allow)to choose their favorite clothes，which is __2__ relatively new trend. Many years ago，children had to suffer the whims(突发奇想)of adults as far as clothes were concerned.Like __3__(adult) clothes，children's clothes followed fashions as well.About 120 years __4__，boys in Europe and America wore white anklelength dresses，just like their sisters，until they __5__(reach) the age of five.Older boys from wealthy __6__(family)were then dressed in pretty velvet(丝绒)suits __7__ lace collars.Their hair was grown to shoulder length __8__ longer.For many unlucky boys，these carefully planned and organized costumes were not reserved for special occasions；they had to wear the same __9__(restrict)and uncomfortable outfits for everyday play.Clean and proper clothes say that the person has both selfrespect and respect for other people.Clothing can tell quite a lot about the person，sometimes more than we would like to reveal.So we should pay more attention to __10__(wear) proper clothes in different occasions.

【解题导语】本文主要介绍了儿童服装的发展历史。

1．are allowed　考查动词时态和语态。主语children和句子谓语allow构成被动关系，且与该句中的is呼应，故用are allowed。

2．a　考查冠词。trend是可数名词，且第一次在语境中出现，故用不定冠词a修饰。

3．adults'　考查名词所有格。与该句中的children's clothes呼应可知，此处用adults'作定语。

4．ago　考查副词。与该句中的wore呼应可知，事情发生在过去，故用副词ago表时间，作状语。

5．reached　考查动词时态。与该句中的wore呼应可知，事情发生在过去，故用一般过去时形式。

6．families　考查名词复数。与该句中的boys呼应可知，此处表示复数的概念，故用families。

7．with　考查介词。with此处表示“带着”，后跟名词、代词或动名词，符合语境。

8．or　考查连词。根据语境可知，此处表示选择的含义，表示“或者”。

9．restrictive　考查形容词。根据and的提示可知，此处与uncomfortable呼应，故用形容词形式，作定语。

10．wearing　考查动名词。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用动名词wearing作介词to的宾语。

Ⅱ.短文改错

(2017～2018·太原市第一学期阶段测试)

Chinese is one of the world's most widely spoken languages.There are much different types of Chinese.For example，one type known as Mandarin，had almost a billion speakers.Outside of China，Chinese in some form is spoken Chinese communities worldwide.The different kinds of Chinese language use a same script.While someone from the north of China may need the speech of someone from the south interpreted，but it is not usually necessary to have written documents translating.In the early twenty century，a government language policy created Modern Standard Chinese，that is now the official language of China.It is one of the official language of the United Nations to develop more effectively communication.

【答案】

Chinese is one of the world's most widely spoken languages.There are different types of Chinese.For example，one type known as Mandarin， almost a billion speakers.Outside of China，Chinese in some form is spoken Chinese communities worldwide.The different kinds of Chinese language use same script.While someone from the north of China may need the speech of someone from the south interpreted, it is not usually necessary to have written documents.In the early century，a government language policy created Modern Standard Chinese， is now the official language of China.It is one of the official of the United Nations to develop more communication.