比较级的用法 ①双方比较,表示一方超过另一方时,用“比较级十 than”的结构表示.例如: This pen is better than that one. ②表示一方不及另一方时,用“ less十原级十 than”的结构表示.例如: This room is less beautiful than that one. ③表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时,可在比较前加表示程度的状语,如:even,a lot,a bit,a little,still,much,far,yet,by far等修饰.例如: He works even harder than before. 注意:英语的比较级前如无 even,still,或 yet等时,译成汉语时可用“较”或“……一些”或不译出,一般不可用“更”,如: She is better than she was yesterday.她比昨天好些了. Please come earlier tomorrow. 请明天早点来. 注意:by far通常用于强调最高级.用于比较级时,一般放在比较级的后面,如 在前面,应在二者中间加“ the”.如 He is taller by far than his brother. He is by far the taller of the two brothers. ④表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时,用“ the 十比较级(主语十谓语),the 十比 较级(主语十谓语)”的结构.例如: The harder he works,the happier he feels. ⑤不与其它事物相比,表示本身程度的改变时,用“比较级十 and十比较级”的结构.例如: The weather is getting colder and colder. The girl becomes more and more beautiful. ⑥某些以一 or结尾的形容词进行比较时,用 to代替 than.(这些词有inferior,superior,junior,senior,prior等.例如: He is superior to Mr Wang in mathematics. ⑦在比较从句中为了避免重复,我们通常用 that(those),one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。 that指物,one既可指人,也可指物.that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词,而one只能代替可数名词.例如: The book on the table is more interesting than that on the desk. A box made of iron is stronger than one made of wood. ⑧表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型: A) A is three(four,ete) times the size(height,length,width,ete) of B.例如; The new building is four times the size( the height) of the old one.这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(四倍高)。(这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍[高三倍]). B) A is three(four,etc) times as big(high,long,wide,etc.) as B.例如: Asia is four times as lareg as Europe,亚洲是欧洲的四倍大.(亚洲比欧洲大三倍.) C) A is three(four,etc.) times bigger ( higher,longer,wider,etc.) than B.例如: Your school is three times bigger than ours,你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍.(你们的学校是我们学校的四倍大.) 用 times表示倍数,一般只限于表示包括基数在内三倍或三倍以上的数.表示两倍可以用 twice或 double 3)最高级的用法 ①三者或三者以上相比,表示最高程度时,用“ the十最高级”的结构表示.这种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语.例如: Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.
②最高级可被序数词以及 much,by far,nearly,almost,by no means,not quite,not really,nothing like等词语所修饰. 例如: This hat is by far/much/nearly/almost/not nearly/by no means/not quite/nothing like the biggest. How much did the second most expensive hat coat? ③表示“最高程度”的形容词,如 excellent,extreme,perfect等,没有最高级,也不能用比较级. ④形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时,被修饰的词往往省略. He is the tallest(boy) in his class. ⑤作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词.例如 0f all the boys he came(the) earliest.
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