#2018年高考英语一轮单元总复习讲义精品荟萃:外研版必修1Module 6

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2018届高考英语一轮单元总复习讲义精品荟萃外研版必修一Module 6

知识详解

① contain  vt. 包含;包括,里面装有;含有;忍住,抑制

(回归课本P51>A CDROM is a separate disk that contains lots of information.b5E2RGbCAP

CDROM是一个包含了很多信息的单独的磁盘。

contain oneself自制

be contained between包含于……间,(>……

container n.容器,集装箱

【归纳总结】

①(高考陕西卷>Many spam emails contain computer viruses that can shut down the entire network of a company.p1EanqFDPw

很多垃圾邮件包含有计算机病毒,它能使一个公司的整个网络关闭。

②He was so excited that he could hardly contain himself. DXDiTa9E3d

他激动得不能自已。

③The Chinese diet is considered to be the healthiest in the worldwhich contains a lot of fruit and vegetables.中国饮食被认为是世界上最健康的,里面含有大量的水果和蔬菜。RTCrpUDGiT

【例句探源】

containinclude

(1>contain通常用来指某个容器中盛有某物、装有某物,还指某种物质中含有某成分或含有其他物质。指作为组成部分而被包含容纳在内。5PCzVD7HxA

(2>include通常表示把某事物作为其中的一部分包含在内。在句中常以sth.includedincluding sth.形式出现。jLBHrnAILg

【易混辨析】

①How much water does this bottle contain?

②Everyone hereincluding old peopletook part in the fight against the flood.xHAQX74J0X

③You are included among my friends.

【即境活用】

1He was worriedbecause he lost his bag________his passportID card and a lot of money.LDAYtRyKfE

Aincluded      Bincluding

Ccontained Dcontaining

解读:选Dcontain“装有,与bag构成逻辑上的主谓关系,因此用containing.句意:他很担心,因为他丢了装有护照、身份证和一大笔钱的包。Zzz6ZB2Ltk

2.Little Johnny felt the bagcurious to know what it____________.dvzfvkwMI1

Acollected      Bcontained

Cloaded Dsaved

解读:选B。句意:小Johnny摸了一下袋子,想知道里面装着什么东西。collect收集,搜集;contain含有,装有;load装载;save节省。rqyn14ZNXI

② access  n. 接近,通路;接近(或进入>的方法,到达(或进入、使用、走访>的权利(或机会>EmxvxOtOco

vt. 存(数据>;取(数据>;存取;访问;接近,使用

(回归课本P52>..to access information from millions of websites via the Internet.SixE2yXPq5

……通过因特网从数以百万的网站上获取信息。

access to接近……的机会,进入……的权利

have/get/gain/obtain access to 得以接近,得以会见,得以进入

accessible adj. 可到达的,可进入的;可理解的

be accessible to 易接近的;能进入的;可以理解的【注意】以上to为介词,后接名词、动名词。6ewMyirQFL

【归纳总结】

①Across the world,1.1 billion people have no access to clean drinking water.kavU42VRUs

全世界有11亿人无法获取干净的饮用水。

②The only access to that cottage is across the farmland.y6v3ALoS89

到达农舍的唯一通路是穿过农田。

③The Internet allows computer users to access information needed from the web.M2ub6vSTnP

因特网使得计算机用户可以到网站上去获取所需信息。

④A manager should be accessible to his staff.

经理应该让职员感到平易近人。

【例句探源】

3(高考浙江卷>The system has been designed to give students quick and easy________to the digital resources of the library.0YujCfmUCw

Aaccess         Bpassage

Cway Dapproach

解读:选A。句意是:这个系统是用来让学生更快更容易地使用图书室的数据资源。此句要用access构成give sb.access to...短语,意为使某人使用……”passage通过;通道;approach接近;通道。eUts8ZQVRd

【即境活用】

4.(高考江西卷>Frank put the medicine in the top drawer to make sure it would not be________to the kids.sQsAEJkW5T

Aaccessible Brelative

Cacceptable Dsensitive

解读:选A。句意是:弗兰克把药放在了最高层的抽屉中,是为了确保它不被孩子接触到。此句要用accessible表示容易取得的;容易接近的relative相关的;acceptable可接受的;sensitive敏感的。GMsIasNXkA

③ design  vt.& vi. 设计,构思;计划,谋划

n. 计划;企图;设计;意图;构思

(回归课本P52> He designed the first “web browser”which allowed computer users to access documents from other computers.TIrRGchYzg

他设计了第一个网络浏览器,可以让电脑用户从其他电脑上获取文件。

【归纳总结】

design...for...……设计……;为……拟定……

be designed for.../to do sth. 打算给……用的;目的是……

by design 有意地,故意地

①We have designed all our bank cards to make your life easier.7EqZcWLZNX

我们设计的所有银行卡都可以让你的生活更加便捷。

②The law was designed to protect abandoned children.lzq7IGf02E

这项法律旨在保护被遗弃的儿童。

③This kind of dictionary is designed for English beginners.zvpgeqJ1hk

这种字典是打算给英语初学者使用的。

【例句探源】

④I don’t know whether they did it by accident or by design.NrpoJac3v1

我不知道他们这样做是偶然地,还是故意地。

⑤Looking forward to receiving your creative designs!1nowfTG4KI

期待收到大家有创意的设计!

5These exercises are________develop and strengthen musclesso we all like to do.fjnFLDa5Zo

Adesigned for Bdesigning to

Cdesigned to Ddesigning for

解读:选C。由题干可知design与主语之间是动宾关系,所以排除BD两项,又因为develop为动词原形,排除A项,正确答案为CtfnNhnE6e5

【即境活用】

6.Scientists have developed a new system ________to give a warning seconds before an earthquake.HbmVN777sL

Ahaving been designed Bdesigned

Cto design Ddesigning

解读:选B。句意是:科学家们已开发出一个新的系统,这个系统被设计成在地震发生前几秒发出警报。此句要用过去分词形式designed作后置定语修饰system,表示被设计用来……”V7l4jRB8Hs

④ concentrate  v. 集中(注意力、思想等>;集中于一点;汇合

(回归课本P54>Concentrate on the good things about the Internet.83lcPA59W9

关注网上的好东西。

concentrate on/upon sth.集中精力于/全神贯注于……

concentrate one’s attention/efforts/...on...

把注意力/精力/……集中于……

concentrate oneself on...集中精力于……

concentration n.专心,专注,集中;汇集

with concentration聚精会神

concentrated adj.专心致志的;紧张的;密集的

【归纳总结】

①I can’t concentrate on my studies with the football match on.mZkklkzaaP

足球赛在进行,我无法专注地学习。

②A driver should concentrate on the road when driving.AVktR43bpw

开车时驾驶员的注意力应集中在路上。

③He should concentrate on getting good results in mathematics.ORjBnOwcEd

他应该集中精力提高数学成绩。

④(牛津P407>In this lecture I shall concentrate on the early years of Charles’s reign.2MiJTy0dTT

这一节课我将着重讲查理王朝的早期统治时期。

【例句探源】

7As a senior high studentI think you should________your attention on your skills of learning.gIiSpiue7A

Aspend      Bpay

Cuse D. concentrate

解读:选D。考查动词辨析。spend...on...“花费…………”,不合句意;pay attention后接介词to而不是onuse无此搭配;concentrate...on...“集中注意力于……”uEh0U1Yfmh

【即境活用】

⑤ consist of  由……组成(通常不用进行时及被动语态>

(回归课本P52>It consists of millions of pages of data.

它是由几百万页数据资料组成的。

【归纳总结】

① Life consists of not only sunshine but also hard times.IAg9qLsgBX

生活中不仅有阳光,还有艰难困苦的时候。

②The beauty of Venice consists largely in the style of its ancient buildings.WwghWvVhPE

威尼斯的美很大程度上在于城中古建筑物的风格。

【例句探源】

8.用适当的介词填空

(1>The true wealth does not consist ________ what we havebut ________ what we are.asfpsfpi4k

答案:inin

(2>The United Nations Organisation consists ________ over 160 nations.ooeyYZTjj1

答案:of

(3>His actions don’t consist ________ his words.

答案:with

【即境活用】

⑥ as well  也;另外,而且

(回归课本P52> It then became possible for universities to use the system as well.BkeGuInkxI

然后,大学使用这种系统也成为可能。

【归纳总结】

as well as 意为和,同,连接并列主语时,谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致;还可表示……一样好as well常用于肯定句句末,表示还,也等意思。may/might as well表示请求、建议,mightmay语气更委婉,意思是最好,何不,不妨等。PgdO0sRlMo

①We’re going to the cinema tonightwhy don’t you come along as well?3cdXwckm15

我们今晚去看电影,你为什么不一起去?

②Of courseI’ll do some reading for funand for knowledge as well.h8c52WOngM

当然,我会读些书,为了消遣,也为了获取知识。

③(高考重庆卷>Science can be a force for evil as well as for good.v4bdyGious

科学可以成为善的推动力,也可以成为恶的推动力。

【例句探源】

9________the danger from another attack of earthquakepeople had to overcome a shortage of fooddrinking watermedicineclothing and almost everything.J0bm4qMpJ9

AAs far as        BAs well as

C As bad as DAs much as

解读:选B。句意:人们要克服的困难既包括食物、饮用水、药品、衣物等短缺,还包括再一次地震的危险。as well as“……之外也……”XVauA9grYP

【即境活用】

⑦ come up with 提出/想出(计划、方案等>;赶上

(回归课本P52>He came up with the idea of the World Wide Web in 1989 while he was working in Switzerland.bR9C6TJscw

1989年他在瑞士工作时,提出了万维网的构想。

come across偶遇,偶然发现

come true实现

come out出版;出来

come about发生

come to来到(某地>;加起来总共;恢复知觉come up走近,走上前;上楼,上来;(从土中>长出;被提出,被提及pN9LBDdtrd

when it comes to...涉及;谈到

【归纳总结】

①You can always trust him to come up with a solution to any difficult problem.DJ8T7nHuGT

你可以一直相信他能想出任何难题的解决方法。

②The bus came up with the truck and tried to pass it.QF81D7bvUA

那辆公共汽车赶上了那辆货车并试图超过它。

③The first thing you need to come up with is an idea for your club.4B7a9QFw9h

你首先应该构思一下你的俱乐部大致是什么样。

【例句探源】

10—Have you________some new ideas?

—Yeah.I’ll tell you later.

Acome about       Bcome into

Ccome up with Dcome out with

解读:选C。句意:——你提出了什么新想法吗?——噢,以后我会告诉你的。come about发生;come into进入,加入;come up with提出;come out with发表,公布。根据句意应为提出,故选Cix6iFA8xoX

【即境活用】

11.—Don’t bother me.I’m thinking of something.

—I know you want to__________some topics for your projectbut you should have a rest first.wt6qbkCyDE

Athink          Bput up

Ccome up with Dturn up

解读:选Cthink 后加of/out表示想出,想到put up“举起,搭起come up with“想出,提出turn up“出现。根据句意,可知C项为正确答案。Kp5zH46zRk

句型梳理

【教材原句】 BernersLee made it possible for everyone to use the Internetnot just universities and the army.(P52>Yl4HdOAA61

贝尔纳斯·李让每个人都能使用因特网成为可能,而不仅仅是大学和军队。

【句法分析】 made it possible属于“make+宾语+宾补,其中的宾补由名词、形容词、省略to的动词不定式和过去分词充当。如果宾语是不定式或宾语从句时,要用it作形式宾语,把不定式和宾语从句放到句末。ch4PJx4BlI

①We must make it clear to the public that something should be done to stop pollution.qd3YfhxCzo

我们必须使公众明白应该采取措施制止污染。

②I made it a rule to walk 2 kilometers a day.

我固定每天步行两公里路。

③We thought it wrong that the child should be left alone in the house.E836L11DO5

我们认为把孩子独自一个人留在家里是不对的。

④I consider it no use quarrelling with him about it.S42ehLvE3M

我认为和他争吵这件事情是没用的。

⑤You must keep it in mind that you are a student and you should obey the school rules.501nNvZFis

你一定要记住:你是一个学生,应该遵守学校的规定。

12(高考辽宁卷>The fact that she was foreign made__________difficult for her to get a job in that country.jW1viftGw9

Aso          Bmuch

Cthat Dit

解读:选D。句意:她是外国人这个事实使她很难在那个国家找到工作。itmake 的形式宾语,不定式是真正的宾语。xS0DOYWHLP

【即境活用】

【教材原句】 Our English teacher is excellentbut she can’t help everyone in the class in 50 minutes.(P56>LOZMkIqI0w

我们的英语老师非常优秀,但她不能在50分钟内帮助每一个人。

 【句法分析】 (1>有些表示全体意义的词与not连用表示部分否定,如代词allboth以及allbothwholeevery所修饰的名词词组,包括every所构成的复合代词。ZKZUQsUJed

(2>有些副词如altogetheralwaysentirelywhollyquite 等,以及含有allbothwholeevery等的副词词性的词组,在句中作状语,若句中含有not,则本句表示部分否定,而非全部否定。dGY2mcoKtT

(3>若句中有noneneithernonever时则表示全部否定。

①All that glitters is not gold .[]闪光的未必都是金子。

②Both of the sisters don’t like the film.

姐妹俩并非都喜欢这部电影。

③Not everything went well with me.我并非事事都顺利。

④The rich men are not always happy.有钱的人并非总是幸福。

⑤None of the books are useful.这些书都没用。

⑥Neither of them can speak English.

他们俩都不会讲英语。

13—Which of the two computer games did you prefer?rCYbSWRLIA

—Actually I didn’t like________.

Aboth of them     Beither of them

Cnone of them Dneither of them

解读:选B。句意:——这两个电子游戏你更喜欢哪一个?——实际上我两个都不喜欢。not...either...“两者都不……”,是全部否定,相当于neithernot...both“两个并不都是……”,是半否定,不合语境;none指代三者及以上,和第一句中的the two computer games相矛盾;D项意思相反。FyXjoFlMWh

【即境活用】

14.It was hard for him to learn English in a familyin which________of the parents spoke the language.TuWrUpPObX

Anone Bneither

Cboth Deach

解读:选B。句意:他在这样一个家庭里学习英语很难,因为在这个家庭里父母双方都不说英语。根据题干中的the parents,可排除A(三者或三者以上都不>C项指两者都D项指两者或两者以上每个人/,由于CD两项都表肯定意思,也被排除。neither两个都不7qWAq9jPqE

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