第二节 介词与动词短语
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2016·高考全国甲卷改编)In India，for example，most people traditionally eat their hands.
2．(2017·辽宁沈阳三测)Researchers say we can accurately judge 90% a stranger's personality simply by looking at the person's shoes.
3．(2017·安徽合肥一检)Sammy walked the car and helped Tom push it forward, but his boots slipped on the warm asphalt (沥青)．
4．(2017·四川南充模拟)Zhu De was born December 1, 1886 to a poor farmer's family in a town in Yilong County, a hilly and isolated part of northern Sichuan Province.
5．(2017·河南郑州二检)Most caves are formed nature under the ground, and some have entrances people can find.
6．(2017·广东五校协作体一次联考)To fight terrorism, all the countries should join hands and cooperate a genuine manner.
7．(2017·福建单科质检)I was born in a town called Blackburn, and lived there till I left home the age of eighteen.
8．(2017·河南郑州一检)According to the World Health Organization, about 200 million people suffer malaria around the world.
9．(2017·山东潍坊期末)She also goes to other countries where people cannot afford this treatment and helps them free.
10．(2016·高考天津卷改编)Mary was silent during the early part of the discussion but finally she gave voice her opinion on the subject.
答案及解析：
1．解析：with。考查基本用法。此处指“在印度大部分人用手抓饭吃”。故填with表示“用，以”。
2．解析：of。考查基本用法。根据空处前的“90%”和空处后的“a stranger's personality”可知，空处前后为所属关系。故用介词of。
3．解析：behind。考查基本用法。根据空后的“push it forward”可知，此处表示走到车的后面推车。故填behind。
4．解析：on。考查基本用法。此处指“朱德出生的时间”，表示在具体的某一天。故应用介词on。
5．解析：by。考查基本用法。根据“大部分洞穴是在地下自然形成的”，并结合空前的“are formed”可以判断，应用介词by。
6．解析：in。考查固定搭配。句意：为了打击恐怖主义，所有的国家都应该联手以一种真诚的方式合作。in a/an ...manner为固定搭配，意为“以一种……的方式”。
7．解析：at。考查固定搭配。句意：我出生在一个叫Blackburn的小镇，直到18岁我才离开那儿。at the age of为固定搭配，意为“在……岁时”。
8．解析：from。考查固定搭配。句意：据世界卫生组织调查，全世界大约有2亿人得过疟疾。suffer from为固定搭配，意为“(因疾病、痛苦等)受折磨”。
9．解析：for。考查固定搭配。此处表示“她免费帮助那些承担不起这种治疗(费用)的人”，for free意为“免费”，为固定搭配。故用介词for。
10．解析：to。考查固定搭配。give voice to sth.为固定搭配，意为“表达对某事物的想法”。
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．(2017·湖南师大附中月考)Unfortunately, my efforts ended in failure because another friend Amy carelessly let out of my plan.
2．(2017·河南中原名校一联)I would be grateful if you could be so kind to provide me for the information and I'm looking forward to your early reply.
3．(2017·安徽六校教育研究会联考)After that, everyone enjoyed the sweet birthday cake and shared with my happiness.
4．(2017·广西柳州模拟)We never know one minute on the stage takes away ten years of practice.
5．Many people view sailing for romantic and relaxing.
6．(2017·福建厦门外国语学校模拟)The good thing about children is that they adapt very easily new environments.
7．Not having promoted the new digital camera successfully, the company should reflect its original marketing methods.
8．Be careful. Don't let the false information on your mobile phone take you out.
9．Nowadays when it comes at diet and exercise, people all know what to do.
10．After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane took over her job as a doctor in the countryside.
答案及解析：
1．解析：删除of。let out意为“泄露”，为固定短语，后接宾语。
2．解析：for→with。provide sb. with sth.为固定短语，意为“把……提供给某人”。
3．解析：删除with。share意为“分享”，为及物动词，可直接带宾语，无需加介词。
4．解析：删除away。句意：我们从来不知道台上一分钟，台下十年功。此处的take是及物动词，不需副词away。take away意为“拿走”，不符合句意。
5．解析：for→as。句意：很多人觉得出海航行是浪漫悠闲的。view ...as ...意为“把……看作……”，是固定搭配。
6．解析：在easily后加to。句意：关于孩子们好的方面就是他们能很轻松地适应新的环境。adapt to意为“适应”，为固定搭配。
7．解析：在reflect后加on。句意：由于没有成功促销这款新的数码相机，公司应该反思最初的营销方式。reflect on意为“思考；反思”，为固定搭配。
8．解析：out→in。句意：当心。别被你手机上的虚假信息给骗了。take in意为“欺骗”，为固定搭配。
9．解析：at→to。句意：当今，一谈到饮食和锻炼，人们都知道怎么去做。when it comes to ...是固定句式，意为“一谈到……”。
10．解析：over→up。句意：在医学院学习了五年后，简在乡下做了一名医生。表示“开始从事……”应用take up。故将over改为up。
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2017·广西柳州模拟)One day, I was walking in the street when I noticed a woman 1. (come) up to me with a nervous smile and said，“Sir, can you help a person out? I haven't eaten for almost two days.” I handed 2. (she) a few quarters and watched her walk away.
That area was so poor and 3. (rule) by drugs and crimes that I walked to the corner and stopped by the door of the ATM machine (自动取款机). Then I 4. (walk) inside and made sure that no one came in behind me.
I put my card into the machine and deposited my money with a sigh of relief.5. I turned to leave, I saw a wallet sitting on another machine. I had a look at it, the name on the licence was one I could not pronounce, but whoever he was, he was going to get into a panic over a wallet 6. his identification in it being lost in this city.
I put it in my pocket and went home. In my apartment, I checked the online phone book 7. (find) out whether there was someone who matched the name on the cards in the wallet, but without luck. I picked up the bank card and had 8. thought.Because I wanted to help the guy, I called his bank. But the girl over the phone said they could not give out any personal information about their clients. So I left my contact information with her and asked her to tell the 9. (own) to contact me. Two days later, a gentleman who is 10. (thank) appeared at my office and I gave him back his wallet.
I smiled all day long. Doing good for others does good for you.
【语篇解读】 本文讲述了作者帮助他人的一次经历，并从这次经历中认识到行善就是对自己好。
1．解析：coming。句意：一天，我正走在大街上，这时注意到一位女士面带紧张的微笑向我走来……。notice sb.doing sth.表示“注意到某人正在做某事”。
2．解析：her。句意：我递给她一些钱看她走远。设空处作handed的宾语，应用代词的宾格，she的宾格为her。
3．解析：ruled。句意：那个地区很穷，而且被毒品和犯罪活动控制着……。根据句意及设空后的by可知应用一般过去时的被动语态，前面有and连接。故填ruled。
4．解析：walked。句意：于是我走进去并确信没有人尾随我。与上下文时态一致，应用一般过去时。
5．解析：When/As。句意：当我转身要离开时，我看到另一台取款机上有一个钱包。逗号后是主句，故设空处应该用连词引导时间状语从句。故填When或As。
6．解析：with。句意：……无论他是谁，都会为这个钱包陷入恐慌，因为这个里面有他的身份证明的钱包，在这样的城市里丢失了。表示钱包里有什么东西，用介词with。
7．解析：to find。句意：在我的公寓里，为了找出是否有人跟钱包里卡上的名字相配，我核对了网上的电话簿。设空处在句中充当目的状语，应用动词不定式。
8．解析：a。have a thought为固定搭配，意为“想了想”。
9．解析：owner。设空处前有定冠词the，故此处用名词，根据句意“……请她告诉钱包的主人跟我联系。”可知答案为owner。
10．解析：thankful。句意：两天后，一位绅士感激地出现在我的办公室……。设空处作is的表语，应用形容词。故填thankful。
Ⅳ.短文改错
(2017·江西南昌十所重点中学模拟冲刺)When I am a child, I spent more than ten years learn the violin. Therefore, I couldn't understand “real music”．After I graduated from high school, a friend of mine suggested that we started to learn the guitar because we all thought it was cool. I will never forget the day on that we went to buy guitars in a guitar store. There I saw a guitar player playing the guitar, which I really enjoyed. He became my the first guitar teacher. It took me such a long time choose a guitar among several wonderful model. Now the guitar is the most importantly part of my life and I practice it every day.
答案：
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