“定冠词+形容词”构成的名词

发布时间:2020-02-20 03:33:55   来源:文档文库   
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定冠词+形容词构成的名词

崔长平 河南省遂平县第一高级中学(463100

“定冠词+形容词”构成的名词可以用来表示“某一类人”,这时,用作主语时,谓语动词使用复数形式。常见的有:the young(年轻人),the old(年老人),the aged(年老人),the elderly(年老人),the rich(富人),the poor(穷人),the living(活着的人),the dead(死去的人),the deceased(死者),the dying(快要死去的人),the sick(病人),the wounded(伤者),the handicapped(残疾人), the blind(盲人),the oppressed(被压迫的人),the exploited(受剥削的人),the fair(美人),the brave(英雄),the missing(失踪者),the employed(被雇者),the learned(有学问的人)等等。

e.g.

The sick have been cured and the lost have been found.

The wounded were all taken to a neighboring hospital.

The rich are not always happy.

The learned are most modest.

The living mourn for the dead.

The handicapped need our help.

The old in this country are taken good care of.

The greatest are not always the noblest. 最伟大的人并非总是最高尚的人。

但是,如果从具体语境中可以明显看出是单数含义的话,谓语动词就要使用单数形式。

e.g.

The wounded (who / whom) his sister will get married to has been sent to a big hospital in the south for further treatment.

The accused (被告)was acquitted.

The unknown is yet to come. 天有不测风云。

再者,如果“定冠词+形容词”构成的名词表达的是一种抽象概念,作为主语时,谓语动词要使用单数形式,如:the right and the wrong (对与错),the falsethe evil and the ugly(假、丑、恶),the good and the evil(善与恶),the truethe good and the beautiful(真、善、美)等等。

e.g.

The beautiful is not always the goodand the good is not always the true.

There is but one step from the sublime to the ridiculous. 高尚与荒谬相距一步之遥。

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