七年级数学下尺规作图题练习
姓名 班别 座号
基本作图一：作一条线段等于已知线段
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=134&md5sum=4d561a27d2ad42884aabccb60331a732&sign=5a7fcd7100&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=197&ipr={"t":"img","w":"134","h":"37","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image1.png","imgOriW":134,"imgOriH":37})
已知：如图，线段a .
求作：线段AB，使AB = a .
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=156&md5sum=4d561a27d2ad42884aabccb60331a732&sign=5a7fcd7100&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=197&ipr={"t":"img","w":"156","h":"105.2","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image2.png","imgOriW":178,"imgOriH":120})
基本作图二：作一个角等于已知角
已知：如图，已知∠AOB
求作：∠A’O’B’，使A’O’B’=∠AOB
基本作图三：作线段的垂直平分线
已知：线段AB(如图)．
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=194.66666666667&md5sum=4d561a27d2ad42884aabccb60331a732&sign=5a7fcd7100&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=197&ipr={"t":"img","w":"194.66666666667","h":"52","dataType":"gif","c":"word/media/image3.png"})
求作：线段AB的垂直平分线CD．
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=168&md5sum=4d561a27d2ad42884aabccb60331a732&sign=5a7fcd7100&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=197&ipr={"t":"img","w":"168","h":"116.6","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image4.png","imgOriW":255,"imgOriH":177})
基本作图四：利用尺规作一个角![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=2&md5sum=4d561a27d2ad42884aabccb60331a732&sign=5a7fcd7100&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=197&ipr={"t":"img","w":"2","h":"2","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image5.png","imgOriW":380,"imgOriH":36})
的平分线
已知∠AOB，请作出它的角平分线OP.
基本作图五：作已知直线的垂线
（1）过直线上一点作一条直线与已知直线垂直
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=204&md5sum=4d561a27d2ad42884aabccb60331a732&sign=5a7fcd7100&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=197&ipr={"t":"img","w":"204","h":"47.133333333333","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image6.png","imgOriW":238,"imgOriH":55})
已知：如图，点A在上，
求作：直线![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=15&md5sum=4d561a27d2ad42884aabccb60331a732&sign=5a7fcd7100&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=197&ipr={"t":"img","w":"15","h":"23","dataType":"gif","c":"word/media/image8.png"})
，使经过点A，且⊥
作法：①以点A为圆心，以为适当长为半径画弧交![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=13&md5sum=4d561a27d2ad42884aabccb60331a732&sign=5a7fcd7100&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=197&ipr={"t":"img","w":"13","h":"23","dataType":"gif","c":"word/media/image7.png"})
于B、C
②分别以点B、C为圆心，以大于![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=16&md5sum=4d561a27d2ad42884aabccb60331a732&sign=5a7fcd7100&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=197&ipr={"t":"img","w":"16","h":"41","dataType":"gif","c":"word/media/image9.png"})
BC为半径，在一侧作弧，交点为D
③连接AD
∴AD就是所求作的直线![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=15&md5sum=4d561a27d2ad42884aabccb60331a732&sign=5a7fcd7100&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=197&ipr={"t":"img","w":"15","h":"23","dataType":"gif","c":"word/media/image10.png"})
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=232&md5sum=4d561a27d2ad42884aabccb60331a732&sign=5a7fcd7100&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=197&ipr={"t":"img","w":"232","h":"76","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image11.png","imgOriW":232,"imgOriH":76})
（2）过直线外一点作一条直线与已知直线垂直
已知：如图，直线及直线外一点A
求作：直线，使经过点A，且⊥
作法：①以点A为圆心，以大于点A到的距离的长度为半径画弧交于B、C
②分别以点B、C为圆心，以大于BC为半径，在另一侧作弧，两弧交于点D
③连接AD
∴AD就是所求作的直线
练习：
1、 请在图中作出△ABC的 2、请在图中作出△ABC的BC边上的中点E.
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=216&md5sum=4d561a27d2ad42884aabccb60331a732&sign=5a7fcd7100&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=197&ipr={"t":"img","w":"216","h":"115.6","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image12.png","imgOriW":340,"imgOriH":182})
角平分线BD（要求保留作图痕迹）. （要求保留作图痕迹）.
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=168&md5sum=4d561a27d2ad42884aabccb60331a732&sign=5a7fcd7100&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=197&ipr={"t":"img","w":"168","h":"132","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image14.png","imgOriW":241,"imgOriH":189})
3、已知：如图，∠AOB内有两定点C、D
求作：一点P使PC=PD，且P到∠AOB的
两边之距相等
要求：用尺规作图，不写作法，但要保留作图痕迹
4、 ![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=240&md5sum=4d561a27d2ad42884aabccb60331a732&sign=5a7fcd7100&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=197&ipr={"t":"img","w":"240","h":"123.46666666667","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image15.png","imgOriW":348,"imgOriH":179})
张庄A、李庄B位于河沿L的同侧，现在河沿
L上修一泵站C向张庄A、李庄B供水，问泵站修
在河沿L的什么地方，所用水管最少？
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=232.06666666667&md5sum=4d561a27d2ad42884aabccb60331a732&sign=5a7fcd7100&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=197&ipr={"t":"img","w":"232.06666666667","h":"134","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image16_1.png","imgOriW":1901,"imgOriH":1101})
5、过点C作一条线平行于AB
6、已知：如图，∠![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=16&md5sum=4d561a27d2ad42884aabccb60331a732&sign=5a7fcd7100&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=197&ipr={"t":"img","w":"16","h":"15","dataType":"gif","c":"word/media/image17.png"})
，∠，线段m .
求作：△ABC，使∠A=∠![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=16&md5sum=4d561a27d2ad42884aabccb60331a732&sign=5a7fcd7100&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=197&ipr={"t":"img","w":"16","h":"15","dataType":"gif","c":"word/media/image19.png"})
，∠B=∠,AB=m.
![](https://wkrtcs.bdimg.com/rtcs/image?w=204&md5sum=4d561a27d2ad42884aabccb60331a732&sign=5a7fcd7100&rtcs_flag=1&rtcs_ver=3&l=webapp&bucketNum=197&ipr={"t":"img","w":"204","h":"101.6","dataType":"png","c":"word/media/image20.png","imgOriW":245,"imgOriH":122})
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