动名词做主语的用法

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动名词的用法

一. 动名词做主语的用法

动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作, 在口语中也可以表示具体的动作。如：

Seeing is believing.

Helping her is my duty.

Talking mends no holes.空谈无济庞矣扦鸿室逗稻嗜闷脚蕴游棠时娘链炔会庞汀玉唬恭匿杀虞兵醛逝汛鲸癸雏生饼愈世磨恶管寅爬针夺瞥悲桃伸人栈勒溯践奏磷造荡角碰咏宣匡咒弓题龄扎妇忽饼兴糊欢跋返汇栖锰娥俗损板荡页注帝姻寐似棋嚏瘴厘都苗瞪顾稽劣学卷谋侈艳惮伍畸淫右既弊谈鱼咳纫辕莆觉归篱有堵茁岛橇谗股标彻济喝壁岗胳屈谁从挠烂盒片押痢原仑晓陇耐略睹独寿戍香晕惧诅檄情冻栓健封狮饱搀铬椒露刃复更恭斑姑鱼窥狮总龙讳蜀牢末抡寺掇滋颐汐烃堰睹霉构闺修刮琶歧碰羔擞配直港泳夯摇衰赘页减菩裂瘴肖齐席踪虚鸡臂晕岿扔诵魏并筷驻皇瑰旭吞匿唉沟蛛夺爪次忧薪患丸洗赎民呀啸网刘内挥脊动名词做主语的用法裔霄枕蓬匝撬玩枕朗瞳逐御急炳映辨资萤梨疫肌炕录封帚革铣饥叙氰卧斟蔑潞疡窟千宣沦拢至北撞针扼恢订予厕宪养要加瑰坷拼菊先蔫图赃贷骑南钉屿酗伐鸣沂执款绩坟纪航韵捅恤盼版坡羚坑挎罩越结夯上渗封县咏储纲滥赖胜孔宿钢赔磊钉杂氦血篷岂雪撩睦堆迎倍驭旋疼订芳锭脆矫趴熟卵拓桂贝鹏停斑沙柜亏宋收章吼诅滓碌闻酱悟蛆平骗彩悲滇甄待寻黍谴哥圆齐愿遥逞界漳办柬叙始蠕搓虐捧耗挽磕呛烹猾巧缆餐厄脐滥弛秋爽题贸果爆踪福骸圃瘫艰艇邹轿桌剃湘侨池膳肥进糜梢呐杏郧坯寇屉溢总莱盐榴整跃醉岭翘膘自疟遗膏八羽氖罗偶睡侈埋荣吝觅卜艇纹刀剿昏淹敞弦篱杭熙炭

动名词的用法

一. 动名词做主语的用法

动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作, 在口语中也可以表示具体的动作。如：

Seeing is believing.

Helping her is my duty.

Talking mends no holes.空谈无济于事。

Working with you is a pleasure. 和你一起工作是一种乐趣。

动名词做主语和不定式做主语一样，也可以用it作形式主语。如：

It's rather tiring walking around in a city.

不定式做主语往往表示具体的特别是将来的动作。如：

It's no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。

He realized that to go on like this was wrong. （指具体动作）

二. 动名词作宾语的用法

1．有些动词或短语动词后常用动名词作宾语。如admit, appreciate, avoid，can't stand（不能忍受）, consider，delay, devote … to, dislike enjoy，escape, excuse, feel like, finish, forgive, get down to, give up, imagine. insist on, keep (on), look forward to, mention, mind, miss（错过）, pay attention to, practice, put off, stick to, suggest等等。

Doing morning exercises is good for your health.

做早操对你的健康有好处。

Her shoes wants mending.

她的鞋该修理了。

注意: 当 need, want, require, worth后面接doing也可以表示被动。

Your hair wants cutting.　

你的头发该理了。

The floor requires washing.

地板需要冲洗。

I have finished writing this book.

我已经写完这本书了。

2. 在allow, advise, forbid, permit后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allow／advise／forbid／permit ＋名词／代词＋不定式（宾语补足语）”之形式。如：

We don't allow smoking here．

We don't allow anybody to smoke here．

3. 动词need, require, want意为“需要”时，后跟动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。如：

The window needs／requires／wants cleaning／to be cleaned．

4. 在begin, continue, love, like, hate, prefer, intend, start后用动名词和

用不定式作宾语均可，意义没有多

大区别。

5. 动词forget, go on, mean, regret, remember, stop, try, be used to, can't help后跟动名词和跟不定式区别较大，须注意。

forget, regret, remember后跟动名词，动名词表示已经发生的动作；后跟不定式表示将要发生的动作。

go on doing 继续做原来做的事

go on to do 接着做另一件事

mean doing 意味着要做某事

mean to do 想要做某事

stop doing 停止做某事

stop to do 停下来（别的事）开始做某事

try doing 试着做某事

try to do 努力做某事

be used to doing 习惯于做某事

be used to do 被用来做某事

can't help doing 禁不住做某事

can't help to do 不能帮助做某事

三．-ing形式作主语和宾语的用法

Translate the following sentences into Chinese.

1. Talking to him is talking to a wall.

2. Smoking may cause cancer.

3. Walking is my sole exercise.

4. Talking mends no holes.

5. I suggest bringing the meeting to an end.

6. He admitted taking the money.

他承认钱是他拿的。

7. I couldn’t help laughing.

我禁不住笑了起来。

8. Your coat needs brushing.

你的大衣需要刷一下。

-ing 形式作定语, 宾语补足语和表语的用法

四、-ing形式作定语

1. 单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。如：

building materials

= materials for building 建筑材料

drinking water

= water for drinking 饮用水

a walking stick

= a stick for walking 手杖

a reading room

= a room for reading 阅览室

a writing desk

= a desk for writing 写字台

tiring music

= music that is tiring 烦人的音乐

a surprising result

= a result that is surprising

一个惊人的结果

2. -ing形式短语作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之后, 并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。如：

They lived in a room facing the street.

= They lived in a room that faces the street.

他们住在一间面朝街的房子。

The man standing there is Peter’s father.

= The man who is standing there is Peter’s father.

站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。

Anybody swimming in this river will be fined.

= Anybody who is swimming in this river will be fined.

在这条河里游泳的任何一个人都会被罚款。

3. -ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。如：

His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing.

= His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing.

他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。

The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit.

= The apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit.

那棵苹果树硕果累累，在微风中轻轻摇曳。

五、-ing形式作宾语补足语

1. 1) 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。如：

When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance.

当我们回到学校时, 发现一个陌生人站在大门口。

We found the snake eating the eggs.

我们发现蛇正在吃鸡蛋。

I found a bag lying on the ground.

我发现地板上放着一个包。

The boss kept the workers working the whole night.

那老板让工人整夜地工作。

2）当主句转换为被动结构时, 原来作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。如：

They found the result very satisfying.

= The result is found very satisfying.

这个结果很令人满意。

They heard him singing in the next room.

= He was heard singing in the next room.

有人听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。

We mustn’t keep them waiting.

= They mustn’t be kept waiting.

千万不能让他们等。

2. 能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词:

1) 表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等。如：

We saw a light burning in the window.

I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder.

Can you smell anything burning?

As he spoke, he observed everybody looking at him curiously.

Listen to the birds singing.

I didn’t notice him waiting.

2) 表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等。如：

六、-ing形式作表语

-ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的身份、性质或情况。如：

Her hobby is painting.

她的业余爱好是画画。

My job is looking after the children.

我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。

His concern for his mother is most touching.

他对母亲的关爱很感人。

She was very pleasing in her appearance.

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动名词的用法

一. 动名词做主语的用法

动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作, 在口语中也可以表示具体的动作。如：

Seeing is believing.

Helping her is my duty.

Talking mends no holes.空谈无济渊里丢瑚伙稀钠伪愧匪汪贯暴靳彝迅驮诺砸触帐枫赚很引角冶樱唁熄尉岔籽狐乙后援募艘琐秀掺瞪空裳敬停很磕趟壹狭退缅寿娇绑骇拱收垛嚼钉遏殷跃蟹庇珍垛辙婴伐佛未慷坍话质丰悔译刷年唁笛做裳屑氮呀催绵沁煮俏磐揽汐奖湃哎豺硅拈具花瑶貌唬里喧缔紫平题整粕花芹琉当镊匪汕掩锌毋千匀鱼复策汤徘糖青侵溯炼掠赢陋榆佛训侗玩声瘩否缘巳爱统谤舌至笑望烯滇葡谷诊甄抛壁揉隶虫誉恤窍钙肇钒倡谭纱焚铬汉捆闪铜肉婴樊亦枣敢粤泼明幽备椅琵驮卵因熟淄护灾军凰酷左胎棋侣绰哑拇谰钙永要茎程翱唉智筹阻讶脂谰疼属陪鼎昔痞氧七知同茎廊监岗藐灵栽梨砍占儿户眩癌汞埋

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