考研英语阅读理解A节（传统题型）分类精讲科学技术类-（一）

考研英语阅读理解A节(传统题型)分类精讲科学技术类-(一)

(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)

一、Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(总题数：5，分数：100.00)

Imagine browsing a website when an attractive ad for lingerie catches your eye. You don't click on it, merely smile and go to another page. Yet it follows you, putting up more racy pictures, perhaps even the offer of a discount. Finally, annoyed by its persistence, you frown. "Sorry for taking up your time," says the ad, and promptly stops further disturbance. Creepy. But making online ads that not only know you are looking at them but also respond to your emotions will soon be possible, thanks to the power of image-processing software and the common existence of tiny cameras in computers and mobile devices.

Uses for this technology would not, of course, be confined to advertising. There is ample scope to apply it in areas like security, computer gaming, education and health care. But advertisers are among the first to embrace the idea in earnest. Advertising firms already film how people react to ads, usually in an artificial setting. The participants' faces are studied for positive or negative feelings. A lot of research has been done into ways of categorizing the emotions behind facial expressions. Some consumer-research companies also employ cameras to track eye movements so they can be sure what their subjects are looking at. This can help determine which ads attract the most attention and where they might be placed for the best effect on a web page.

One of the companies doing such work, Realeyes, which is based in London, has been developing a system that combines eye-spying webcams with emotional analysis. Mihkel Jaatma, who founded the company in 2007, says that his system is able to detect a person's mood by plotting the position of facial features, such as eyebrows, mouth and nostrils, and employing clever programs to interpret changes in their alignment—as when eyebrows are raised in surprise, say. Add eye-movement tracking, hinting at which display ads were overlooked and which were studied for any period of time, and the approach offers precisely the sort of quantitative data brand managers yearn for.

At present the system is being used on purpose-built websites with, for instance, online research groups testing the effect of various display ads. The next step is to make interactive ads. Because they can spot the visual attention given to them, as well as the emotional state of the viewer, these ads could change their responses.

As similar technologies become widespread, privacy concerns will invariably increase. People would need to give consent to their webcams being used in this way, Mr. Jaatma admits. One way to persuade Internet users to grant access to their images would be to offer them discounts on goods or subscriptions to websites.



（分数：20.00）

(1).The imagined situation in Paragraph 1 introduces

A. an effective way of displaying advertisements.

B. a method of getting rid of annoying commercials.

C. an image-processing software used in promotion.

D. an innovative technology tracking people's emotions.（分数：4.00）

 A.

 B.

 C.

 D. √

解析：[解析] 推断题。根据题干定位到第一段。该段前五句话描述了一个想象的情景：人们在浏览网页时，页面出现了一个奇特的广告，它能觉察到人们对广告的情绪浮动并能作出相应的反应。第六句话是作者对此的评价——这简直不可思议(Creepy)。接下来第七句话是对这一想象中的情景进行描述和解释：这种广告不仅仅是一种知道用户正在查看，同时还能根据用户的情绪作出反应的广告，并且由于图像处理软件的强大作用和微型摄像头的广泛存在，这种奇特的广告将会很快成为现实。由此可知，D项“一种可以识别人的情绪变化的新技术”符合文意，为正确答案。

(2).According to Paragraph 2 ,the study of people's emotional responses to ads

A. contributes to the wide use of interactive ads in various fields.

B. helps to improve the way in which online ads are displayed.

C. classifies the different emotions of the subjects in real life.

D. opens a door to a better acceptance of online advertisements.（分数：4.00）

 A.

 B. √

 C.

 D.

解析：[解析] 细节题。根据题干定位到第二段。该段第四至六句话介绍了人们对广告的情绪反应的研究：广告公司录制了在模拟场景中(in an artificial setting)人们对于广告的不同反应，并对参与者表达积极或消极情绪时的面目表情进行了研究。结合第一段中的信息(根据人的情绪作出反应的广告)，可推知，广告商是想通过研究人的情绪开发出这种广告，以便获得更好的广告效果，B项符合文意，故为正确答案。

(3).The emotional analysis by Realeyes company mainly focuses on

A. eye movements.

B. psychological disorders.

C. facial expressions.

D. quantitative data.（分数：4.00）

 A.

 B.

 C. √

 D.

解析：[解析] 细节题。根据题干关键词Realeyes company定位到第三段。该段介绍了Realeyes公司所开发的一个新系统。首句指出，该公司一直在研发一种将眼球监测网络摄像头与情绪分析相结合的系统。接下来第二句具体指出该系统所具有的功能，能够通过标示眉毛、嘴和鼻孔等面部位置，并运用智能程序识别其位置的变化来识别人的情绪(detect a person's mood by plotting the position of facial features)，故可推断出该公司对情绪的分析主要是通过标示人的面部特征来进行的，C项符合文意，为正确答案。

(4).Interactive ads are featured by

A. smart responses.

B. identification of attention.

C. recognition of emotions.

D. acute observation.（分数：4.00）

 A. √

 B.

 C.

 D.

解析：[解析] 推断题。根据题干关键词Interactive ads定位至第四段。该段第一、二句指出，目前该系统正被用于各种为特定目的而建立的网站，而下一步就是要制作互动式广告。接着第三句对互动式广告进行了说明：由于这类广告能捕捉到人们的视觉关注以及浏览者的情绪状态，因此它们可以作出相应的反应(these ads could change their responses)。由此可推知，捕捉到浏览者对其的视觉关注和情绪是互动式广告作出相应反应的两个前提条件，同时也是互动式广告的特殊之处，故A项正确。

(5).As for the new technology, use of webcams would be forbidden when

A. intellectual property is concerned.

B. Internet users do not permit it.

C. the technology becomes popular.

D. no discounts or other services are provided.（分数：4.00）

 A.

 B. √

 C.

 D.

解析：[解析] 细节题。根据题干中关键词定位至最后一段。该段首句指出，随着此类技术的广泛使用，对于个人的隐私将备受关注，接着第二句指出Jaatma先生也表示出，以这种方式使用网络摄像头必须要得到当事人的同意(People would need to give consent to their webcams being used in this way)，由此可知，如果当事人不同意，这种网络摄像头则会被禁用，B项符合此意，故为正确答案。

Treating waste water is energy intensive. In the US, it sucks up the equivalent output of four of the country's biggest power plants every year. But it needn't be such a drain on resources—soon it might be able to earn its keep. A team led by Hong Liu from Oregon State University in Corvallis has plans for microbial fuel cells that will reclaim energy from waste water and produce around 2.87 watts per litre of waste water. That is almost double the amount of electrical power usual for such a cell. And its by-products could be harnessed to create cheap, biodegradable plastics.

Waste water holds huge amounts of energy, bound up in organic molecules, but it can be difficult to access. The Oregon fuel ceils run on microbes that would normally digest organic matter to produce water. In a fuel cell, though, isolated from oxygen, that conversion stops and electrons, which are bundled with protons and oxygen to form water, are pulled away from the microbes by the potential between a cathode and an anode, creating an electrical current.

As well as transferring the mixture of microbes on the electrodes, the Oregon design has also managed to squash far more electrodes into the fuel cell than on previous versions. Liu says her lab aims to scale up the device within the next five years and make it cheaper. The by-products of waste water treatment can be harnessed too. Engineers are working on a way to convert methane into biodegradable plastics.

The dream plastic would be biodegradable, made from organic materials, and break down easily. At the moment, polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) seems like the best bet. But PHA plastics are manufactured by genetically modified bacteria fed on sugars in a process that is both expensive and complex, making it hard for them to compete with conventional plastics. In the past, researchers have used the by-products of waste water treatment to generate fuel and sometimes even to create plastics, but nearly all these attempts have focused on the solid waste and chemicals. Because the solid waste is made of many diverse components, it produces a less stable plastic.

So Molly Morse of Mango Materials in California and colleagues are now using methane, another major by-product of treating waste water. Methanotrophs, simple organisms that feed on methane, are much better at converting it into polymers than typical bacteria are at converting sugar into plastics. Methane is pumped into a vat of methanotrophs—harvested from the waste water treatment plant itself—along with a bubbling stream of oxygen and a few other nutrients. The end result is a polymer powder that can be separated from the mass of bacteria and turned into pellets for shaping into commercial plastic products.



（分数：20.00）

(1).What can we learn about Hong Liu's plans?

A. They will call for recognition of the pubic.

B. They will protect energy from further losing.

C. They have failed to properly preserve energy.

D. They can recover useful things from waste products.（分数：4.00）

 A.

 B.

 C.

 D. √

解析：[解析] 推断题。根据题干关键词Hong Liu's plans定位至第一段。由该段第四句可知energy from waste water and produce around 2.87 watts per litre of waste water。(利用废水再生能源，每升废水能产出大约2.87瓦的电能)，从废水中生产电力应该属于废弃物再利用，D项与此相符，故为正确答案。

(2).According to the passage, the energy in waste water

A. doesn't reach the amount for usage.

B. is easy to be acquired and stocked.

C. can be transformed into electrical power.

D. can only be used in producing plastics.（分数：4.00）

 A.

 B.

 C. √

 D.

解析：[解析] 细节题。根据题干定位至前两段。第一段第四句指出，该计划将利用废水再生能源，每升废水能产出大约2.87瓦的电能；第二段最后一句指出，在一个燃料电池中，电子通过正负极之间的电压得以从微生物中脱离，进而产生电流。由此推知，废水中的能量可被转化为电力的方式得以释放利用。故C项符合文意。

(3).Which of the following is true about PHA plastics?

A. Their producing is cheap and simple.

B. They can break down easily after usage.

C. They aren't as good as conventional plastics.

D. They can only be acquired from solid waste.（分数：4.00）

 A.

 B. √

 C.

 D.

解析：[解析] 细节题。根据题干关键词PHA plastics定位至第四段。该段首句提及The dream plastic would...break down easily(理想的塑料应是很容易分解的)：第二句又说At the moment, PHA seems like the best bet(目前，PHA看似是首选)，由此推知PHA具备break down easily等特点，故B项“其在使用后可轻易分解”为正确答案。

(4).With methane, Molly Morse and colleagues

A. can treat waste water with less by-products.

B. will convert sugar into plastics much easily.

C. can break away from waste treatment plants.

D. will create more commercial plastic products.（分数：4.00）

 A.

 B.

 C.

 D. √

解析：[解析] 细节题。根据题干关键词：Molly Morse and colleagues定位至最后一段。本段介绍了莫莉·莫斯及其同事们正在利用废水处理的另一种主要副产品——甲烷，通过一系列转化，最终生成一些能够从菌群中分离出来的聚合物粉末，进而制成颗粒以备制造各种成型的商业塑料制品，故D项为正确答案。

(5).What's the main idea of this passage?

A. How to make electricity from water.

B. Plastics and environment protection.

C. Waste water treatment and recycling.

D. Waste classification and treatments.（分数：4.00）

 A.

 B.

 C. √

 D.

解析：[解析] 主旨题。作者在文章首段就提及“废水处理”的问题，接着从利用废水产出电能和利用废水处理的副产品甲烷生产塑料两方面分别进行了阐述。由此可推知，本文主要围绕废水处理及其再利用展开，故C项与此相符，为正确答案。A项和B项只涉及文章部分内容，以偏概全，故均被排除，D项中“分类”的含义无法找到原文相关信息，故排除。

The scourge that's plaguing cruise lines—and causing thousands of Americans to rethink their holiday travel plans—didn't start this year, nor did it even start on a ship. It began, as far as the Centers for Disease Control(CDC) can tell, in Norwalk, Ohio, in October 1968, when 116 elementary-school children and teachers suddenly became ill. The CDC investigated, and the culprit was discovered to be a small, spherical, previously unclassified virus that scientists named, appropriately enough, the Norwalk virus.

Flash forward 34 years, and Norwalk-like viruses(there's a whole family of them) are all over the news as one ocean liner after another limps into port with passengers complaining of nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and cramping. The CDC, which gets called in whenever more than 2% of a vessel's passengers come down with the same disease, identified Norwalk as the infectious agent and oversaw thorough ship scrubbings— which to the dismay of the owners of the cruise lines, haven't made the problem go away.

So are we in the middle of an oceangoing epidemic? Not according to Dave Forney, chief of the CDC's vessel-sanitation program. He sees this kind of thing all the time; a similar outbreak on several ships in Alaska last summer got almost no press. In fact, he says, as far as gastrointestinal illness goes, fewer people may be getting sick this year than last.

Norwalk-like viruses, it turns out, are extremely common—perhaps second only to cold viruses—and they tend to break out whenever people congregate in close quarters for more than two or three days. Oceangoing pleasure ships provide excellent breeding grounds, but so do schools, hotels, camps, nursing homes and hospitals. "Whenever we look for this virus," says Dr. Marc Widdowson, a CDC epidemiologist, "we find it." Just last week 100 students (of500) at the Varsity Acres Elementary School in Calgary, Alta stayed home sick. School prank? Hardly. The Norwalk virus had struck again.

If ocean cruises are your idea of fun, don't despair. This might even be a great time to go shopping for a bargain. The ships have been cleaned. The food and water have been examined and found virus free. According to the CDC, it was probably the passengers who brought the virus aboard.

Of course, if you are ill or recovering from a stomach bug, you might do everybody a favor and put off your travel until the infectious period has passed (it can take a couple of weeks). To reduce your chances of getting sick, the best thing to do is wash your hands—frequently and thoroughly—and keep them out of your mouth.

One more thing: if, like me, you are prone to motion sickness, don't forget to pack your Dramamine.



（分数：20.00）

(1).According to the text, CDC is an organization that

A. works against the Newwalk-like viruses.

B. helps to control diseases.

C. specializes in treating virus in ocean liners.

D. works for the benefits of cruise owners.（分数：4.00）

 A.

 B. √

 C.

 D.

解析：[解析] 细节题。根据题干定位到第一段。本段首先介绍了影响远洋客轮的灾祸，接着提到了CDC，指出CDC进行了调查，发现病因是一种以前未分类的微型球状病毒，第二段提到CDC时指出，CDC认定诺沃克病毒是传染媒介，并监督客轮进行全面的消毒。这说明，CDC是一个控制疾病的组织。B项“帮助控制疾病”与此意符合，为正确答案。

(2).What can be inferred from the words of Dave Forney?

A. Norwalk-like viruses caused horrors among people.

B. Norwalk-like viruses can be eliminated by CDC.

C. Norwalk-like viruses casually appear on vessels.

D. Norwalk-like viruses co-exist with gastrointestinal illness.（分数：4.00）

 A.

 B.

 C. √

 D.

解析：[解析] 推断题。根据题干定位到第三段。该段首先提到，我们是在经历一场远洋航行中的流行病吗?接着介绍了载夫·弗雷的观点——事实并非如此，他有时见到这种事情，去年在阿拉斯加的几艘船上爆发的类似病毒几乎没有引起媒体的关注。由此可知，他认为，类似病毒的爆发只是偶然现象。C项“类似于诺沃克的病毒偶然出现于轮船上”与此意符合，为正确答案。其他三项均与原文不符。

(3).The history of Norwalk-like virus tells us that

A. it is named by CDC.

B. it caused thousands of tourists sick.

C. it is an ordinary virus.

D. it has been eradicated now.（分数：4.00）

 A.

 B.

 C. √

 D.

解析：[解析] 细节题。文章第一、二段都提到了诺沃克病毒，第三段介绍了专家的观点，第四段接着指出，事实证明，类似于诺沃克的病毒非常普遍，可能仅次于感冒病毒。这说明，该病毒很普遍。C项“它是一种常见病毒”与此意符合，为正确答案。第一段最后一句话提到是科学家命名该病毒的，所以A项错误：文中提到该病毒导致的患病人数是116人，第二段提到，一艘又一艘的远洋客轮载着抱怨晕船和呕吐的乘客颠簸着驶进港口，并没有提到患病人数，说明B项错误；D项属于无中生有。

(4).We can learn from the fourth paragraph that

A. students are easily attacked by the Norwalk-like virus.

B. Norwalk-like viruses tend to break out in closed crowded place.

C. Norwalk-like viruses might cause flu.

D. Norwalk-like viruses are not widespread.（分数：4.00）

 A.

 B. √

 C.

 D.

解析：[解析] 推断题。根据题干定位到第四段。第四段提到，类似于诺沃克的病毒非常普遍，只要人们聚集在拥挤的地方超过两到三天的时间，这种病毒就可能爆发，随后举例说明了这个问题。B项“类似于诺沃克的病毒往往在人群拥挤的地方爆发”是对文中相关信息的改写，为正确答案。其他三项均与原文不符。

(5).We know from the author's suggestions that

A. we can bargain about the ocean cruises.

B. people with motion sickness should not travel by ships.

C. passengers might be the cause of Norwalk-like viruses.

D. washing hands is a good habit.（分数：4.00）

 A.

 B.

 C. √

 D.

解析：[解析] 推断题。文章后面三段介绍了作者的观点——如果你认为远洋客轮可以带来乐趣，那么就不要绝望；根据CDC的观点，可能是乘客把病毒带到了船上；如果你生病了，你最好替别人着想，推迟你的旅行；为了降低你患病的几率，最好的方法就是洗手；如果你容易晕船，那就别忘记带上晕海宁。只有C项“乘客可能是导致类似于诺沃克的病毒爆发的原因”与作者的观点符合，为正确答案。其他三项均与原文不符。

That Arctic sea ice is disappearing has been known for decades. The underlying cause is believed by all but a handful of climatologists to be global warming brought about by greenhouse-gas emissions. Yet the rate the ice is vanishing confuses these climatologists' models. These predict that if the level of carbon dioxide, methane and so on in the atmosphere continues to rise, then the Arctic Ocean will be free of floating summer ice by the end of the century. At current rates of shrinkage, by contrast, this looks likely to happen sometime between 2020 and 2050.

The reason is that Arctic air is warming twice as fast as the atmosphere as a whole. Some of the causes of this are understood, but some are not. The darkness of land and water compared with the reflectiveness of snow and ice means that when the latter melt to reveal the former, the area exposed absorbs more heat from the sun and reflects less of it back into space. The result is a feedback loop that accelerates local warming. Such feedback, though, does not completely explain what is happening. Hence the search for other things that might assist the ice's rapid disappearance.

One is physical change in the ice itself. Formerly a solid mass that melted and refroze at its edges, it is now thinner, more fractured, and so more liable to melt. But that is (literally and figuratively) a marginal effect. Filling the gap between model and reality may need something besides this. The latest candidates are "short-term climate forcings". These are pollutants, particularly ozone and soot (also called "black carbon") that do not hang around in the atmosphere as carbon dioxide does, but have to be renewed continually if they are to have a lasting effect. If they are so renewed, though, their impact may be as big as CO2's.

Reducing soot would not stop the summer sea ice disappearing, but it might delay the process by a decade or two. According to a recent report by the United Nations Environment Program, reducing soot and ozone in the lower part of the atmosphere, especially in the Arctic countries of America, Canada, Russia and Scandinavia, could cut warming in the Arctic by two-thirds over the next three decades. Indeed, the report suggests, if such measures—preventing crop burning and forest fires, cleaning up diesel engines and wood stoves, and so on—were adopted everywhere they could halve the wider rate of wanning by 2050.

The rapid melting of the Arctic sea ice, then, illuminates the difficulty of modeling the climate—but not in a way that brings much comfort to those who hope that fears about the future climate might prove exaggerated. When reality is changing faster than theory suggests it should, a certain amount of nervousness is a reasonable response.



（分数：20.00）

(1).Which of the following is true of global wanning according to Paragraph 1?

A. It is caused mainly by carbon dioxide emissions.

B. Most climatologists attribute Arctic sea ice melting to it.

C. It doesn't develop as climatologists' models have predicted.

D. Arctic sea ice will soon disappear under its impact.（分数：4.00）

 A.

 B. √

 C.

 D.

解析：[解析] 细节题。根据题干定位到第一段。该段第一句话指出几十年前人们就已经熟知北冰洋海冰正在消融的事实，接下来第二句话指出除了少数气候学家外，几乎所有的气候学家都认为海冰消融是由全球气候变暖造成的(the underlying cause is believed by an but a handful of climatologists to be global warming)，故B项“大多数气候学家将北极海水消融归因于全球气候变暖”与原文相符，为正确答案。

(2).According to Paragraph 2, the feedback loop

A. makes the wanning process in Arctic area much faster than elsewhere.

B. results from the dark land and water in Arctic area.

C. causes the Arctic sea to absorb more heat from the sun.

D. speeds up the rate of global wanning all over the world.（分数：4.00）

 A.

 B.

 C. √

 D.

解析：[解析] 细节题。根据题干定位到第二段。该段第三、四句具体解释了反馈循环，即与冰雪相比，颜色较深的陆地与海水吸收的热量多。反射的热量少，因而冰雪融化后露出陆地和海洋会加速局部变暖，继而再导致冰雪消融(the darkness of land and water...absorbs more heat from the sun and reflects less of it back into space)。由此推知，反馈循环就是海冰消融，露出颜色较深的陆地和海水，吸取更多的太阳热量，加速海冰消融，故C项与原文相符，为正确答案。

(3).Which of the following is true of the reasons mentioned in Paragraph 3?

A. The physical change happened to ice makes it easier to melt.

B. The physical change of ice is the leading cause of Arctic ice melting.

C. The pollutants like ozone and soot are not as influential as CO2.

D. Ozone and soot can exert an effect as long-lasting as CO2 does.（分数：4.00）

 A. √

 B.

 C.

 D.

解析：[解析] 细节题。根据题干定位到第三段。该段第一句话承接第二段，指出北极海冰迅速消融的另一个原因，即冰体本身的物理变化(physical change in the ice itself)。第二句话指出先前冰体巨大而坚固，只是在其边缘部分发生融化和再次冻结，现在冰层变薄变脆，因此更容易融化(now thinner, more fractured, and so more liable to melt)，故A项符合文意，为正确答案。

(4).The report by the United Nations Environment Program suggests that

A. cutting soot emission can prevent summer sea ice from melting.

B. every country can contribute to the alleviation of global warming.

C. Arctic countries should not develop heavy industry.

D. we can stop global warming by taking effective measures.（分数：4.00）

 A.

 B. √

 C.

 D.

解析：[解析] 推断题。根据题干关键词the United Nations Environment Program定位到第四段。第二、三句均是关于联合国环境规划署发布的一份报告的内容(a recent report by the United Nations Environment Program)，该报告表明，如果避免农作物燃烧以及森林火灾，停止使用柴油发动机以及燃烧木柴的炉具等做法能够在全球范围内被广泛应用的话，截至2050年，全球变暖的速度将减缓一半(if such measures...were adopted everywhere they could halve the wider rate of wanning by 2050)。也就是说，每个国家都可以做出一些贡献来缓和全球气候变暖，故B项符合文意，为正确答案。

(5).Which of the following is the text mainly about?

A. The difficulty of modeling Arctic sea ice melting.

B. Control of soot emission throughout the world.

C. Human's responsibility for global warming.

D. Reasons and feasible solutions for Arctic sea ice melting.（分数：4.00）

 A.

 B.

 C.

 D. √

解析：[解析] 主旨题。文章第一段指出几十年前，北极海冰融化的事实就已为人所熟知，但是冰体消融的速度明显快于气候学家预测的速度。接下来第二、三段分析了北极海冰消融更快的两个原因。第四段提出应对措施——减少大气污染物的排放，减缓全球变暖的速度。最后一段指出，面对气候变化，适当的紧张是很正常的反应。由此得知，本文主要分析了北极海冰融化速度变快的原因及其应对的有效措施，故D项“北极海冰融化的原因及可行的应对措施”是对原文主旨的概括，为正确答案。

Giving psychologists the option to become trained prescribers may create a division among psychologists whereby some will be able to prescribe and others will not. As a result, major discord could emerge. It is possible that psychologists with the fight to prescribe may consider themselves superior to those without the right. If gaining prescription privileges would lead to broader third party payments or full hospital privileges for those qualified to prescribe, psychologists unable to do so may feel that they have been accorded second class status in their profession.

The debate, thus far, has focused on the training necessary to grant psychologists prescription privileges. Although this matter is important, of more basic concern are treatment implications and the future role of psychologists. Prescription privileges could move psychologists closer to a medical model and further away from their historical goal. Psychology began in the late 19th century as an application for psychological techniques. Its focus has been on assessment, behavioral interventions, Consuhation, and applied research. Before the widespread use of psychotropic medications, psychiatry emphasized the practice of psychotherapy. Gradually, psychiatry moved toward increased reliance on drugs and away from psychotherapy. It is possible, over time, that psychologists, like psychiatrists, could become more influenced by the use of medication.

Despite the argument that prescription privileges significantly may alter traditional psychotherapeutic implications, some psychologists strongly feel that they would be looked upon more favorably, gain prestige, and increase their caseload if they could have the same status of prescribing medication as psychiatrists do. Does this mean that a lack of prescription privileges promotes the image of psychology as an inferior profession to psychiatry? Contrary to this argument is the fact that psychologists are delivering more outpatient mental health care than any other group of providers.

Whatever some psychologists may perceive as a therapeutic drawback because they are unable to offer prescriptions for psychotropic medications apparently is not recognized by the general public. Psychologists may have flourished because they have offered a clear and distinct service from psychiatry. The use of medication may send a message to patients that may interfere with personal change and growth. Medications can undercut psychotherapy efforts by implying that benefits come from external agents, not from one's own efforts at change and growth.

A large portion of the population prefers the non-medication orientation of psychology. If psychologists began prescribing medications, many of their patients seeking alternative treatment might turn to social workers or other non-medical therapists. There is little question that psychologists' prescription privileges could have profound effects on the future direction of their profession.



（分数：20.00）

(1).Prescription' privileges may lead to professional discord mainly because

A. patients would turn to those qualified to prescribe.

B. not all psychologists would gain the right to prescribe.

C. trained prescribers are outstanding in their career.

D. psychological techniques would become second choice.（分数：4.00）

 A.

 B. √

 C.

 D.

解析：[解析] 细节题。根据题干定位到第一段。前两句指出：给予一部分心理学家开处方的权利会分化整体从业人员，导致思想分歧。因此B项“并不是所有的心理学家都有开处方的权利”为discord产生的原因。

(2).The word "accord" (Para. 1) means

A. to grant. B. to agree.

C. to conform. D. to bring.（分数：4.00）

 A. √

 B.

 C.

 D.

解析：[解析] 含义题。根据题干定位到第一段。本句意为“没有权利开处方的心理学家就会感觉他们像是被______了第二种职业地位”，推知accord意为“给予”，因此A项grant正确。其他选项均不符合题意。

(3).We can infer from the passage that if psychologists could prescribe

A. it would lead to broader third party payment.

B. they would be looked upon more favorably.

C. their caseload would increase.

D. they might become more influenced by the use of drugs.（分数：4.00）

 A.

 B.

 C.

 D. √

解析：[解析] 推断题。文章第二段最后一句话提到，心理医生有可能像精神病医师一样更多地使用药物疗法而变得更有影响力。由此可以推知D项正确。

(4).In the eyes of general public

A. psychology is an inferior profession to psychiatry.

B. inability to offer prescription put psychologists at a therapeutic disadvantage.

C. medication diminish the effectiveness of psychotherapy.

D. prescription privileges could raise the psychologists image.（分数：4.00）

 A.

 B.

 C. √

 D.

解析：[解析] 细节题。第四段末尾提到medications can undercut psychotherapy efforts by implying...(在……这一点上，药物可能会削弱心理治疗的效果)，C项表述了这一意思，为正确答案。

(5).The best title of the passage may be

A. Future Role of Psychologists

B. Prescribing Medications: a Reasonable Choice

C. Psychology versus Psychiatry

D. Prescription Privileges & Psychotropic Medications（分数：4.00）

 A.

 B. √

 C.

 D.

解析：[解析] 主旨题。本文主要围绕是否有必要给予心理从业人员处方权这一中心议题展开讨论，由此可见B项“开药物处方：一个理性的选择”正确。

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