上海市金山中学2019-2020学年高三上学期期中英语试题（解析版）

2020届高三第一学期英语测试卷

考生注意：考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

Ⅰ. Listeng Comprehension (30%)

Section A (10%)

Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

1. A. plumber. B. A dentist

C. A physician. D. A programmer.

2. A. 40 pence. B. 70 pence.

C. 1.4 pounds. D. 1.6 pounds.

3. A. She was apologetic. B. She was optimistic.

C. She was generous. D. She was unforgiving.

4. A. The woman is just in time. B. The plane has taken off.

C. He will call the plane back. D. The flight has been cancelled.

5. A. The man looks sick in blue. B. The man looks very angry.

C. The mans roommate is ill. D. The man’s roommate is back.

6. A. At the court. B. At a stationery shop

C. Near Robinson street. D. At the emergency room.

7. A. She appreciates what Jeff did. B. She feels really sorry for Jeff.

C. She thinks Jeff deserves his failure. D. She considers Jeff an upright boy.

8. A. Apply at the personnel office. B. Talk to the administrator first.

C. Go to the office himself. D. Call the administrative building.

9. A. He is preparing for his term paper on economic crisis.

B. He doesn’t know the paper well enough to comment yet.

C. He finds it difficult to form opinions about economic paper.

D. He is not sure whether he should read through the paper.

10. A. Mike is beginning to drink heavily again.

B. Mike has been having a hard time since he started drinking.

C. Mike is taking up his new happy as a long-distance runner.

D. Mike will eventually benefit from giving up heavy drinking.

Section B (20%)

Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked to questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.

Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.

11. A. In her friend’s car. B. In the baby sitter’s.

C. In the nearby hospital. D. In the local bar.

12. A. There was blood in her eyes.

B. The girl was sleeping soundly.

C. The girl was looking at the sky.

D The girl got seriously burnt in the back.

13. A. 2-year-old girl murdered by babysitter.

B. Mother of two children using drugs.

C. Baby-girl killed due to neglect.

D. Couple arrested for selling drugs.

Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.

14. A. 9.2 billion tons B. 6.9 billion tons

C. 5.3 million tons D. 14 million tons

15. A. Plastics are cheap. B. Plastics are durable.

C. Plastics are easily processed. D. Plastics are the cleanest items.

16. A. Because hospital plastics will be the only food for ocean animals.

B. Because hospital plastics ending up in oceans pose great risk to marine life.

C. Because hospital plastics aren’t recycled and take more time to biodegrade.

D. Because hospital plastics will ultimately be washed into the Earth’s sink.

Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.

17. A. To throw a birthday party. B. To post his photos online.

C. To take photos for his birthday. D. To share his friends’ photos online.

18. A. It is attractive and more efficient.

B. It is a great way to make friends.

C. It can make people feel uncomfortable.

D. It encourages personal information sharing.

19. A. Conservative and cautious. B. Indifferent and stubborn.

C Narrow-minded and rude. D. Optimistic and outgoing.

20. A. The Best way to celebrate a birthday party.

B. Different voices about social media sharing.

C. Various ways to interact with people.

D. The benefits of privacy protection.

Ⅱ. Grammar and vocabulary (25%)

Section A (10%)

Directions: Read the following two passages. Fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct.

Facebook to buy tech start-up working on mind control technology

TECH giant Facebook announced it has made a deal with a start-up company working on technology that will allow users to make computer commands using their mind ___1___ of more traditional methods like taps and keystrokes.

CTRL-Labs will become part of Facebook Reality Labs with an aim of perfecting the technology and ____2____ (build) it into consumer products, according to Andrew Bosworth, vice president of augmented reality and virtual reality at the social media company. “We spend a lot of time trying to get our technology ___3___ (do) what we want rather than enjoying the people around us. We know there are more natural, intuitive ways to interact with devices and technology,” he said in ___4___ online post.

The wristband will decode electrical impulses ___5___ (send) to hand muscles, telling them to move in certain ways. The vision for this work is a wristband ___6___ lets people control their devices as a natural extension of movement. Here’s how it ___7___ (work): You have neurons in your spinal cord that send electrical signals to your hand muscles telling them to move in specific ways such as to click a mouse or press a button.

The wristband will decode those signals and translate them into a digital signal your device ___8___ understand, empowering you with control over your digital life. It captures your intention so you can share a photo with a friend using an unperceivable movement or just by, well, intending to. Bosworth also explains how thought-commanded interactions might dramatically alter ___9___ people experience virtual reality scenarios, which currently feature hand-held controls. _______10_______ Facebook hasn’t disclosed financial terms of the deal to buy the New York-based CTRL-labs so far, unconfirmed media reports said it paid more than $500 million.

【答案】1. instead

2. building

3. to do 4. an

5. sent 6. that/which

7. will work/works

8. can 9. how

10. While/ Although

【解析】

【分析】

本文是一篇新闻报道。Facebook收购科技初创公司CTRL-Labs。这是一家总部位于纽约的初创公司，专门从事人类使用人脑控制计算机的工作，其生产的腕带能够将大脑的信号传输到计算机输入中。

【1题详解】

考查介词短语。句意：科技巨头Facebook宣布，它已与一家从事技术开发的初创公司达成协议，允许用户使用自己的大脑来进行计算机指令，来取代像点击（鼠标）和击键盘这样更传统的方法。根据句意，“用户可以用自己的大脑给计算机发出指令”和“像传统的点击（鼠标）或键盘这样的方法”，两个句子之间是转折的关系。instead of 意为“取代，代替，而不是”，表示转折的意义。故填instead。

【2题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：CTRL-Labs将成为Facebook现实实验室的一部分，目的是完善这项技术，并将其打造成消费产品。短语with an aim of…“以…为目的”，后接v-ing做介词宾语；所填词和perfecting是并列的介词宾语，build应用动名词形式，故填building。

【3题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：我们花了很多时间试图让高科技去做我们想做的事，而不是去享受身边的人。短语get sb. to do ….意为“让某人做…”, 动词do和其逻辑主语our technology与主动关系，应用动词不定式的一般式做宾语补足语，故填to do。

【4题详解】

考查冠词。句意：他在一篇网上的帖子上说。不定冠词a/an表示数量，意为“一篇，一个”，online的发音是以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。

【5题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：腕带将解码发送到手部肌肉的电脉冲，指示它们以特定的方式移动。分析句子结构可知，所填词在句中做定语；send和其逻辑主语electrical impulses是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语，相当于定语从句which are sent。故填sent。

【6题详解】

考查定语从句。句意：这项工作的愿景是用一个腕带作为运动的自然延伸，让人们控制他们的设备。分析句子结构可知，空后是定语从句，修饰先行词a wristband，指物，在从句中做主语，故填that/which。

【7题详解】

考查时态。句意：下面是它如何工作的。下文是介绍这种腕带的工作方式，是说明客观情况，应用一般现在时；也可用一般将来时表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。故填will work/works。

【8题详解】

考查情态动词。句意：腕带将解码这些信号，并将它们转化为您的设备能够理解的数字信号。分析句子结构，所填词与understand一起作定语从句的谓语，因此所填词应为情态动词或者是助动词；此处用情态动词can表示能力，相当于 be able to，意为“能够”。故填can。

【9题详解】

考查从属连词。句意：Bosworth还解释了思想指挥的互动是怎样极大地改变人们体验虚拟现实场景的方式。分析句子结构，所填词引导alter后的宾语从句；根据句意，应为“人们如何体验虚拟现实场景”，应为how引导宾语从句。故填how。

【10题详解】

考查从属连词。句意：尽管Facebook迄今尚未披露收购总部位于纽约的CTRL-labs的财务条款，但未经证实的媒体报道称，它支付了超过5亿美元。分析句子的逻辑关系，上一句“Facebook尚未披露财务条款”，下一句“媒体报道称支付了…”，前后两句之间应该是转折的关系，应用While/ Although引导让步状语从句。故填While/ Although。

【点睛】过去分词用作后置定语

过去分词做定语相当于一个由which, that或who引导的定语从句。若是及物动词的过去分词作定语，可以改为被动形式的定语从句；如果是不及物动词的过去分词作定语，则可以改为完成式或改为表示状态的定语从句。若是过去分词短语作定语, 通常置于被修饰的名词之后，作后置定语。

　We’ll talk about the problem discussed (= which was discussed) at the meeting yesterday. 我们将谈谈昨天会议上讨论的问题。

The meeting attended by many famous people (= which was attended by many people) was a great success. 这次会议获得很大的成功，有很多名人出席。

Most of the guests invited (=who were invited) to the evening party were college students. 应邀参加晚会的客人大多数是大学生。

a retired worker (= a worker who has retired) 一名退休工人

a returned soldier (= a soldier who has returned) 一位返乡的士兵

如本题中第5小题中，所给词send和其逻辑主语electrical impulses是被动关系，用过去分词sent作后置定语，相当于定语从句which are sent。

Section B (15%)

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Bhutan is the country of a stunning and wide variety of flora and fauna, amazing architecture, ancient traditions, remarkably friendly people and unique colorful culture. It is ____11____ the worlds’ happiest country and also one of the greenest, for the Himalayan kingdom is not only carbon neutral, but carbon ____12____.

What is also noteworthy is that this is happening despite increasing tourism. One of the ways foreigners can contribute to the country’s conservation efforts is to visit the miraculous land. As a travel destination Bhutan remains unique, ____13____ between its industrialized neighbors China and India. The isolated nation only opened up to foreign visits in 1974 and allowed TVs in 1999.

Bhutan has built sustainability into its national ____14____. “Our enlightened monarchs (君王) have worked tirelessly to develop our country, ____15____ economic growth carefully with social development, environmental sustainability, and cultural preservation, all within the framework of good governance,” Tshering Tobgay, Bhutan’s Prime Minister said at a 2016 TED Talk. One of the ways Bhutan has achieved this is controlled, low ____16____ tourism.

Unless you’re from India, Bangladesh, or the Maldives, you’ll need a visa to explore this wonderland—there is no independent travel. Aside from the visa ($40), tourists must pay an additional $200 to $250 “Minimum Daily Package Fee” and book through an officially ____17____ tour operator. The fee can confuse or put off potential visitors, so it’s worth clarifying what it is. It covers lodging in three-star accommodations, all meals, a(n) ____18____ guide, camping and hiking equipment, domestic travel (excluding flights), and taxes and fees. A daily sustainable development fee of $65 is also included in the package. This goes towards ____19____ education, healthcare, and poverty alleviation, along with the building of infrastructure to _____20_____ growing tourism.

【答案】11. G 12. B

13. J 14. D

15. H 16. A

17. C 18. F

19. E 20. K

【解析】

本文是说明文。文章讲述了不丹是世界上最环保的国家之一。政府很好地平衡了旅游业的增长与社会发展、环境可持续性和文化保护之间的关系。

【11题详解】

考查副词。句意：它可以说是世界上最幸福的国家，也是最环保的国家之一。分析句子结构，所填词应该是副词，修饰后面的表语；arguably是副词，意为“可论证地，可以说”，符合句意。故填G项。

【12题详解】

考查形容词。句意：因为这个喜马拉雅王国不仅是碳中性的，而且是碳排放是负值。negative是形容词，此处意为“负的，负值的”。根据下文可知，不丹在发展旅游业的同时，还注意了环境保护。carbon negative指“生产时产生的碳要低于消耗的碳”。故填B项。

【13题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一个旅游目的地，不丹仍然是独一无二的，夹在工业化邻国中国和印度之间。根据短语between … and ....可知，句意应为“…在…之间”，所填词为动词；sandwich是动词，意为“夹入（挤进）……中间”；sandwich和其逻辑主语Bhutan是被动关系，用过去分词sandwiched作状语，故填J项。

【14题详解】

考查名词。句意：不丹已将可持续性纳入其国家认同。空前是形容词national，应填名词作句子的宾语；identity是名词，意为“同一性，一致，特性”；短语national identity意为“国家认同， 民族认同”。故填D项。

【15题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：我们开明的君主们为发展我国作出了不懈的努力，谨慎地平衡了经济增长与社会发展、环境可持续性和文化保护之间的关系。根据句意，所填词应该为动词；balance是动词，意为“使平衡”；短语balance… with…意为“使…平衡/均衡”；balance与句子主语Our enlightened monarchs之间是主动关系，用现在分词balancing做状语。故填H项。

【16题详解】

考查名词。句意：不丹实现这一目标的方法之一是控制性的、低影响的旅游业。根据上下文可知，不丹的旅游业对经济的发展影响较小；impact是名词，意为“影响”，符合句意。故填A项。

【17题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：除了签证（40美元），游客必须额外支付200至250美元的“最低每日套餐费”，并通过官方批准的旅游经营者预订。分析句意，所填词应该为形容词或相当于形容词的词；approve是动词，意为“批准，同意”，与所修饰名词tour operator是被动关系；短语officially approved意为“被官方批准的”，是过去分词短语作定语。故填C项。

【18题详解】

考查形容词。句意：它包括三星级住宿，所有膳食，一名持照导游，野营和徒步旅行设备，国内旅行（不包括航班），以及税费。分析语境，修饰名词guide应该用形容词; licensed是形容词，意为“获许的，得到许可的”，符合句意。故填F项。

【19题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：这将用于资助教育、医疗保健和扶贫，以及建设基础设施以适应日益增长的旅游业。fund是动词，意为“投资，资助”；在介词towards后应该用v-ing形式，因此用动名词形式funding作介词宾语。故填E项。

【20题详解】

考查动词。句意：这将用于资助教育、医疗保健和扶贫，以及基础设施的建设以适应日益增长的旅游业。分析句意，此处是动词不定式作目的状语；在动词不定式符号to 后应该用动词原形；accommodate是动词，意为“使适应 ，供应”，符合句意。故填K项。

Ⅲ. Reading Comprehension (45%)

Section A (15%)

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

India announced a complete ban on the sale of all e-cigarettes, saying the products posed a health risk, especially to young people.

Some 35 million people around the world are believed to be using e-cigarettes or the newer heat-not-burn products. They are popular among smokers in many places who are trying to kick the habit, as they ____21____ the urge for nicotine while removing exposure to the tar and toxins of burned tobacco. These novel ____22____ come with attractive appearances and multiple flavors and their use has increased enormously and has ____23____ epidemic proportions in developed countries, especially among youth and children.

Unfortunately, though e-cigarettes got promoted ____24____ as a way in which people can get out of the habit of smoking cigarettes, many people worry they’re ____25____ new addictions to nicotine, particularly among young people.

“It is time that we immediately made a decision so that the health of our citizens, of our young, is not ____26____ to a risk, Indian Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman said Wednesday after a Cabinet meeting. Sitharaman said the outbreak of lung injuries associated with e-cigarettes had added to local ____27____ about the impact of e-cigarettes on people’s health. Hundreds of people are being ____28____ for lung illness in 36 US states and researchers are investigating if those illnesses are related to the use of e-cigarettes. ____29____, an emergency ordinance (法令) banning the use of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) will be _____30_____ in the coming days. The ordinance will be taken up during the next session of Parliament and converted into law.

Sitharaman added that the ban would _____31_____ e-cigarette production, manufacturing, import, export, transport, sale, distribution, storage and advertisement. It includes all forms of ENDS, heat-not-burn products and e-hookah devices, according to a press release. People who _____32_____ the ban once could face up to one year in prison or a fine of 100,000 rupees ($1,400) or both. _____33_____ e-cigarettes would also be punishable with up to six months in prison and a 50,000-rupee ($700) fine.

The nationwide _____34_____ came after almost a dozen Indian states had taken similar action. Vendors with existing stock will have to declare and deposit their _____35_____ e-cigarettes and cartridges at the nearest police station, the statement added.

21. A. resist B. satisfy C. desire D. survive

22. A. bans B. devices C. risks D. sales

23. A. elevated B. reserved C. acquired D. deprived

24. A. sensibly B. initially C. accidentally D. reliably

25. A. polishing B. paving C. rejecting D. creating

26. A. thrown B. addicted C. accustomed D. entitled

27. A. passions B. charged C. requests D. concerns

28. A. secured B. charged C. treated D. granted

29. A. Currently B. Accordingly C. Lately D. Previously

30. A. issued B. relieved C. realized D. approached

31. A. bridge B. liberate C. disclose D. cover

32. A. violate B. regulate C. lift D. disapprove

33. A. Banning B. Smoking C. Storing D. Refusing

34. A. option B. move C. applause D. rescue

35. A. expensive B. scarce C. remaining D. fake

【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. C

【解析】

本文是新闻报道。印度宣布全面禁止销售所有电子烟，因为电子烟会让人产生新的烟瘾，构成健康风险。

【21题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们在许多地方的吸烟者中很受欢迎。吸烟者试图戒掉抽烟的习惯，因为它们满足了对尼古丁的渴求，同时消除了对燃烧烟草中的焦油和毒素的接触。A. resist抗拒，抵制；B. satisfy使满足；C. desire欲望，愿望；D. survive幸存，生还。根据生活常识，烟瘾是因为对烟草中尼古丁的欲望，而电子烟代替烟是因为能让人们满足这种欲望。故选B项。

【22题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些新颖的装置有着吸引人的外观和多种口味。A. bans禁令； B. devices设备，装置；C. risks风险，冒险；D. sales销售。“这些装置”指上文的

e-cigarettes。故选B项。

【23题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些新颖的装置有吸引人的外观和多种口味，它们的使用在发达国家，特别是在青年和儿童中，大大流行。A. elevated提升，举起，振奋（精神等）； B. reserved预定，储备；C. acquired取得，获得；D. deprived使丧失，剥夺。acquire epidemic proportions意为“达到流行的比例”，指电子烟非常盛行。故选C项。

【24题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，虽然电子烟最初得到宣传是作为让人们摆脱吸烟习惯的一种方法。A. sensibly理智地，明智地；B. initially起初，开始；C. accidentally偶然地；D. reliably可信赖地，可依靠地。根据上文They are popular among smokers in many places who are trying to kick the habit可知，一开始的时候宣传用电子烟代替烟草是因为想让人们戒掉抽烟的习惯。故选B项。

【25题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多人担心他们正在引起新的尼古丁成瘾，特别是在年轻人中。A. polishing抛光，（给文章）润色；B. paving铺路；C. rejecting拒绝；D. creating创造，产生。印度开始禁止电子烟是因为发现电子烟会产生新的烟瘾。故选D项。

【26题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在该是我们立即做出决定的时候了，这样我们的公民的健康，我们的年轻人的健康就不会有风险。A. thrown扔，使陷入（困境等）；B. addicted使上瘾；C. accustomed使习惯；D. entitled使有资格/权利，给…题名。短语throw… to a risk“使…陷入有风险的处境”。故选A项。

【27题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sitharaman说，与电子烟相关的肺损伤的爆发增加了当地对电子烟对人们健康影响的担忧。A. passions热情，激情；B. charged收费，负责；C. requests请求；D. concerns关注，担忧。因为关系到人们的健康，电子烟也会让人们成瘾，因此担忧它对人们健康的影响。故选D项。

【28题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：在美国的36个州，有成百上千的人正在因为肺部疾病而接受治疗。A. secured保证；B. charged收费，负责；C. treated治疗；D. granted授予，允许，（勉强）同意。根据上文the outbreak of lung injuries可知，很多人因为抽电子烟染上了肺部疾病，正在接受治疗。故选C项。

【29题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，在接下来的几天里将颁布一项紧急法令，禁止使用电子尼古丁输送系统(ENDS)。A. Currently目前，现在；B. Accordingly因此，于是，相应地；C. Lately最近； D. Previously先前，以往。电子烟引起了肺部疾病的爆发，因此政府禁止使用电子烟。accordingly表示因果关系。故选B项。

【30题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，在接下来的几天里将颁布一项紧急法令，禁止使用电子尼古丁输送系统(ENDS)。A. issued发行，发布；B. relieved解除，减轻；C. realized意识到；D. approached靠近，处理。根据句意，应该是issue an emergency ordinance “颁布/发布一条紧急法令”。故选A项。

【31题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sitharaman补充说，禁令将涵盖电子烟的生产、制造、进口、出口、运输、销售、分销、储存和广告。A. bridge架桥于，跨过；B. liberate解放；C. disclose公开，揭露； D. cover包括，覆盖。根据句意，禁令应该涉及到与电子烟有关的一系列的产业链。故选D项。

【32题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：一旦违反禁令，将面临一年监禁或10万卢比（1400美元）的罚款或两种并罚。A. violate违反；B. regulate调节，控制；C. lift解除（禁令）；D. disapprove不赞成。根据句中a fine of …和punishable 等词可知是违反禁令就会受到严厉处罚。故选A项。

【33题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：储存电子烟也将被处以最多六个月的监禁和5万卢比（700美元）的罚款。A. Banning禁止；B. Smoking 吸烟；C. Storing存放，储存；D. Refusing拒绝。禁令不仅对吸电子烟的人会进行处罚，对储存电子烟的人也会进行处罚。故选C项。

【34题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：在印度几乎有十几个邦采取了类似行动之后，这一行动在全国范围内展开。A. option 选择；B. move行动，举措；C. applause鼓掌，掌声；D. rescue救援，抢救。根据下一句Vendors with existing stock will have to declare and deposit their _____ e-cigarettes and cartridges at the nearest police station可知是将在全国范围内采取措施。

故选B项。

【35题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现有库存的电子烟供应商必须申报并将剩余的电子烟和电子烟盒存放在最近的警察局。A. expensive昂贵的；B. scarce稀缺的；C. remaining剩余的； D. fake假的。根据existing stock（现有库存）可知，是还没卖出去的（剩下的）电子烟要申报并且存放在警察局。故选C项。

Section B (22%)

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

FIRE plays an important role in maintaining woodland ecosystems but fire introduced to undergrowth too often destroys too much; as humans remain the leading cause of wildfire, the responsibility to minimize the damage done falls on our shoulders. Here are four man-made fires that highlight the mission to fight fire and help to replant the world’s forests to counter the effects of deforestation.

Heilongjiang Fire—China, 1987

One of the largest fires ever to occur in history, the Heilongiiang Fire devoured three million acres of forest in the Greater Khingan Range. Reports attributed the fire’s easy spread to dry conditions in the area-but it was excessive logging activity without any effort to let the forest regrow that really let it rage unhindered. 34,000 soldiers were deployed to put the fire out, and 33,000 people were left homeless.

Wallow Fire—USA, 2011

Still the largest wildfire in Arizona’s history, Wallow got its name when two men accidentally started it while camping in the Bear Wallow Wilderness. Their campfire blew out of control and burned through over half a million acres of land, costing $72 million to extinguish, and a further $37 million to clean up and rebuild after the damage. More than 6,000 people had to be evacuated.

Uttarakhand fires—India, 2016

Throughout the year, man-made fires plagued the pine forests of the Uttarakhand Region. Widespread media coverage eventually spurred the government on to intervene, sending Indian Air Force helicopters to put them out. It’s suspected that these increased numbers could be the result of honey or seed collectors trying to frighten off animals.

Brandenburg Fire—Germany, 2018

Largely thanks to longer, dryer summers than usual—the forested area of Brandenburg, Germany, caught alight. Results of investigation suggested that evidence pointed to arson (纵火). Brandenburg lost nearly 1,000 acres of its forested land and three nearby villages had to be evacuated. A choking, smoky haze drifted twelve miles to Berlin, causing residents to have to shut themselves in their home.

36. The underlined word “counter” in the first paragraph has the closest meaning to ________.

A. reverse B. multiply

C. achieve D. enhance

37. Which of the following is true about the four fires?

A. The dry condition of the Greater Khingan Range was mainly responsible for the rage of Heilongjiang Fire.

B. A total of $72 million was poured in putting out the Wallow Fire alone.

C. Uttarakhand fires claimed so many lives that Air Force helicopters came to the rescue.

D. Excessive heat from the Brandenburg Fire confined the residents nearby to their homes.

38. The most suitable title for this passage might be ________.

A. hot weather setting the globe on fire

B. forest blazes caused by human hands

C. forest fires consuming people and money

D. uncontained forest fires raging worldwide

【答案】36. A 37. B 38. B

【解析】

本文是说明文，介绍了四场人为造成的、损失巨大的森林火灾。

【36题详解】

词句猜测题。根据“help to replant the world’s forests （帮助世界各地的森林重新种植）”可知，是为了“降低”对森林烧毁的影响。此题可用排除法来做。multiply（使增加，使繁殖，相乘），achieve（实现），enhance（加强，增加）都意为“增加森林烧毁的影响”；reverse意为“撤销，反转”，与 “降低森林烧毁的影响”意思相符。counter意为“抵消，抗衡，反击”，故选A项。

【37题详解】

细节理解题。根据Wallow Fire—USA, 2011这一部分中Their campfire …. costing $72 million to extinguish可知，仅扑灭这场营火就耗资7200万美元。故选B项。

【38题详解】

主旨大意题。 文中提到的四场森林火灾的原因分别为：excessive logging activity（过度的伐木活动），two men accidentally started it while camping（两个人露营时不小心引发的），the result of honey or seed collectors trying to frighten off animals（蜂蜜或种子收集者试图吓跑动物的结果），evidence pointed to arson（证据表明纵火）可知，这四场森林火灾都是人为的。文章介绍了四场由于人为原因造成的森林火灾。故选B项。

(B)

FitQuest 2000 Price: $199 Available: Most large department stores.

The following is a consumer report published in Fitness Journal

39. According to the Consumer Report, the FitQuest 2000 is an ideal model for potential users because ________.

A. it boasts far more workout options than similar models

B. it takes less than 10 minutes to assemble and unpack

C. it proves really convenient to operate and adjust

D. it outperforms any gym models though a lot cheaper

40. The FitQuest 2000 warranty does not include ________.

A. machines which have a manufacturing defect

B. machines that fail structurally during normal usage

C. shipping or packaging charges for returned items

D. fees paid to workers for their repair work

41. A customer can still get full refunds if he doesn’t ________.

A. return the machine within 30 days after purchase

B. pack the machine in the original box

C. enclose a clear copy of the original sales receipt

D. justify his dissatisfaction with the machine

42. The article is mainly written to ________.

A. persuade the readers of the machine’s good value for money

B. courage the readers to find out more about fitness

C. convince the readers to subscribe to the Fitness Journal magazine

D. discourage the readers from working out in the gyms

【答案】39. C 40. C 41. D 42. A

【解析】

本文是应用文，是FitQuest 2000健身器材的宣传广告，还有消费报告、以及售后的保障承诺说明。

【39题详解】

细节理解题。根据The following is a consumer report…部分中“The first pleasant surprise was opening the box to find it fully assembled. The FitQuest easily unpacked and unfolded, and within 10 minutes, I was working out! ”可知，收到产品时是完全组装好了的，而且很容易拆开包装、容易展开。在10分钟内就可以开始锻炼，因此 FitQuest操作起来很方便，调节也很容易。故选C项。

【40题详解】

细节理解题。根据5-Year Limited Warranty部分中“FitQuest Inc. shall not be liable for shipping or packaging charges to or from the factory for returned items”可知，如果要返回工厂维修，FitQuest公司不承担往返工厂的运费或包装费。故选C项。

【41题详解】

细节理解题。根据Money Back Guarantee部分“It is requested that you also provide an explanation of why you were dissatisfied with the machine, which is optional and will be used by FitQuest only to improve our products”可知，如果要求退款，顾客可以提供解释，为什么对产品不满意，但是这是可供选择的额，顾客也可以选择不解释。顾客的反馈只用于FitQuest改进他们的产品。只要其他的达到了退款担保中的要求，就可以30天内全部退款。故选D项。

【42题详解】

推理判断题。文章对FitQuest 2000 产品进行宣传，还提供了消费报告、5年限保和30天内全额退款保障说明，这些都是为了让顾客相信FitQuest 2000物有所值、值得购买。故选A项。

(C)

There’s more fresh water hidden below Earth’s surface in underground aquifers (含水层) than any other source besides the ice sheets. That groundwater earns an unshakably important place for rivers worldwide, keeping them running even when droughts bring their waters low.

But in recent decades humans have pumped trillions of gallons out of those underground reservoirs. In a new research, water experts and scientists are taking a global look at where groundwater is already being extracted at such a rate that it has caused water levels to drop so much in rivers and streams that they will slip into the ecological danger zone.

Much of that water is being removed much faster than it can be refilled. That has enormous potential consequences for people and crops in areas that don’t get enough rain. But far before those impacts emerge, the effects will fiercely hit rivers, streams, and the habitats around them. Hundreds of rivers and streams around the world would become so water-stressed that the entire ecological system would hit a danger point, says Inge de Graaf, the lead author of the research. “We can really consider this ecological effect like a ticking time bomb,” she says. “If we pump the groundwater now, we don’t see the impacts until like 10 years further or even longer.”

But the severity of the impacts might still be underestimated. As a baseline, they used the global water demand in 2010 and spun their climate model forward to predict how stresses on groundwater systems might develop. But as populations swell and the demand for food rises, those stresses could skyrocket for reasons other than climate change, speeding along the extraction from underground water sources.

The effects of over-pumping groundwater take years, if not decades, to become visible. Changes in rain have immediate, obvious effects on river flow. When it pours, rivers often rage. But groundwater is hidden and changes don’t always manifest in the place where the pumping occurs and are programmed to “wait for the perfect moment”. That makes aquifer management issues extra challenging. In the meantime, rivers and streams are the signal that says we’re using water in an unsustainable fashion, we need to take a hard look at what we’re doing.”.

43. The underground water is of critical importance to rivers due to the fact that ________.

A. it helps to maintain the same water level of rivers

B. it stops the running of rivers during dry spells

C. it leaves rivers drying out due to droughts

D. it ensures the flow of rivers throughout the year

44. The phrase “slip into the ecological danger zone” (in the second paragraph) suggests that ________.

A. it is thrilling to explore the ecological danger zone

B. pumping underground water is convenient though dangerous

C. the underground water level has dropped to an alarming level

D. the constant drop of water level prevents people feeling secure

45. Why does the author say “the severity of the impacts might still be underestimated” (in the fourth paragraph)?

A. Because the water demand data in 2010 was not accurate.

B. Because the water demand has soared ever since 2010.

C. Because the water demand was not stressful in 2010.

D. Because the water demand prediction didn’t consider climate change.

46. Over-pumping groundwater doesn’t show immediate effect because _________.

A. the changes are waiting for a heavy rain

B. underground water is used sustainably

C. the changes take longer to come to light

D. underground water is inexhaustible

【答案】43. D 44. C 45. B 46. C

【解析】

【分析】

本文是议论文。气候变化、人口的迅速增加和对粮食需求的增加，引起水需求急剧上升，从而加速了地下水源的开采。地下水过度开采会导致生态系统处于危险境地，而且这种影响要很多年以后才能显现出来。

【43题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段“That groundwater earns an unshakably important place for rivers worldwide, keeping them running even when droughts bring their waters low”可知，地下水对世界各地的河流都很重要是因为即使在干旱使河流水位降低的情况下，地下水也能保证河流 继续流淌。故选D项。

【44题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第二段“…groundwater is already being extracted at such a rate that it has caused water levels to drop so much in rivers and streams”可知，因为地下水的开采速度太快，导致河流和溪流的水位迅速下降，这会使生态环境有危险。故选C项。

【45题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段“But as populations swell and the demand for food rises, those stresses could skyrocket for reasons other than climate change, speeding along the extraction from underground water sources”可知，研究者们使用2010年的全球水需求作为基准，预测地下水系统的压力会如何发展。但是自2010年以来，除了气候变化以外，随着人口的迅速增加和对粮食的需求的增加，水需求急剧上升，从而加速了地下水源的开采。研究者可能低估了地下水开采加速的严重性。故选B项。

【46题详解】

细节理解题。根据第五段“The effects of over-pumping groundwater take years, if not decades, to become visible”和groundwater is hidden and changes don’t always manifest in the place where the pumping occurs and are programmed to “wait for the perfect moment”可知，因为地下水是隐藏的，变化并不总是在抽取地下水的地方表现出来。过度抽取地下水的影响需要数年甚至数十年才能显现出来。故选C项。

【点睛】长难句的阅读理解方法——结构分析法

　　所谓结构分析法，就是通过语法分析，迅速弄清句子的结构，把握住句子的基本框架。基本步骤是：首先，判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句；然后，找出句子的核心成分，分清主语和谓语，再分清句子的附属成分。

1、带有较多成分的简单句

处理方法——找主谓语，即找主干成分。

如：But as populations swell and the demand for food rises, those stresses could skyrocket for reasons other than climate change, speeding along the extraction from underground water sources.

分析：此句是复合句。主句部分是those stresses could skyrocket….. ；as 引导时间状语从句as populations swell and the demand for food rises；speeding along the extraction from underground water sources是现在分词短语作结果状语。

句意：但除了气候变化以外，随着人口的增多和对粮食的需求的增加，这些压力可能会急剧上升，加速从地下水源的开采。

2、含有多个简单句的并列句

处理方法——找并列连词

如：But groundwater is hidden and changes don’t always manifest in the place where the pumping occurs and are programmed to “wait for the perfect moment”.

分析：此句是有两个and连接的两个并列句。第一个and 连接两个句子groundwater is hidden 和changes don’t always manifest in the place…；第二个and 连接两个并列的谓语动词changes don’t always manifest…and are programmed…。

句意：但是地下水是隐藏的，变化并不总是在抽水的地方出现，并且是程序化的“等待完美的时刻（才出现）”。

3、含有固定句式的复合句

处理方法——找连词

如：Hundreds of rivers and streams around the world would become so water-stressed that the entire ecological system would hit a danger point, says Inge de Graaf, the lead author of the research.

分析：此句虽然很长，但是是一个结果状语从句。句中有so… that…引导的结果状语从句 …so water-stressed that …。找出固定句式可以帮助理解整个句子。

句意：世界各地的数百条河流和溪流的水将变得如此紧张，以至于该研究的主要作者Inge de Graaf说，整个生态系统都会遇到危险。

4、含有多个插入成分的句子。如：

处理方法——删掉插入语，读懂主句

如：The effects of over-pumping groundwater take years, if not decades, to become visible.分析：此句是一个简单句，句中有状语从句的省略结构if not decades，阅读时可以跳过，可看出句子主干部分是：The effects… take years... to become visible，使句子变得容易理解。

句意：过度抽取地下水的影响需要数年甚至数十年才能显现出来。

Section C (8%)

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

Climate change is changing the flavor of French wine

Records going back 700 years show that Burgundy’s wine grapes have been feeling the heat of the past three decades.

The summer of 1540 was burning hot in the vine-covered hills of Burgundy, France—so hot as to be “almost unbearable,” according to one written account from the time. ____47____ In the Alps, glaciers melted, their snouts retreating up steep-sided valleys. Fires burned from France to Poland. And in the wine country of central France, the grapes withered to raisins (葡萄干) on the vine, so sugary the wine made from them was syrupy and extra-alcoholic.

___48___ the look of the vines before they bud; the look of the vines as they mature over long seasons; and the fat, sugary, fragrant curve of the grapes when they’re ready to be made into wine. Normally, winemakers harvested grapes at the very end of September or early October. But that year, they had to rush to get overripe grapes off the vine weeks earlier than usual.

Now, a nearly 700-year-long record of harvest shows that early harvest dates like the one from 1540 are now par for the course, thanks to climate change. ____49____ “We can clearly see the reaction of the grapes to the rise in temperature,” says Thomas Labbé, an historian at the University of Burgundy. “We can predict, using modeling, the harvest will occur around about the 15th of August, in the core of summer.”

___50___ Already, as temperatures worldwide have warmed, the alcohol content of wines has bumped up from about 12 percent in the 1970s to about 14 percent today, though that number varies from region to region. Part of that, though, is winemaker preference, part of it is because grapes are maturing faster in the heat. The more sugar they accumulate, the more of it is converted to alcohol during the winemaking process.

A. Though the kind of heat hasn’t settled into Burgundy yet, it’s probably coming.

B. Winemakers have kept careful track of the harvest dates for centuries.

C. That will almost certainly affect the way wines taste and feel, and how strong they are.

D. In fact it was hot all across Europe that year.

E. The subtle feel resulting from more alcoholic wine is not favored.

F. Winemakers know the growth stages intimately.

【答案】47. D 48. F

49. A 50. C

【解析】

本文是说明文，气候变化正在改变法国葡萄酒的风味。由于气温升高，葡萄成熟较早，糖份会更高。更多的糖份在酿造时被转换成酒精，葡萄酒的酒精含量上升。

【47题详解】

此题是词汇复现线索。空前句中 burning hot和so hot as to be “almost unbearable”

都是说明“这个夏天法国酷热难耐”。选项D意为：事实上，那年整个欧洲都很热，“hot”与空前句中的词汇重复；空后句中In the Alps, glaciers melted和Fires burned from France to Poland是举例说明欧洲其他地区“很炎热”。因此选项D是对上下文承上启下。故选D项。

【48题详解】

此空位于段首。空后“the look of …; the look of ….; and the…curve of the grapes when they’re ready to be made into wine”是描述葡萄生长过程中不同阶段的样子；选项F意为：酿酒师非常熟悉葡萄酒生长的各个阶段。选线F是本段的总起句，空后内容是细节句。故选F项。

【49题详解】

根据空后一句“We can clearly see the reaction of the grapes to the rise in temperature”可知，葡萄对气温的升高已经有了反应。选项A意为：虽然这种热还没有进入Burgundy，但它可能就要来了。选项A中的“the kind of heat”和前一句中“the rise in temperature”都是“指温度升高”，句意顺承。故选A项。

【50题详解】

此空位于段首。根据空后一句提到高温对葡萄酒带来的影响，“the alcohol content of wines has bumped up（（葡萄酒的酒精含量上升）”；选项C意为：这几乎肯定会影响葡萄酒的味道、口感以及烈度，是本段的主题句。故选C项。

第Ⅱ卷

I. Summary (10%)

51.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible.

Since the dawn of civilization, crop diversity has always been holding an important position as the foundation of agriculture. Food plants have been domesticated, selected, exchanged, and improved by farmers in traditional ways, within traditional production systems. This process has been hugely accelerated and focused by scientific crop improvement, leading to the steady rise in yields since the 1960s. Half of the increase in food production globally can be attributed to genetic improvement.

But experts say the number of crops has decreased sharply during the past century. One of the world’s largest seed conservation projects has predicted further losses. The Millennium Seed Bank Partnership is warning that up to one hundred thousand plant species could permanently disappear. The rich collection of genes that decide their qualities would disappear with them.

Many experts blame climate change for damaging plant life. Rising temperatures, changing seasonal patterns and increasing frequency of extreme weather events are the invisible hand behind the great reduction. Others say human activities and poorly planned, overly heavy use of land also are responsible. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization says modern business farming is responsible for loss of farmers’ traditional crop varieties. Though the use of modern commercial farming methods saved millions of people from starvation, some traditional crops were lost during the process.

More recently, the UN Sustainable Development Goals have called for global efforts to highlight the protection and revival of crop diversity as an important means to ensure that crop diversity is conserved and made available for food and nutritional security to feed the increasing population of our planet. On top of the agenda is to maintain the genetic diversity of seeds and cultivated plants through soundly managed and diversified seed and plant banks at the national, regional and international levels. Equally important, more government funds be channeled into rural infrastructure, agricultural research and extension services, technology development and plant gene banks in order to enhance agricultural productive capacity in less developed countries.

【答案】Topic： crop diversity

Point 1： the important role of crop diversity in agriculture and food production

Point 2： the loss of crop diversity

Point 3： three factors for crop diversity loss (climate change , land overuse and modern business farming are contributing factors)

Point 4：recover crop diversity through

a. proper management of the seed and plant bank worldwide

b. increasing investment

【解析】

【分析】

本文是议论文。农作物多样性是农业的基础。 但是在过去的一个世纪里， 农作物的物种数量急剧下降，气温上升、人类活动和计划不周、土地使用过多是很多农作物物种消失的原因。要保护农作物的多样性，应妥善管理和培育多样化的种子和植物库，还需投入资金提高农业生产力。

【详解】第一段提出观点：农作物多样性占有重要的地位，是农业的基础，应该科学地对农作物进行改良，提高了粮食产量。此段中心词为 crop diversity，hold an important position ；the increase in food production。主题句crop diversity has always been holding an important position as the foundation of agriculture可改写为the importance of crop diversity in agriculture。

第二段提出观点：农作物的数量急剧减少，很多农作物物种可能会永久消失，收集的基因也将随之消失。中心词为decreased sharply，further losses，disappear。

第三段关于农作物物种数量减少的原因，提出三种观点：有些专家认为“气候变化破坏了植物的生命”；有人认为“人类活动和规划不当、过度使用土地也是原因”；联合国粮农组织认为“现在的农业商业化也是原因”。中心词为：blame climate change for damaging plant life ；human activities and poorly planned, overly heavy use of land also are responsible；modern business farming is responsible。

第四段呼吁呼吁全球努力保护和恢复作物多样性，并提出两个方法：1. 通过妥善管理来维持种子及栽培植物的遗传多样性；2. 更多的资金将用于农村基础设施、农业研究和推广服务、技术开发和植物基因库，以提高农业生产能力。中心词为：maintain the genetic diversity of seeds and cultivated plants，more government funds be channeled into…。

Ⅱ. Translation (15%)

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

52. 这位妈妈鼓励孩子分担家务，她这么做是很明智的。(It...)

53. 20世纪60年代那场饥荒使他不得不离开家乡到别的城市另谋出路。（force）

54. 如您购买的产品有任何质量问题,请与公司售后部门联系。(contact)

55. 在中国机长( the Captain)这部影片中,机长和机组人员的临危不惧，沉着冷静，最终把机上所有乘客安全送到机场。(face)

【答案】52. It is sensible /wise of the mother to encourage her kid(s) to share the housework.

53. Famine in the 1960s forced him to leave his hometown in search of better chances /to seek (for)better chances in other cities.

54. If the product you purchase is faulty, please contact/ make contact with the

after-sales department of/ in our company. (也可以表达为if there is something wrong with the product you purchase,…)

55. In the film the Captain, the captain (pilot) and the crew stayed calm (fearless/ brave可以不写) in face of danger/ when faced with danger/when facing danger and finally brought/took all the passengers (on board/aboard the plane) to the airport safe and sound.

【解析】

【52题详解】

考查it作形式主语。分析句意可知，句子应该用一般现在时；此句用“it作形式主语”句型表达；“明智的（sensible / wise）”是表示人物性格/品德的形容词，应用句型“It is + adj. +of sb. to do…”；短语“鼓励某人做…” encourage sb. to do …。再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为It is sensible/wise of the mother to encourage her kid(s) to share the housework。

【53题详解】

考查时态和固定短语。根据时间状语“20世纪60年代”，句子应该用一般过去时；短语“20世纪60年代”in the 1960s; “强迫/迫使某人做…”force sb. to do …；“另谋出路”in search of better chances 或用动词seek（追求）表达为to seek (for)better chances；再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为Famine in the 1960s forced him to leave his hometown in search of better chances /to seek (for)better chances in other cities。

【54题详解】

考查动词和条件状语从句。在if引导的条件状语从句中，主句如果是祈使句，从句用一般现在时；contact 作动词时，“与某人联系”contact sb.；contact 作名词时，“与某人联系”make contact with sb.；表达“…有问题”，也可用句型 There is something wrong with…；再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为If the product you purchase is faulty, please contact/ make contact with the after-sales department of/ in our company (也可以表达为If there is something wrong with the product you purchase,… )。

【55题详解】

考查动词和固定短语。分析句意可知，整个句子应该用一般过去时；短语“沉着冷静” stay calm；短语“（当他们）面临危险时” 有三种表达形式①用短语in face of 表达为in face of danger ;② 用短语 (sb.)be faced with 表达为 when (they were)faced with danger; ③ 用动词face表达为 when (they were) facing danger；短语“安全地”safe and sound，也可用safely。再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为In the film the Captain, the captain (pilot) and the crew stayed calm (and fearless/ brave可以不写) in face of danger/ when faced with danger/when facing danger and finally brought/took all the passengers (on board/aboard the plane) to the airport safe and sound。

【点睛】face的用法

face作名词，意为“脸”；作动词，意为“面对”。face既可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时,后面可接人或表示困难、形势、问题等的抽象名词作宾语; 用作不及物动词时,多用来指房屋的朝向。

表达“（某人）面对/面临”的短语:

in (the)face of…

be faced with

face sth.

例句：The cold air felt wonderful on his face. 凉凉的空气吹在他脸上感觉很舒爽。

They kept optimistic in the face of frustration. 面对挫折，他们还是保持乐观。

The window faces the street.那扇窗子面临街道。

They are faced with the same problem. 他们面临同样的问题。

He faced the difficulty with courage.他勇敢地面对困难。

Faced with so much trouble ,we failed to complete the task on time 面临这么多困难，我们没能按时完成任务。

Facing a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask for help. 面对艰难的处境，Arnold决定求助。

如本题第4小题，“（当他们）面临危险时”可表达为(when they were)in face of danger 或when (they were )faced with danger 或when they faced danger/ when facing danger。

Ⅲ. Guided Writing(25%)

56.Directions: Write an English composition in no less than 150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

一年一度的双十一购物节（Double 11 Shopping Festival）快到了，你的好朋友告诉你，这几天他（她）每天淘宝，购物车快满了，并说买的越多越划算。你对朋友的行为和说法怎么看，并说说你对于双十一购物的观点以及你购物打算。

你的作文必须包括：1. 对于朋友的行为和说法的评价。

2. 你自己的观点。

3. 你的购物打算。

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【答案】With Double 11 Shopping Festival approaching, you have been occupied with shopping online. You have already filled your shopping cart. 　

Shopping online has many advantages. It is very convenient to shop online, which can save us lots of our precious time as well as money. There are many platforms for sales promotion where the sellers will give special offers. The more you purchase, the more discounts you will get.

However，every coin has two sides. There also exist disadvantages. For one thing, with so many packages to be sent after that, we have to wait a long time to receive our goods. For another, the quality of the goods online can’t be guaranteed. It is not uncommon that some people cancel the orders or return their goods because of bad quality of the goods. In this case, it is a waste of money and energy instead of saving money. What’s more, sometimes we usually buy what we don’t need at all .

It is advocated that we should consume sensibly. This year I only intend to purchase some necessities. I advise you to remove the items which you don’t need at present.

【解析】

【分析】

本篇书面表达属于议论文, 告诉朋友你关于“双十一购物节”购物的看法。

【详解】第一步：

审题: 议论文

人称：第二、三人称

时态： 一般现在时

结构： 总分法，分三部分，第一部分朋友为“双十一购物节”做的准备，第二部分说明你的看法，第三部分说明你的购物打算。

要点：

1. 朋友为“双十一购物节”的准备：每天逛淘宝，购物车快满了

2．你的看法

网络购物的有利之处：

①网络购物节约时间和钱

②很多平台提供特价商品和折扣

网络购物的不利之处：

①要很久才能收到包裹

②商品质量不能保证

3．你的购物打算：

你提倡理智消费，只打算买一些必需品

第二步：列提纲（重点词汇、短语 ）

approach；be occupied with；shopping cart；advantages；convenient；save precious time；platform；give special offers；quality；guarantee；cancel the orders；return their goods ；a waste of；advocate；consume sensibly

第三步：连词成句

（1）Double 11 Shopping Festival is approaching.

（2）You have been occupied with shopping online.

（3）It is very convenient to shop online

（4）Shopping online can save us lots of our precious time as well as money.

（5）The more you purchase, the more discounts you will get.

（6）We have to wait a long time to receive our goods.

（7）The quality of the goods online can’t be guaranteed.

（8）Some people cancel the orders or return their goods because of bad quality of the goods.

（9）We should consume sensibly.

根据提示和关键词进行遣词造句,适当地运用句型，注意时态和主谓一致问题。

第四步：连句成篇(用复杂句式、亮点词汇表达)

用“with 的复合结构”连接（1）（2）句

（1） Double 11 Shopping Festival is approaching.

（2）You have been occupied with shopping online.

→ With Double 11 Shopping Festival approaching, you have been occupied with shopping online.

用定语从句连接（3）（4）句

（3）It is very convenient to shop online

（4）Shopping online can save us lots of our precious time as well as money.

→It is very convenient to shop online，which can save us lots of our precious time as well as money.

用for one thing…. for another …连接(6)(7)句

（6）We have to wait a long time to receive our goods.

（7）The quality of the goods online can’t be guaranteed.

→For one thing, we have to wait a long time to receive our goods; for another, the quality of the goods online can’t be guaranteed.

【点睛】范文要点全面，结构清晰，层次分明，上下文连贯，在表达时用到了很多高级词汇，如 approach即将来临；be occupied with忙于；shopping cart购物车；advantages有利之处；convenient方便的；save precious time节约宝贵的时间；platform平台；give special offers提供特价商品；quality质量；guarantee保证；cancel the orders取消订单；a waste of浪费；advocate提倡；consume sensibly理智消费等；复杂句式的运用提升了文章层次，如定语从句which can save us lots of our precious time as well as money和where the sellers will give special offers；“the+比较级，the+比较级” 句式The more you purchase, the more discounts you will get；衔接词for one thing …for another 表达For one thing, …we have to wait a long time to receive our goods. For another, the quality of the goods online can’t be guaranteed；it作形式主语的句式It is not uncommon that some people cancel the orders or return their goods because of bad quality of the goods。

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