Under reviewExperimental Brain ResearchA new way to quantify thefidelity of imitation:Preliminary results with gesture sequencesBrian J.Gold†,Marc PomplunNichola J.Rice†and Robert Sekuler††Volen Center for Complex Systems,Brandeis UniversityDepartment of Computer Science,University of Massachusetts at BostonAbstractImitation is a common and effective way for humans to learn new behav-iors.Until now,the study of imitation has been hampered by the challengeof measuring how well an attempted imitation corresponds to its stimulusmodel.We describe a new method for quantifying thefidelity with whichobservers imitate complex series of gestures.Wearing a data glove thattransduced movements of their digits,subjects viewed and then reproduceda sequence of gestures from memory.The velocity profile of each digit’sflexion or extension was used to segment movements made during an im-itation into gestures that can be compared against corresponding gesturesin the stimulus model.The outcome is a multivariate description of eachimitation,including its temporal characteristics,as well as spatial errors(inindividual gestures and in the ordering of those gestures).As a demonstra-tion,we applied this method to data from an imitation learning experimentwith gesture sequences.With repetition,overallfidelity of imitation im-proved,with various aspects of the imitation improving at different rates.Confirming the approach’s usefulness,when we varied the cognitive loadassociated with imitation,that variation was robustly reflected in our mea-sures of imitation quality.The methods we describe should be useful notonly in assessing imitation and imitation learning,but also in various set-tings in which the detection and characterization of subtle abnormalities inmovement production is paramount.By observing and then attempting to imitate the actions of others,humans acquire many cognitive competencies,including language and various skilled behaviors.After aSupported by NSF grant SBE-0354378.A preliminary version of this work was presented in2007at the Eleventh International Conference on Cognitive and Neural Systems,Boston MA. email:sekuler@brandeis.edu
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