Period 2 Grammar
Teaching goals 教学目标
1. Enable Ss to master the usage of the words and expressions above and use the -ing form as subject and object correctly and freely.
2. Help Ss learn how to use these words and expressions freely to express their ideas and use the -ing form as subject and object as they like. They can also practise actively and attentively so that they reach their goals.
Teaching important points 教学重点
The usage of the important words and the -ing form used as subject and object.
Teaching difficult points 教学难点
How to use the words and expressions and the -ing form freely.
Teaching procedures & ways 教学过程与方式
StepⅠ动名词做主语的用法
1. 动词-ing形式作主语表示抽象的或泛指的动作, 谓语动词用单数。如：
Reading aloud is very important for us to learn a foreign language.
Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit.
2. 动词-ing形式作主语时常后置, 用it作形式主语，用形容词或名词作表语。常见的作表语的名词或短语有：no use, no good, fun, hard work, a hard / difficult job, a wonder, a waste of time等。如：
Is it worthwhile quarrelling with her? It’s no good waiting here. Let’s go home. It was a waste of time reading that book.
3. “There is + no”后可以用动词-ing形式作主语，表示“没法……”。如：
There was no telling when this might happen again.
没法预料这样的事什么时候会再发生。
There was no knowing what he could do. 他能做什么很难说。
StepⅡ动词-ing形式作宾语
1. 有些动词如admit, avoid, consider, escape, deny, risk, suggest等后能接动词-ing形式作宾语，而不能接动词不定式。如：
We’re considering paying a visit to the Science Museum.
2. 有些短语如can’t help, be used to, end up, feel like, lead to, be busy, be tired of, be fond of, be afraid of, be proud of, think of / about, put off, keep on, insist on, be good at, give up等后常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。如：
I have been used to living here.
I’m fond of collecting stamps and coins.
3. need, require, want作“需要”解时, 后接动词-ing形式作宾语, 主动形式表示被动意义, 相当于to be done。如：
The radio needs / requires / wants repairing / to be repaired.
[注意]
1. 动词-ing形式的复合结构是指在动词-ing形式前面加上逻辑主语来强调动作的执行者，该逻辑主语常为形容词性物主代词或名词所有格；当逻辑主语不出现在句首时，可用人称代词的宾格代替形容词性物主代词或用名词普通格代替名词的所有格。如：
I’m annoyed about John’s forgetting to pay.
I really can’t understand you treating her like that.
2. 动词-ing形式的否定形式是在其前面加not，带有逻辑主语时not应在动词-ing形式之前。如：
Not cleaning his teeth made him smell bad.
Your schoolmate’s not coming home in time made her parents worried.
以下的动词后面加动词的不定式作宾语：
decide, hope, expect, seem, agree, afford, arrange, choose, offer, plan, promise, determine, demand, manage, fail, prepare, refuse, pretend
以下的动词后面既可接动词的不定式又可以接动词的ing作宾语：
hate, love, prefer, remember, forget, regret, like, try, stop, begin, start
Step Ⅲ Exercises
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