水的粘度

发布时间：2013-02-27 11:47:09 来源：文档文库

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水的粘度(0～40℃)

温度T		粘度μ 厘泊	Pa·s或N·s·m-2	温度 T		粘度μ 厘泊	Pa·s或N·s·m-2
℃	K	粘度μ 厘泊	Pa·s或N·s·m-2	℃	K	粘度μ 厘泊	Pa·s或N·s·m-2
0	273.16	1.7921	1.7921×10-3	20.2	293.36	1.0000	1.0000×10-3
1	274.16	1.7313	1.7313×10-3	21	294.16	0.9810	0.9810×10-3
2	275.16	1.6728	1.6728×10-3	22	295.16	0.9579	0.9579×10-3
3	276.16	1.6191	1.6191×10-3	23	296.16	0.9358	0.9358×10-3
4	277.16	1.5674	1.5674×10-3	24	297.16	0.9142	0.9142×10-3
5	278.16	1.5188	1.5188×10-3	25	298.16	0.8937	0.8937×10-3
6	279.16	1.4728	1.4728×10-3	26	299.16	0.8737	0.8737×10-3
7	280.16	1.4284	1.4284×10-3	27	300.16	0.8545	0.8545×10-3
8	281.16	1.3860	1.3860×10-3	28	301.16	0.8360	0.8360×10-3
9	282.16	1.3462	1.3462×10-3	29	302.16	0.8180	0.8180×10-3
10	283.16	1.3077	1.3077×10-3	30	303.16	0.8007	0.8007×10-3
11	284.16	1.2713	1.2713×10-3	31	304.16	0.7840	0.7840×10-3
12	285.16	1.2363	1.2363×10-3	32	305.16	0.7679	0.7679×10-3
13	286.16	1.2028	1.2028×10-3	33	306.16	0.7523	0.7523×10-3
14	287.16	1.1709	1.1709×10-3	34	307.16	0.7371	0.7371×10-3
15	288.16	1.1404	1.1404×10-3	35	308.16	0.7225	0.7225×10-3
16	289.16	1.1111	1.1111×10-3	36	309.16	0.7085	0.7085×10-3
17	290.16	1.0828	1.0828×10-3	37	310.16	0.6947	0.6947×10-3
18	291.16	1.0559	1.0559×10-3	38	311.16	0.6814	0.6814×10-3
19	292.16	1.0299	1.0299×10-3	39	312.16	0.6685	0.6685×10-3
20	293.16	1.0050	1.0050×10-3	40	313.16	0.6560	0.6560×10-3

水的物理性质

温度t/℃	饱和蒸气压 p/kPa	密度ρ/kg·m-3	焓 H/kJ·kg-1	比定压热容cp/kJ·kg-1·K-1	导热系数λ/10-2W·m-1·K-1	粘度μ/10-5Pa·s	体积膨胀系数α/10-4K-1	表面张力σ/10-3N·m-1	普兰德数Pr
0	0.6082	999.9	0	4.212	55.13	179.21	0.63	75.6	13.66
10	1.2262	999.7	42.04	4.197	57.45	130.77	0.70	74.1	9.52
20	2.3346	998.2	83.90	4.183	59.89	100.50	1.82	72.6	7.01
30	4.2474	995.7	125.69	4.174	61.76	80.07	3.21	71.2	5.42
40	7.3766	992.2	165.71	4.174	63.38	65.60	3.87	69.6	4.32
50	12.31	988.1	209.30	4.174	64.78	54.94	4.49	67.7	3.54
60	19.932	983.2	251.12	4.178	65.94	46.88	5.11	66.2	2.98
70	31.164	977.8	292.99	4.178	66.76	40.61	5.70	64.3	2.54
80	47.379	971.8	334.94	4.195	67.45	35.65	6.32	62.6	2.22
90	70.136	965.3	376.98	4.208	67.98	31.65	6.95	60.7	1.96
100	101.33	958.4	419.10	4.220	68.04	28.38	7.52	58.8	1.76
110	143.31	951.0	461.34	4.238	68.27	25.89	8.08	56.9	1.61
120	198.64	943.1	503.67	4.250	68.50	23.73	8.64	54.8	1.47
130	270.25	934.8	546.38	4.266	68.50	21.77	9.17	52.8	1.36
140	361.47	926.1	589.08	4.287	68.27	20.10	9.72	50.7	1.26
150	476.24	917.0	632.20	4.312	68.38	18.63	10.3	48.6	1.18
160	618.28	907.4	675.33	4.346	68.27	17.36	10.7	46.6	1.11
170	792.59	897.3	719.29	4.379	67.92	16.28	11.3	45.3	1.05
180	1003.5	886.9	763.25	4.417	67.45	15.30	11.9	42.3	1.00
190	1255.6	876.0	807.63	4.460	66.99	14.42	12.6	40.8	0.96
200	1554.77	863.0	852.43	4.505	66.29	13.63	13.3	38.4	0.93
210	1917.72	852.8	897.65	4.555	65.48	13.04	14.1	36.1	0.91
220	2320.88	840.3	943.70	4.614	64.55	12.46	14.8	33.8	0.89
230	2798.59	827.3	990.18	4.681	63.73	11.97	15.9	31.6	0.88
240	3347.91	813.6	1037.49	4.756	62.80	11.47	16.8	29.1	0.87
250	3977.67	799.0	1085.64	4.844	61.76	10.98	18.1	26.7	0.86
260	4693.75	784.0	1135.04	4.949	60.84	10.59	19.7	24.2	0.87
270	5503.99	767.9	1185.28	5.070	59.96	10.20	21.6	21.9	0.88
280	6417.24	750.7	1236.28	5.229	57.45	9.81	23.7	19.5	0.89
290	7443.29	732.3	1289.95	5.485	55.82	9.42	26.2	17.2	0.93
300	8592.94	712.5	1344.80	5.736	53.96	9.12	29.2	14.7	0.97
310	9877.96	691.1	1402.16	6.071	52.34	8.83	32.9	12.3	1.02
320	11300.3	667.1	1462.03	6.573	50.59	8.53	38.2	10.0	1.11
330	12879.6	640.2	1526.19	7.243	48.73	8.14	43.3	7.82	1.22
340	14615.9	610.1	1594.75	8.164	45.71	7.75	53.4	5.78	1.38
350	16538.5	574.4	1671.37	9.504	43.03	7.26	66.8	3.89	1.60
360	18667.1	528.0	1761.39	13.984	39.54	6.67	109	2.06	2.36
370	21040.9	450.5	1892.43	40.319	33.73	5.69	264	0.48	6.80

F3 Viscosity decreases with pressure (at temperatures below 33°C)

Viscous flow occurs by molecules moving through the voids that exist between them. As the pressure increases, the volume decreases and the volume of these voids reduces, so normally increasing pressure increases the viscosity.

Water's pressure-viscosity behavior [534] can be explained by the increased pressure (up to about 150 MPa) causing deformation, so reducing the strength of the hydrogen-bonded network, which is also partially responsible for the viscosity. This reduction in cohesivity more than compensates for the reduced void volume. It is thus a direct consequence of the balance between hydrogen bonding effects and the van der Waals dispersion forces [558] in water; hydrogen bonding prevailing at lower temperatures and pressures. At higher pressures (and densities), the balance between hydrogen bonding effects and the van der Waals dispersion forces is tipped in favor of the dispersion forces and the remaining hydrogen bonds are stronger due to the closer proximity of the contributing oxygen atoms [655]. Viscosity, then, increases with pressure. The dashed line (opposite) indicates the viscosity minima.

The variation of viscosity with pressure and temperature has been used as evidence that the viscosity is determined more by the extent of hydrogen bonding rather than hydrogen bonding strength.

Self-diffusion is also affected by pressure where (at low temperatures) both the translational and rotational motion of water anomalously increase as the pressure increases.

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