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THE HONG KONGPOLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF BUILDING SERVICES ENGINEERINGDesign Project - Phase 2Prepared by Wong Wai Man (94052008


Tables of contents
1. Legislation, statutory regulation in Hong Kong & relevant standard for electrical services _________________________________________________________________ 1 2. Electrical load estimation ________________________________________________ 2 2.1 For flats _________________________________________________________________ 2 2.2 For shops and kindergarten ________________________________________________ 3 2.3 For landlord Supply _______________________________________________________ 3 2.4 For essential Supply _______________________________________________________ 3 3. Generator loading ______________________________________________________ 4 4. Lightning hazards ______________________________________________________ 4 5. Earthing system ________________________________________________________ 5 6. Cable sizing ___________________________________________________________ 5 7. Vertical transportation __________________________________________________ 7 7.1 Lift Performance _________________________________________________________ 7 7.2 Escalator performance ____________________________________________________ 8 8. Lighting system ________________________________________________________ 9 8.1 Shopping arcade corridor for G/F-2/F________________________________________ 9 8.2 Canopy _________________________________________________________________ 9 8.3 Open atrium/corridor for L1-L5 ___________________________________________ 10 8.4 Shops __________________________________________________________________ 10 Appendix
THE HONG KONGPOLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF BUILDING SERVICES ENGINEERINGDesign Project - Phase 2Prepared by Wong Wai Man (94052008
1. Legislation, statutory regulation in Hong Kong & relevant standard for electrical services
All of building services system is designed in accordance to legislation, statutory regulation in Hong Kong , relevant standards and guidance listed in the followings.
Services Electrical
BS 7671 – Requirements for Electrical Installation. Guide Books of Chartered Institute of Building Services Engineers. General Specification for Electrical Installation in Government Buildings, Hong Kong and General Requirement for Electrical Contract/Sub-contract/Quotation let by Building Development Department, Hong Kong, 1984 edition. (E.G.S Code of Practice for the Electricity (Wiring Regulations issued by EMSD 1997 edition. Supply Rules of Hong Kong Electric Co., Ltd. Code of Practice for Energy Efficiency of Electrical Installations (Draft Chartered Institute of Building Services Engineers (CIBSE Technical Memoranda TM12 Chartered Institute of Building Services Engineers (CIBSE Technical Memorandum No.5 Chartered Institute of Building Services Engineers (CIBSE Code for Interior Lighting BS5266, Part 1, Code of Practice for Emergency Lighting. Code of Practice for Energy Efficiency of Lighting Installations (Draft Code of Practice for minimum Fire Service Installations and Equipment and relevant circular letters issued by the Fire Service Department (COP/Fire Regulation of Environmental Protection Department. BS6651, Code of Practice for Protection of Structures against lightning. Code of Practice on the Design and Construction of Lifts and Escalators, EMSD 1993. (COP/Lift General Specification for Lift and Escalator Installation, in Government Buildings, Hong Kong, 1984 edition. Building Regulation, CAP 123 General Technical Specification for Monochrome closed circuit television systems, Specification No .ESG 14 Issue No. 2 – Electronics Division, EMSD. General requirements for electronics contracts, Specification No. ESG01, Issue No. 6 – Electronics Division, EMSD BS 4737 Intruder alarm systems. General Technical Specification for Communal aerial broadcast distribution systems and aerial distribution systems, Specification No. ESG 17 Issue No. 3-Electronics Division, EMSD General requirements for electronics contracts, Specification No. ESG01, Issue No. 6 – Electronics Division, EMSD. General specification for Air Conditioning, Refrigeration, Ventilation and Central Monitoring and Control System Installation in Government Building, Hong Kong, 1988 Edition (A/C,\. G.S.
Lighting Emergency Generator Lightning Protection Lift and escalator

Closed circuit television
System (CCTV
Security System Communal aerial broadcsat distribution system (CABD

Building Management
System (BMS
Appendix - P.1
THE HONG KONGPOLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF BUILDING SERVICES ENGINEERINGDesign Project - Phase 2Prepared by Wong Wai Man (94052008
2. Electrical load estimation
2.1 For flats According to ‘Code of practice for electricity (wiring regulation, the electrical load demand for each flat is calculated as the following table:
Purpose of switchgear Rating of Estimated DiversifieDiversified switchgear design current d factor current demand Air-conditioning for 20A 12A 100% 12A living room (for summer Air-conditioning for 20A 8A 40% 3.2A bedroom (for summer Air-conditioning for 20A 8A 40% 3.2A bedroom (for summer Heater for living room 15A 13A 100% 13A (for winter Lighting for living room 10A 8A 66% 5.28A & terrace Lighting for bedrooms, 10A 4A 66% 2.64A bathroom Lighting for kitchen & 10A 4A 66% 2.64A entrance Lighting for staircase & 10A 3A 66% 1.98A lav Exhaust fan for kitchen 10A 4A 100% 4A Washing machine 15A 7A 100% 7A Socket outlet for living 30A - 100% 30A room Socket outlet for 30A - 30% 9A bedrooms Socket outlet for kitchen, 30A - 30% 9A entrance & staircase Overall 89.14A (for summer
81.24A (for winter The main switch for each flat shall be 100A single phase or 30A three phase. However, according to HEC’s supply rule, 30A three phase is recommanded as the main switch rather than 100A single phase because meter for 100A single phase is not available. The electrical load for all flat = 89.14A/3 per flat x 220V x 64 flats = 418.4kVA
Appendix - P.2
THE HONG KONGPOLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF BUILDING SERVICES ENGINEERINGDesign Project - Phase 2Prepared by Wong Wai Man (94052008
2.2 For shops and kindergarten In reference to ‘COMMERCIAL CODE OF PRACTICE 215 LOAD ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE (REVISION 2’ issued by China Light & Power Company Ltd., the electrical load is estimated as below: Usage Location U.F.A.*1 ADMD*2
Estimated Load 22(m (kVA/m
(kVA Shops*3 G/F 254 0.23 58.42 Shops*3 1/F 270 0.23 62.1 3Shops* 2/F 320 0.23 73.6 Kindergarten 3/F 212 0.05*4 10.6 Total 1056 204.72 *1 means Usable Floor Area (U.F.A *2 means After Diversified Maximum Demand (ADMD based on COP 215 by CLP *3 Shops is assumed as light metal retail stores. *4 ADMD is included central A/C. 2.3 For landlord Supply Usage AC System Escalators P&D System General Lighting & Power Qty 43.6TR 6 Nos 1 Lot 1000m2 including Mech/F 180m2
Estimated Load
1.85 kVA/TR @30kVA
20W/m2*5
Estimated Load (kVA 80 180 60 23.5 External Lighting, 40W/m2*5 7.2 Atrium Lighting & Facade Lighting Total
350.7 *5 Data is based on Maximum Allowable Lighting Power Density extracted from Code of Practice for Energy Efficiency of Lighting Installation.
2.4 For essential Supply Usage Firemen’s Lift FH/HR System Sprinkler System Sump pump Essential Lighting & Power Qty 2 Nos 1 Lot 1 Lot 1 Lot 1 Lot Estimated Load
@40kVA

Estimated Load (kVA 80 40 20 15 10 Appendix - P.3
THE HONG KONGPOLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF BUILDING SERVICES ENGINEERINGDesign Project - Phase 2Prepared by Wong Wai Man (94052008
Security & BMS System Total 1 Lot


10 175
Overall electrical load = (418.4 + 204.72 + 350.7 + 175kVA
= 1138.82kVA However, two factors shall be considered as below: Electrical load 1138.82kVA Mixed development diversity factor (MDDF 1.14 Future extension 15% Total electrical load 1493.0kVA

Total usable floor area = 7600m2 Total demand density = 0.196kVA/m2

So, 1 No of 1500kVA HEC’s transformer is required for the proposed residential building.
3. Generator loading
An emergency generator set is required to handle the following essential loads in case of power failure & fire conditions. If the equipment is started simultaneously, the starting current will be larger. So, in the building, the equipment of essential load is started in sequence and control by BMS to reduce the starting current so as to select a smaller generator.
The essential load estimated in (1 = 175kVA Taking a safety factor of 10% for overload and a factor of 30% for future expansion, The total essential load = 175kVA x 1.1 x 1.3 = 250kVA
So, a 300kVA generator set is selected. The generator should be operated normally within 15 seconds in case and the capacity of fuel tank should be capable to operate the generator for 6 hours. Based on some manufacturer’s catalogue, the capacity of fuel tank is about 400L.
4. Lightning hazards
Based on BS 6651:1992, Part 2, the overall lightning is calculated as the following to determine whether or not lightning protection is needed.
Probability of being struck, P = Ac x Ng x Ka x Kb x Kc x Kd x Ke x 10-6
,where Collection area, Ac = Area of roof + Area of perimeter of building + Area of four Appendix - P.4
THE HONG KONGPOLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF BUILDING SERVICES ENGINEERINGDesign Project - Phase 2Prepared by Wong Wai Man (94052008
 rounded corners formed by quarter circles of building = LW + 2LH + 2WH + H2 = 46x12 + 2x46x73 + 2x16x73 + x732
= 26.3 x 103 m2 No. of flash per km2 per year, Ng = 1.1 Factor for use of structure, K = 1.2 Factor for type of construction, Kb
= 0.4 Factor for contents (or consequential effects, Kc = 0.3 Factor for degree of isolation, Kd = 0.4 Factor for type of terrain, Ke = 0.3
So, P = 26.3 x 103 x 1.1 x 1.2 x 0.4 x 0.3 x 0.4 x 0.3 x 10-6 = 5.0 x 10-3
The probability of risk (5.0x10-3 is greater than the critical risk (10-5 so that lightning protection is necessary. And, the actual design of the installation is illustrated by drawing no. EE-EP-RF
height 5. Earthing system In accordance with BS 7671, the earthing loop impedance shall not be greater than 0.5Due to the site constraint, the plate electrode and tape electrode cannot be used as the earthing conductor. The most suitable and economic way is to use the rod electrode. The following calculation is to determine the no. of rod electrode and the size. 8LResistance of rod electrodeL = length of rod, ln1, where 2Ld d = diameter of rod, = soil resistivity Code 12C of COP electricity (wiring regulation stated that the diameter of rod electrode should not be less than 12.5mm. The standard size of rod electrode in the market is 12.5mm & 15mm. After site visit, the soil in the Wan Chai is marshland. The soil resistivity is around 4 -m. Consider a rod electrode of 4.5m length and 15mm diameter, 48*4.5the resistance = ln1= 0.95962*4.50.015so that 2 rod electrodes in parallel is required to maintain 0.5 earth loop impedance. And, the spacing between the earth pits shall be more than 9m (2x4.5m to avoid the return loop. 6. Cable sizing In this design report, the cable sizing procedure is referring to Code of Practice for Energy Efficiency of Electrical Installation (Draft.
To determine the design current Ib, nominal rating of protective device In To calculate the min. tabulated value of current It(min as the below formula: Appendix - P.5
THE HONG KONGPOLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF BUILDING SERVICES ENGINEERINGDesign Project - Phase 2Prepared by Wong Wai Man (94052008
111xx, CaCgCiCa = Correction factor for ambient temperature (Assume the ambient temp = 35 0C Cg = Corection factor for grouping Ci = Correction factor for thermal insulation Note that all correction factor is referring to Appendix 4 of IEE Wiring Regulation (16th
Edition To select a suitable size It of conductor which satisfy It
To find effective current-carrying capacity Iz (Iz = It x Ca x Cg x Ci and ensure that IzInIb
To calculate the voltage drop along the conductor and determine whether or not cable size selected is acceptable. For sub-main circuit, the max. voltage drop is 1.5% and for final circuit, the max. voltage drop is 2.5%. V.D. = r x p.f. x k x Ib x L , where r = Voltage drop per ampere per metre at the conductor operating temperature p.f. = Power factor (assume 0.85
k = correction factor of operating temperature 230tl , where tl = operating temperature k230tp tp = max. permitted conductor operating temp Ib2 tlta2(tp30, ta = expected ambient temp. (assume 35 0C It To calculate the percentage copper loss with respect to the total active active power transmitted. 3xIb2xrxL%loss

3x380xIbxp.f.

The following table (EE-Table 1 shows the cable size.
It(minInxAppendix - P.6
THE HONG KONGPOLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF BUILDING SERVICES ENGINEERINGDesign Project - Phase 2Prepared by Wong Wai Man (94052008
7. Vertical transportation 7.1 Lift Performance In accordance to the CIBSE Guide D, the lift performance is calculated as the following table: Number of floor 9 Capacity of lift car 9 passengers Number of passenger 7.2 passengers Floor height 6m Highest reversal floor 7.34 Probable number of stop 5.146 Total lift travel 54m Contract speed 2.5m/s Acceleration /deceleration 1m/s2 Upward running time 47.33 seconds Downward running time 26.6 seconds Door opening/closing time for centre door 2.5 seconds Door operating time 30.73 seconds Passenger transfer time 10.8 seconds Round trip time (RTT 115.46 seconds No. of lift cars 2 Waiting interval 57.73 Handling capacity in 5 minutes 74.83 Total occupants 6 persons/flat x 64flats = 384 Peak arrival rate 19.49%
The lift performance is also simulated by computer software HEVACOMP (Results please refer to From the CIBSE Guide D, the recommended arrival rate and waiting interval are 5-7% and 40-90s for flats. For the proposed building, the performance is satisfactory. Appendix - P.7
THE HONG KONGPOLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF BUILDING SERVICES ENGINEERINGDesign Project - Phase 2Prepared by Wong Wai Man (94052008

7.2 Escalator performance
According to CIBSE Guide D, the escalator handling capacity, Cp = 60 v k s , where v = horizontal speed (m/s k = average occupant density (people/step s = number of step (steps/m Due to architectural constraint, the physical data of escalator: inclination of escalator = 300 height of escalalator = 4m length of escalator = 6.9m
no. of step = 6900mm/400m = 17.25 width of step = 800mm k = 1.5 h = height of step = 4000/17.25 = 231mm s = 1000mm/231mm = 4.33 the speed = 0.5m/s (max. for 300 the handling capacity = 60 x 0.5 x 1.5 x 4.33
= 194.85 person/min From the CIBSE Guide D, the handling capacity for kindergarten is 92 person/min. For the proposed building, the performance is satisfactory. Appendix - P.8
THE HONG KONGPOLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF BUILDING SERVICES ENGINEERINGDesign Project - Phase 2Prepared by Wong Wai Man (94052008

8. Lighting system 8.1 Shopping arcade corridor for G/F-2/F Physical data of corridor, width = 2m, height = 4m Data of luminaire: Manufacture = BEGA Model no. = 6743 Type = Wall mounted discharge lamp with asymmetrical reflector Lamp = 250W metal halide lamp (MBI-E
Lumen output = 17000lm Mounting height of luminaire = 3.5m The angle of illuminating area = 300-00
The following calculation is based on technical data of BEGA 6743 the spacing between luminaires = 4m (obtained from cone diagram the average illuminance = 265 lx (obtained from cone diagram the luminous intensity (angle = 300 = 360 cd/klm x 17 lm = 6120 cd the horizontal illuminance at the opposite side of corridor = 6120cd/(22+3.52x0.8 = 302 lx the luminous intensity (angle = 00 = 300 cd/klm x 17 lm = 5100 cd the horizontal illuminance below the light fitting = 5100cd/(3.52x0.8
= 333 lx (Assume the light loss factor = 0.8 & neglect the reflectance of walls due to open corridor 8.2 Canopy Physical data of corridor, width = 3m, height = 4m Data of luminaire: Manufacture = BEGA Model no. = 6180 Type = Recessed ceiling downlight c/w aluminium refelctor Lamp = 80W metal halide lamp (MBF
Lumen output = 4000lm Mounting height of luminaire = 4m The angle of illuminating area = -200-200
The following calculation is based on technical data of BEGA 6743 the spacing between luminaires = 4m (obtained from cone diagram the average illuminance = 80 lx (obtained from cone diagram the luminous intensity (angle = 300 = 360 cd/klm x 4 lm = 1440 cd the horizontal illuminance at the side of canopy = 221440cd/(1.5+4x0.8 = 63 lx
0the luminous intensity (angle = 0 = 600 cd/klm x 4 lm = 2400 cd the horizontal illuminance below the lighting fitting = 2400cd/(42x0.8
= 120 lx (Assume the light loss factor = 0.8 & neglect the reflectance of walls due to open corridor Appendix - P.9
THE HONG KONGPOLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITYDEPARTMENT OF BUILDING SERVICES ENGINEERINGDesign Project - Phase 2Prepared by Wong Wai Man (94052008

8.3 Open atrium/corridor for L1-L5 Data of luminaire: Manufacture = THORN Model no. = DLC 250/400 Type = Narrow bam medium bay lighting Lamp = 250W/400W high pressure sodium lamp (SON-E Lumen output = 25500/45000 lm Power input = 260W/410W per luminaire
The illuminance level is simulated by OPTILUME INTERIOR V3.03 by THORN LIGHTING LTD. And the results is summarised as below tables
Floor L1 L2 L3 L4 L5

Mounting height above floor level 12m 12m 12m 6m 6m Displacement from corridor 3.5m 2.5m 2m 2m 1m Nos. of luminaire 5 5 5 5 5 Type of luminaire

Direct illuminance

Power 2450W 2450W 2450W 2450W 2450W 8.4 Shops Physical data of typical shop: 9m(L x 6m(W x 4m(H Data of luminaire: Manufacture = SIEMENS Model no. = CR370SA-cent04-S70T Type = Sealed-frame luminaire with dished triumph lens Lamp = 70W high pressure sodium lamp (SON-T
Lumen output = 5900lm Mounting height of luminaire = 3.3m NxnxxUFxLLFBy using lumen method, E
AAccording to CIBSE Lighting Guide LG1(The Industrial Environment, the standard illuminance is 500lx.
Assume UF = 0.5 & LLF = 0.7 500x9x6N13 nos. required
1x5900x0.5x0.7So, the decision is made to use N=15 luminaires. (3 columns of 5 pcs each. The spacing between each luminaires = 1800mm The power input = 15x87W = 1305W Lighting power density = 24W/m2
The results is also simulated by manufacturer software SILICHT V4.1. Appendix - P.10

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