There - be - 句型用法归纳

There be 句型用法归纳

1. 定义：There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。

2. 结构：(1) There is + 单数可数名词/不可数名词 + 地点状语.

  (2) There are + 复数名词 + 地点状语. 

    there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。（就近原则）

eg. ① There is a bird in the tree.   树上有一只鸟。

   ② There is a teacher and many students in our classroom.  我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。（就近原则）

  ③There are many students and a teacher in our classroom. 我们教室里有许多学生和一位老师。 （就近原则）

3. There be句型与have的区别：

  (1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含义。区别如下：There be表示“某处存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”，它表示所有、拥有关系。  

eg. ①He has two sons.   他有两个儿子。

  ②There are two men in the office.    办公室里有两个男人。

 

4. 句型转换

一：否定句 

    There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not即可。not a/an/any + n.(注意在改否定句的时候如肯定句中有some要改为any，一般疑问句变化也一样)例如： 

    There are some pictures on the wall. →There aren't any pictures on the wall.

    There is a bike behind the tree. → There isn't a bike behind the tree.

二：一般疑问句 

    There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。但同时要注意：当肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any（否定变化也一样）。看看下面两句是如何"改头换面"的吧： 

    There is some water in the bottle. → Is there any water in the bottle? 

    There are some cakes on the table. →Are there any cakes on the table? 

三：特殊疑问句 

    There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化： 

    ① 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用"Who's+介词短语?"；当主语是物时，用"What's + 介词短语?"。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式is(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如： 

    There are many books over there. →What's over there? 

    There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room? 

    ② 对地点状语提问：提问地点用”Where is / are+主语”。

例如： There is a computer on the desk. → Where is the computer? 

    There are four children in the classroom. →Where are the four children? 

    ③ 对数量提问： 

    How many + 复数名词 + are there + 介词短语 ？ 

How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？

例如：There are twelve months in a year. →How many months are there in a year?

There is some money in my purse. How much money is there in your purse?

5.There be 句型的各种时态：可以有现在时（there is/are）、过去时(there was/were)、将来时(there is/are going to be或there will be)和完成时(there have/has been)；还可用there must be ,there can’t be, there used to be等

6.反意疑问句的构成：be (not) there?

7.there be 句型中有时不用动词be ，而用come , live ,stand , lie, seem to be , happen to be ,等。

8.【技巧点拨】考查there be 句型的常见题型有单项填空、完型填空、句型转换和改错等。做这类题时，必须首先认真理解全句的意思，看是表示“存在”的“有”还是“拥有”来决定是否用there be还是用其他句型。

【考例剖析】

例 1：1. There _____ many new words in Lesson One. It is very easy. (2007南通)

A. is B. aren’t C. isn’t D. are

剖析：句子主语（many new words）是复数，先排除A、C。而后面说第一课容易，所以文中应该是几乎没有新的生词，故D也不正确。 答案：B

例 2：There is little _____ in the fridge. Let’s go and buy some.（2007河南）

A. apples B. eggs C. vegetables D. milk

剖析：备选答案A、B、C均为可数名词复数，而题中谓语是is，所以要么选可数名词单数，要么选不可数名词，所以排除A、B、C。答案：D

例 3： ---There ______ a concert this evening.（2007福州）

---Yeah. Exciting news!

A. are going to be B. is going to be C. is going to have D. will have剖析：该题考查的是动词have和句型there be的区别。C, D都是句型there be 和动词have的混合，都是错误的。而there be句型中的be的单复数取决于后面的名词，题中a concert属于单数，故排除A。答案：B

例 4：There ____ a knife and a fork on the table. (2007黄冈)

A. seems to be B. seem to be C. is seeming to be D. are

剖析：根据就近原则，首先排除B、D，而 there be 句型中有时不用动词be ，而用come , live ,stand , lie, seem to be等，所以答案应从A、C中选。感官动词一般不用进行时，故C也不正确。答案： A

例 5：根据中文填空：

我的CD机出毛病了，你能帮我修好吗？(2007济南)

There’s ______ ______ my CD player. Can you put it right for me?

剖析：这是一个句型：There is something wrong with …? 表示“某物出了什么毛病”，答案： something wrong with

There be 句型 【实地演练】

I. 将下列句子变成否定句和一般疑问句。

1.There is some water in the bottle.

_______________________________________________ .

_______________________________________________ ?

2.There are many apples in the box.

_______________________________________________.

_______________________________________________?

II. 对句子划线部分提问。

3.There are seven days in a week.

4.There are lots of books in our library.

5.There is a knife over there.

6.There is a little milk in the glass.

Ⅲ. 单项填空。

( )7. There ___ any rice in the bowl.

A. are B. is C. isn’t D. aren’t

( )8.There___ not ____ milk in the cup on the table .

A. are, many B. are , much C. is ,many D. is ,much

( )9.There ___ many apples on the tree last year.

A. have been B. were C. are D. is

( )10.How many ___ are there in the room ?

A. apple B. students C. milk D. paper

( )11.Do you know if ___ a meeting next Sunday ?

A. there was going to have B. there was going to be

C. is there going to be D. there will be

( )12.－ Is this the last exam we have to take ?

－ No, but there ____ another test in three months .

A. will be going to B. is C. will be D. has been

( )13.There ______ great changes in such kind of computers in the last few

years.

A. is B. are C. will be D. have been

( )14.There _____ a film tomorrow evening．

A．will have B．have C．is going to be D．has

( )15.There ________ a football match on TV this evening.

A. will have B. is going to be C. has D. is going to have

( )16.There ____ a school at the foot of the hill.

　 A．have B．stand C．are D．stands

( )17.There's going to ____ in tomorrow's newspapers.

A. have something new B. have new something

C. be something new D. be new something

( )18.There is some milk in the bottle, ____ ?

　 A．isn't there B．aren't there C．isn't it D．are there

( )19.How many boys ____ there in Class one?

　 A. be B. is C. are D. am

( )20.There ____ a lot of good news in today's newspaper.

　 A. is B. are C. was D. were

( )21.There ____ pencil-box, two books and some flowers on the desk.

　 A. is a B. are some C. has a D. have some

( )22.There ____ an apple and ten bananas in the basket. You can take any

of them.

　 A. are B. is C. has D. have

( )23. ____ any flowers on both sides of the street?

　 A．Is there B．Are there C．Has D．Have

( )24. There ____ great changes in our country since 1982.

　 A. have been B. were C. has been D. are

( )25. There is little water in the glass, ____ ?

　 A. isn't there B. isn't it C. is it D. is there

( )26. ----There is no air or water on the moon. Is there?

　　 ---- ____.

A. Yes, there are B. No, there isn't

C. Yes, there isn't D. No, there is

( )27.----What did you see in the basket then ?

　 ----There ____ a bottle of orange and some oranges.

　 A. is B. are C. was D. were

( )28. ____ is there on the table?

　 A. How many apples B. How much bread

　 C. How much breads D. How many food

( )29. There isn't ____ paper in the box. Will you go and get some for me?

　 A. any B. some C. a D. an

( )30. How many ____ are there in your classroom?

　 A. desks B. desk C. chair D. door

( )31. There ____ something wrong with our classroom.

　 A. are B. has C. is D. have

( )32. There is some ____ on the table.

　 A. apple B. orange C. cake D. sandwich

Ⅳ.汉译英。

34.房子前面有一辆小汽车。________________________________________________.

35.今晚不开会。 ________________________________________________.

36.我能为你做点什么吗？ ________________________________________________?

37.山脚下有一棵大树。 ________________________________________________.

38.你们班有多少学生？ ________________________________________________?

39.桌子上放着什么？ ________________________________________________?

40.你丢的那个钱包里有多少钱？ __________________________________________?

参考答案

1.There is not any water in the bottle.

Is there any water in the bottle?

2.There are not many apples in the box.

Are there many apples in the box?

II.

3.How many days are there in a week.?

4.How many books are there in your library?

5.What’s (there) over there.

6.How much milk is there in the glass?

Ⅲ.

7–11 CDBBD 12-16 CDCBD 17-21 CACAA

22-26 BBADB 27-31 ABAAC 32. C

Ⅳ.

34) There is a car in front of the house.

35) There is not going to be a meeting tonight.

36) Is there anything I can do for you ?

37) There stands a tall tree at the foot of the mountain .

38) How many students are there in your class?

39) What’s on the table ?

40) How much money is there in the purse you have lost ?

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