[新]2019-2020人教版七年级数学上册期末考试测试（带答案）

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一、选择题（每小题3分， 共30分）

1．绝对值最小的有理数的倒数是（ ）This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

A．1 B．5499493768447afb7e8fc8f1af32eb51.png1 C．0 D．不存在

2．下列各式中，运算正确的是（ ）

A．901ebc01c72840b4530d09d076a8ca37.png This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

B．2ea6494d3543f8cdd4dfb0029244e8fe.png

C．68e17dae4f91a0219463ea328d9c84f0.pngThis article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

D．dac55ace29b318887c3ab6c5cb9a1a90.png

3．地球绕太阳公转的速度是110000千米/时，用科学记数法表示为（ ）

A．11×104 B．1. 1×105This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

C．0. 11×106 D．110×103

4．若6a267007228f9f654a0d28dec6932c31.png是方程916a96e822517c0503e5db39e62c1823.png的解，则关于9dd4e461268c8034f5c8564e155c67a6.png的方程9d4055e7a7053d1bbb7815173530df8a.png的解是（ ）

A．0 B．1 C．5499493768447afb7e8fc8f1af32eb51.png1 D．2This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

5．某商品进价为100元，则下列说法错误的是（ ）

A．若利润率为15%，且5折销售，则标价为230元This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

B．若利润为50元，则标价为150元

C．若标价为200元，要利润率为20%，应打6折销售

D．若将进价提高10%后售出，则利润为10%This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

6．红星队在4场足球赛中战绩是：第一场3︰1胜，第二场2︰3负，第三场0︰0平，第四场2︰5负，则红星队在这次比赛中总的净胜球数是（ ）球

A．+1 B．5499493768447afb7e8fc8f1af32eb51.png1 C．+2 D．5499493768447afb7e8fc8f1af32eb51.png2This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

7．如图①是一正方形毛坯，将其沿一组对面的对角线切去一半，得到一个工件如图②，对于这个工件，从左面看和从上面看正确的一组是（ ）

word/media/image12.gif word/media/image13_1.pngThis article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

A．a、b B．b、d C．a、c D．a、d

8．若∠α= 79°25′，则∠α的补角是（ ）This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

A．100°35′ B．10°35′

C．100°75′ D．101°45′

9．某中学有500名毕业生参加中考，为了考察他们的数学情况，教导处抽取了100名考生进行统计分析，下面四个说法中正确的是（ ）

A．100名考生是总体的一个样本

B．500名考生是总体

C．100名是样本容量

D．每名考生的成绩是个体This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

10．下列命题中，正确的是（ ）

A．任何有理数的平方都是正数

B．数0cc175b9c0f1b6a831c399e269772661.png的倒数是07ea9eb1f4232484e23c7ec7420df172.png

C．有理数都可以在数轴上找到与之对应的点This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

D．几个有理数相乘，积的符号由负因数的个数决定

二、填空题（每小题3分，共18分）

11．数轴上，点A、B分别表示有理数0cc175b9c0f1b6a831c399e269772661.png、92eb5ffee6ae2fec3ad71c777531578f.png，原点O正好是AB的中点，则代数式b290ccc48b831ce4cb723d09b469add1.png的值等于___________.This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

12．有理数154900保留两个有效数字是________.

13．已知方程95d9a17db1237ff1e37b0dee0baf953d.png的解满足cecf0cb25a16b2919d1cea482bb8bec1.png，则0cc175b9c0f1b6a831c399e269772661.png=________.

14．48.26°=______°______′______″.This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

15．∠AOB = 90°，OC是不同于OA、OB的射线，已知OM平分∠BOC，ON平分∠AOC，则∠MON =________________.

16．观察下面三行数：This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

d5bdeb06cea45802ad5880238208caca.pngThis article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

取每行第10个数，这三个数的和是________.

三、解答题（共52分）This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

17．（5分）计算a25aa3aaa50c38721b1accefd67fb9cc.png

This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

18．（5分）解方程3036be10d3111474ca43a3aabdbe10c3.png

This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

19．（5分）下表给出了某班6名同学身高情况（单位：cm）

（1）完成表中空的部分；This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

（2）他们的最高与最矮相差多少？

（3）他们的平均身高是多少？This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

20．（5分）已知E、F两点把线段AB分成2︰3︰4三部分，D是线段AB的中点。（1）若FB = 12，求DF的长；（2）求AE︰ED的值。

21．（6分）某轮船上午8时在A处，测得灯塔S在北偏东30°的方向上，向东行驶至中午12时，轮船在B处测得灯塔S在北偏西60°方向上，已知轮船速度为20千米/时。（1）画图表示灯塔S的位置；（2）量出船在B处时，离灯塔S的距离，并计算实际距离。

This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

22．（6分）“水是生命之源”，某市规定用户每月用水不超过40吨时，按每吨1元收费，超过40吨水时，超过部分为每吨1. 5元。另每吨水加收0. 2元城市污水处理费。某用户水表故障，2月份只有60%记入用水量，这样在2月份交水费43. 2元。求该用户实际应交水费多少元？This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

23．（6分）晚饭后，小明准备外出散步，出发时看了一下钟，时间是6点多，时针与分针成90°角，散完步后回家，小明又看了一下钟，还不到7点，而时针与分针又恰好成90°角，问小明外出多少分钟。This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

24．（6分）阅读下表：

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（1）完成上表；This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

（2）若C、D是线段AB的三等份点，且图中所有线段的长度和为60 cm，求线段AB的长。

word/media/image26_1.pngThis article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

25．（8分）如图，OB、OC、OD是∠AOE内的三条射线。This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

（1）图中有多少个角？

（2）若OB、OC、OD为∠AOE的四等份线，且图中所有锐角的和为400°，求∠AOE的大小 。

（3）若∠AOE = 89°，∠BOD = 30°，求图中所有锐角的和。This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

word/media/image27_1.png

参考答案

一、选择题

D、C、B、A、D、D、D、A、D、C.

二、填空题

11．5499493768447afb7e8fc8f1af32eb51.png2005 12．1. 5×105或15万This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

13．c6b3f880f9b74f8809f2e07a9b955141.png 14．48°15′36″This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

15．45°或135° 16．2562This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

三、解答题This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

17．5499493768447afb7e8fc8f1af32eb51.png102 18．x = 13This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

19．（1）身高：分别填168，163，170This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

差值：分别填0，+6This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

（2）65499493768447afb7e8fc8f1af32eb51.png（5499493768447afb7e8fc8f1af32eb51.png3）= 9；

（3）约167. 3 cm.This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

20．（1）1. 5 cm； （2）4︰5.

21．图略，SB实际距离约为70 km.

22．先求出水表读数为36吨，故实际用水量为60吨，实际应交水费82元。

23．方法一：

先设出发时时间为6点过x分钟，得This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

6x5499493768447afb7e8fc8f1af32eb51.png0. 5x = 1805499493768447afb7e8fc8f1af32eb51.png90，得db787aee8acfe0cd659fd0af18605be4.pngThis article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

再设返回时间为6点过y分，得

6y5499493768447afb7e8fc8f1af32eb51.png0. 5y = 180 + 90，得411d4a3207401f3fa8a14f096d8d1cdd.pngThis article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

得a8b18b6a2e153f3ce8440941356b3237.png（分）

方法二：设外出时间为x分钟，得This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

6x5499493768447afb7e8fc8f1af32eb51.png0. 5x = 90 + 90，得2f7586d73c262ca33aad60698ecc0563.pngThis article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

24．（1）10 = 4 + 3 + 2 + 1；

bd988db3d3c655ec94ffbfdc33dd9874.png

（2）AB = 18 cm.This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

25．（1）10个； （2）∠AOE = 80°；This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

（3）所有锐角的和为：This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

4∠AOE +2∠BOD = 416°.This article includes some parts, including text, pictures, and design.

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