龙源期刊网 http://www.qikan.com.cn 浅谈重农抑商政策及对三农的影响 作者:赵宇张旭 来源:《科教导刊》2012年第02期 摘要重农抑商是贯穿我国封建社会的重要政策,对封建社会产生了深远影响。本文主要分析了重农抑商政策、其实施原因以及对我国古代农村、农业与农民的影响。关键词重农抑商农业农村农民中图分类号:F32 文献标识码:A Talking about the Influence of Weighing Agriculture and Restraining Commerce Policy to Agriculture ZHAO Yu, ZHANG Xu (School of Politics and Law, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000 Abstract Weighing Agriculture and Restraining Commerce is an important policy throughout China's feudal society, feudal society had a profound impact. This paper analyzes the important agriculture suppression policy, the reasons for its implementation and its influence to the ancient rural areas, agriculture, and the farmers. Key words weighing agriculture; restraining commerce; agriculture; rural areas; farmer 1 重农抑商贯穿整个封建社会 重农抑商,顾名思义,就是重视农业,抑制商业。重农抑商可以追溯到战国时期,商鞅认为“以商之口数使商,令之厮舆徒重者必当名,则农逸而商劳。农逸则良田不荒,商劳则去来乡送之礼无通于百县,则农民不饥,行不饰。农民不饥,行不饰,则公作必疾,而私作不荒,则农事必胜。”①秦始皇认为“上农除末,黔首是富”。② 汉代,重农抑商依然得到推行,汉高祖“令贾人不得衣丝乘车,重租税以辱之。”③文帝说“农,天下之本也。④景帝也认为“黄金、珠玉,饥不可食,寒不可衣,以为币用,不识其终始。”⑤汉武帝为了打击商业更是让盐铁官营。南北朝时北魏孝文帝颁布均田令,按户口人数给予农民土地。这项土地政策一直延续到唐初。武则天的“建言十二事”更是把发展农桑放在首