课堂PPT内容:Chapter2:Translation Process

发布时间:2014-11-06 11:00:27   来源:文档文库   
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Chapter 2: Process of Translation

Process of Translation

(1) Understanding Source Language (Source Text)

英国著名语言学家弗斯(J.R. Firth[1890-1960])说过:Each word when used in a new context is a new word. (即是说:一个词的词义随其所在上下文而变化,或同一个词用在不同的地方会有不同的意思。)因为英语大部分单词都有一词多义现象(polysemy)。先看汉语中的一词多义现象:

---他说:她这个人挺有意思。她说:他这人挺有意思。于是有人传言:他和她有了意思,要赶快意思意思。他发火了,说:你们这样瞎说是什么意思。传言者有点不好意思,便解释说:仅仅是开开玩笑而矣,绝对没有别的意思。事后,有人说:真有意思。也有人说:真没意思。(彭小化06-08-24)(短短一百多字里竟出现了11个各有其意思的意思,对搞翻译的人来说,读起来确确实实有点意思吧?)

这就涉及确定词义”:根据上下文,找出单词或词语的确切的contextual meaning

---Last evening I went to a do held by our China Study Group.

昨晚我去参加了我们中国研究会的集会(do: n.social function集会,娱乐宴聚活动)

---He had not got any damages.

他没有受到任何损害*(他没有得到任何赔偿金。)

---Mr. Collins had a compliment, and an allusion to throw in here,which were kindly smiled on by the mother and daughter. (J.Austen: Pride and Prejudice)

原译:说到这里,柯林斯先生赶忙恭维了一句,又举了个例子,母女俩听了,都粲然一笑。

改译:说到这里,柯林斯先生赶忙恭维了一句,还暗示了一下原因,母女俩听了,都粲然一笑。(马屁精嘴脸)

(2) Expressing in the Target Language

---This is the virtue of the adage “an apple a day keeps the doctor away.”

原译:这是一句有效的谚语,日食一苹果,不用找大夫

改译:有句名谚说得好:每天一苹果,不用找大夫。”(《科学翻译学》

再改译:还是古语说得好:一天一苹果,医生不烦(远离)我。

---What we were offered was a big fat zero.

我们得到的是一个大零蛋。

---I had not known you a month before I felt that you were the last man in the world whom I could ever be prevailed on to marry. (Pride and Prejudice )

译文1:我还没有认识你一个月,就觉得像你这样一个人,哪怕天下男人都死光了,我也不愿意嫁给你。(淑女说粗话)

译文2:我还没有认识你一个月,就觉得像你这样一个人,在天下男人中我最不愿意和他结婚的就是你。(忠实却机械)

译文3:我认识你还不到一个月的时候,就觉得哪怕我一辈子找不到男人,也休想让我嫁给你。(忠实通顺)

---He is very handsome and really a lady killer.

---To Close:(关门:)

1. Enter your 4 digit code.(请按4”位数字密码。)

2. Hold the door closed and press “LOCK”(然后将门关上及按字。)

To Open:(开门:) 1. Enter your code.(请按私人密码。) [Tesa Electronic In-room SafesComfort Hotel, Adelaide, Aus. 2005-6-21]

(3) Re-wording (Improving your version in Target Language) / Proofreading

---For those who may be in some doubt as to the nature of chores, their variety , their pleasures and their drudgery, 1 am prepared to deliver a short disquisition.

原译:也许有人对家务事的性质、它们五花八门的种类,它们带来的欢乐与乏味还有点拿不准,我准备对此做点探讨。

改译:有些人可能不大清楚家务事的性质、繁杂和甘苦,我打算对此作点探讨。

---You’ve got to have faith up your sleeve, otherwise you won’t succeed. have an ace up one’s sleeve

A)你必须袖里藏有王牌(锦囊妙计),否则你不会成功的。*

B)你必须袖里藏有自信,否则你不会成功的。*

C)你必须胸有成竹,否则你不会成功。

---What looks good on the goose(雌鹅)looks good on the gander(雄鹅) too, a new survey shows.(男性涌动红妆潮一文开首句)

A)一次新的调查表明,女性打扮好看,男性打扮也不俗。

B)一次新调查表明,巾帼打扮添俏丽,须眉红妆亦牛气。

---A new dignity crept into his walk.(杜依波斯:《黑人的灵魂》)

A) 走路的恣态不知什么时候开始给人一种庄重的印象。(译文不错)

B)走起路来,不觉平添了几分尊严。(《翻译论集》:843

---When I was as young as you are now, towering in confidence of twenty-one, little did I suspect that I should be at forty-nine, what I now am.

A)我在你这个年纪的时候,二十出头,充满自信,意气风发,哪里会想到49岁今天的我呢?(译文不错)

B)我在你这个年纪的时候,二十出头,小荷尖尖,意气风发,哪里会想到49岁今天的我呢?(小荷尖尖四字把towering一词的精、气、神一并译出来了。)

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