it的用法

It用法

1．指代事物、动物、婴儿或末知的人。例如：

Look at the baby. Isn’t it lovely？

Who is it speaking?(电话用语，不能说What are you speaking?

2.指天气、时间、距离、自然现象、环境等。例如：

It is a very cold today.

It is spring now.

3.作先行代词：

代替不定式；动名词、that引导的从句。基本句式是：It +be +形容词、名词或动词+不定式(动名词或that引导的从句)。例如：

It is difficult to for him to read this book.

It is no use seeing the doctor. There’s nothing wrong with you physicall.

It happened that he had been out when I got here.

4.作先行宾语：

作形式宾语。以it作形式宾语常用的动词有：feel, consider, find, believe, make, take, imagine, think, suppose等。在这种结构中，被替代的成份要放在句尾。

句型1：it＋形容词＋that从句 例如：

He thought it wrong that she had not told her about it.

The editorial made it clear that the situation was serious.

句型2：it＋形容词＋动词不定式 例如：

I find it quite necessary to make some changes.

We find it difficult to master English in two years.

句型3：it ＋名词＋that从句或不定式 例如：

We owe it to society to make our factory better.

I consider it an honour that they should ask me to make a speech.

4.It is＋时间＋before＋从句

注意的是：before引导的从句是时间状语从句，从句中谓语动词的时态的变化要根据主句的时态而变化。例如：

It will be a long time before he comes back.

It wasn’t long before he came back.

5.It＋形容词＋that引导的从句 例如：

It is certain that he will finish this work this afternoon.

It is likely that she will go there with me.

6.It is ＋形容词＋of＋宾语＋不定式

常用的形容词有：brave careless, cruel , kind, generous, good, nice, rude, selfish, worng, stupid等。例如：

It is foolish of you to make such a mistake again.

It is very kind of you to have helped me with this work.

7.It is ＋副词＋that从句 例如：

It is not seldom that he comes to school late.

他上学很少有来晚的时候。

It is here that I saw Linping.

这就是我第一次见到李平的地方。

8.It is ＋名词＋that从句 例如：

Of all the films, it is Last Emperor that he want to see best.

这些电影中，他最爱看的就是“末代皇帝”。

9.It is ＋人名或代词 ＋that引导的从句 例如：

It is I that have been there before.

以前去过那里的是我。

It is Bill that often makes much noise in English class.

上英语课常常吵吵闹闹是比尔。

10.It is (goes) ＋介词短语＋that引导的从句

It goes without saying that he has been punished by his father.

不用说，他刚刚被他的父亲惩罚了。

11.It ＋连系动词＋that引导的从句

经常使用的连系动词有：appear, seems, happen, occur等。例如：

It happened that he was out when I got there.

12.It ＋被动语态谓语动词＋that引导的从句

经常使用的动词有：say, think, mention, noted, realize等。

It is said that he passed away yesterday.

It must be mentioned that you should pay attention to what the teacher is saying.

13.It ... ＋as if (as though)引导的从句 例如：

It looks as if it is going to rain.

14.It is in (with)...as in (with)

本句型表达的是“和……一样”。例如：

It is in life as in a journey.

人生好比旅行一样…

It is in studying as in eating: It is he who does it who gets the benefits, and not he who sees it done.读书和吃饭一样，得益者是亲自去做的人而不是看着别人做的人。

15. It is no good ( no use, useless, senseless, dangerous, enjoyable, worthwhile等)＋动名词或

It is a waste (hard work)＋动名词.

作先行代词，代替动名词。例如：

　 It is dangerous sleeping rough at night.

It is hard work persuading him into giving up smoking.

16.It is the first time＋that引导的从句

在这个句型中的it可以用this或that替代，另外that引导的从句的谓语动词要用现在完成时态。That也可以省略。例如：

It is the second time that I have come here.

This is the fourth time I have seen this film.

17.It is (high) time ＋that引导的从句

that引导的从句谓语动词要用虚拟语气，should do或用动词的过去式。例如：

It is time that we should go home.

=It is time we went home.

=It is time for us to go home.

18.It is (was) ...that...

这是强调句型，除了谓语动词或定语外，其它成分都可以。It无指代关系，也无实义，去掉It is…that…三个词后，句子的结构仍然完整。例如：

I am a student this year.

It is I that am a student this year.

It is a student that I am this year.

It is this year that I am a student.

19.

.作先行代词，代替名词性从句。该结构中的名词性从句可用that, what, when, where等引导。例如：

　It happened that she was not at home when I called.

It is not known what caused the accident.

6.用于独立句中。It还常同be动词和with连用，构成独立的句子，这是习惯用法。例如：

　It is well with him.他一切都很好。

　How is it with your father?你父亲好吗？

7.用于强调句型中。例如：

　It is from the sun that we get light and heat.

正是从太阳那里我们得到了光和热。

8.指复数名词。

Who is making so much noise? It must be the children.

9.用来替代整个句子或谓语部分所表示的意思。例如：

　He helped me a lot during my college years. I shall never forget it.

They are working hard and should be it.

10.Who is it? 与Who is that的区别：

　前者表示问的不是具体的人，it表示泛指任何人，而后者表示问的是具体的人，that指具体“某人”。当有人敲门时，你要说：Who is it?　当看到操场上有个人在散步，你要问的是：Who is that?

11. have it that 表示“……说”。例如：

Rumor has it that he had passed away.

The newspaper has it that the headmaster will resign.

13.it that可以引导宾语从句。能句这样用的动词或动词词组有：take hide, see to, insist on, depend on, rely on等。例如：

I take it that (猜想，认为)he is not fond of reading this novel.

Our teacher saw to it that(确保) our homework should be finished on time.

14. like(love, hate) it＋介词短语＋when引导的从句。要注意这种结构的翻译。例如：

I hate it in the evening when you sing

晚上我不愿意听你唱歌。（实际上it代替when引导的从句，when在这里也不用翻译出来。

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