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首页 > 2018版高考英语二轮：热点题型专题限时集训11 词义猜测之句子的含义和代词的指代对象

2018版高考英语二轮：热点题型专题限时集训11 词义猜测之句子的含义和代词的指代对象

发布时间：2019-03-18 19:43:25 来源：文档文库

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专题限时集训(十一)　词义猜测之句子的含义和代词的指代对象

(对应学生用书第111页)

A

(2017·福建省普通高中毕业班质量检查)After four silent years，the 27yearold British singer Adele Adkins has finally introduced herself to the world again with Hello，the opening song from her third album 25，which will come out on Nov.20.

Although Adele is a very successful singer now，music wasn't always what she saw herself doing．At age 10，when she saw her grandmother's pain over the death of Adele's grandfather，she pictured herself as a heart surgeon.

“I wanted to fix people's hearts.”she told the UK music website iD，remembering the childhood interest she'd had in biology classes until she found out that her real talent was for singing.

Adele didn't go to medical school，but many would agree that she still has healing(治愈)powers.“Her songs find the kind of memory every listener holds somewhere in their heart. This kind of feeling is what people have always liked in Adele，”said The Telegraph.“She writes a pop diary，sharing the simple secrets of her heart.”

Most successful pop stars make albums at a fast pace，but not Adele.After her second album 21 won the 2012 Grammy Award for Album of the Year，she made it clear with her label that she would spend“four or five years”making her next album.She told Vogue magazine，“I won't come out with new music until it's better than 21.”

Instead of seeking fame，Adele remained silent and moved to the countryside.In her free time，she loved to watch TV series Teen Mom，American Horror Story，and The Walking Dead.

Living life as normally as possible is important to the singer's art.“Nobody wants to listen to a record from someone who's not living in the real world，”Adele told iD.“So I live a lowkey life for my fans.”

【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了英国著名歌手阿黛尔在音乐上成功的秘密。

1．What does the text mainly tell us?

A．The popularity of Adele's album 25.

B．The healing powers of Adele's music.

C．The secrets of Adele's success in music.

D．The reason for Adele's becoming a singer.

C　[考查主旨大意。通读全文，尤其是最后三段可推知，本文主要讲述了阿黛尔在音乐上成功的秘密，故选C。]

2．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A．Adele wasn't interested in music.

B．Adele wasn't good at music at first.

C．Music wasn't very important in Adele's life.

D．Music wasn't all Adele wanted to be devoted to.

D　[考查句意猜测。根据第二段第二句“At age 10，when she saw her grandmother's pain over the death of Adele's grandfather，she pictured herself as a heart surgeon.”可推知，10岁时，当阿黛尔看到祖父的去世给祖母带来的伤痛时，她想成为一名外科医生，减轻别人的痛苦。故D项正确。]

3．Why doesn't Adele want to make albums at a fast pace?

A．To live a lowkey life.

B．To win the Grammy Award.

C．To guarantee the quality of her music.

D．To share the secrets of her heart as a musician.

C　[考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“She told Vogue magazine，‘I won't come out with new music until it's better than 21.’”，并结合最后两段的整体内容可推知，阿黛尔放慢做音乐的速度是为了追求高质量的音乐，故选C。]

4．What can we know about Adele?

A．Her album Hello will come out on Nov.20.

B．She has kept a diary since childhood.

C．She moved to the countryside before 2012.

D．Her works are based on real life.

D　[考查细节理解。根据最后一段最后两句“‘Nobody wants to listen to a record from someone who's not living in the real world，’Adele told iD.‘So I live a lowkey life for my fans.’”可知，阿黛尔的音乐作品基于真实的生活。]

B

(2017·安徽师大附中模拟)

Happiness is a journey

We always convince ourselves that life will be better after we get married，have a baby and another.Then we are frustrated that the kids aren't old enough and we'll be more content when they are.After that we're frustrated that we have teenagers to deal with.We will certainly be happy when they are out of that stage.

We always tell ourselves that our life will be complete when our spouse(配偶)gets his or her act together，when we get a nice car，and are able to go on a nice vacation when we retire.The truth is there's no better time than right now.If not now，when？Our life will always be filled with challenges.It's best to admit this to ourselves and decide to be happy anyway.

One of my favorite quotes comes from Alfred D'Souza.He said，“For a long time it had seemed to me that life was about to begin a real life.But there were always some obstacles in the way，something to be gotten through first，some unfinished business，time still to be served，a debt to be paid.Then life would begin.At last it dawned on me that these obstacles were my life.”

This perspective has helped me to see that there is no way to happiness.Happiness is the way.So treasure every moment that you have.

And remember that time waits for no one.So stop waiting until you finish school；until you go back to school；until you get married；until you get divorced；until you have kids；until you retire；until you get a new car or home；until spring；until you are born again to decide that there is no better time than right now to be happy...

Happiness is a journey，not a destination.So，work like you don't need money，love like you've never been hurt，and dance like no one's watching.

【语篇解读】　我们的生活充满挑战，挑战就是我们的生活，因此，珍惜每一刻，停止等待。享受幸福不需要等到将来，而是要把握现在。幸福是旅程，不是终点。

5．Why does the author use Alfred D'Souza's quote in the third paragraph?

A．To support his viewpoint.

B．To introduce one more topic.

C．To enrich the content of the article.

D．To compare their different views on happiness.

A　[考查推理判断。根据第四段可知，Alfred D'Souza的观点帮助作者明白了没有通往幸福的路，幸福本身就是这条路，因此珍惜你拥有的每一刻。这也是作者通过本文想要表达的观点。由此推断作者引用Alfred D'Souza的话是为了支持自己的观点。故选A。]

6．What does the underlined word“this” in the second paragraph probably refer to?

A．Life will be better after we get married，have a baby and another.

B．Our life will be whole when our spouse gets his or her act together.

C．When we retire，we can have a nice holiday.

D．We are in a world full of challenges.

D　[考查代词指代。根据前一句可知，我们的生活总是充满挑战。画线词所在句的意思是：最好是让自己接受这一事实，无论如何都要快乐。因此画线词this指上文中提到的“我们的生活充满挑战”。故选D。]

7．What is the main idea of the second paragraph?

A．Only when we get whatever we want can we feel our life is complete.

B．Whatever happens in our life，we should live in the present.

C．We shouldn't enjoy happiness at present but in the future.

D．We cannot enjoy happiness now because we are facing many challenges.

B　[考查段落大意。第二段讲述我们总是等待幸福，而事实的真相是，没有任何时刻比现在更宝贵。生活充满挑战，最好是让自己接受这一事实，无论如何都要快乐。因此推断本段主要讲述无论发生了什么，我们都应该活在当下。故选B。]

8．Which of the following is the best title of the text?

A．Owning the present is owning the future

B．Pursuing happiness is nature of us humans

C．Happiness is a journey，not a destination

D．How to possess real happiness

C　[考查标题归纳。通读全文可知，文章最后一段的第一句“Happiness is a journey，not a destination.”对全文做了总结，生活充满挑战，因此要珍惜每一刻，享受幸福，幸福是旅程，不是终点。故选C。]

C

(2017·云南省11校跨区调研考试)Spider(蜘蛛) webs have something in common with guitar strings.The long，thin strings on a guitar can vibrate (振动)．They move back and forth，or from side to side.So do webs made by spiders.The lines of silk they produce can carry vibrations.This movement gives the small creature information about what landed on the web.

Spiders have eight legs and usually eight eyes.The animals build webs with their own soft，naturallymade silk.And much like playing the strings of a guitar，a spider can send out vibrations across its web over many different frequencies(频率)．Spiders catch their food，usually insects in their webs.They make small movements，which spread across their webs.The vibrations can give the spider details about what is caught in the web—maybe a possible mate，or something tasty to eat.

Vibrations are not just used to spot what is for dinner.They are also important in courtship(求爱)，so lots of males will actually create a very specific kind of musical pattern which the females can use to determine not only that they're a male，but they're the right species，and whether they might want to mate with them as well.

Spiders make their own vibrations to find out the condition of the webs.By controlling the tightness of the material，they can effectively control how information is getting to them when they hang out in the middle of the web.Spiders have a special ability to shape the physical nature of their selfmade materials and creations.Scientists think that spider silk may have changed over time for this purpose.

【语篇解读】　本文介绍了蜘蛛吐出的蛛丝可以传播不同频率的振动，这些振动让它们知道什么东西落在了蜘蛛网上并且这些振动在求爱中也非常重要。

9．How does a spider feel that an insect is caught in the web?

A．Through its sense of sight.

B．Through vibrations of its web.

C．Through different frequencies.

D．Through a musical pattern.

B　[考查细节理解。根据第二段的“The vibrations can give the spider details about what is caught in the web”可知，蜘蛛可以通过蛛网的振动知道有东西落到蛛网上了。故选B项。]

10．What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to?

A．Insects.　　　　 B．Strings.

C．Spiders. D．Vibrations.

A　[考查代词指代。根据第二段的“Spiders catch their food，usually insects in their webs.They make small movements，which spread across their webs.”可知，蜘蛛在它们的蛛网上捕食，一般捕到的都是昆虫。它们制造出传遍整张蛛网的小振动。所以They指代的是昆虫。]

11．Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A．Silk produces vibrations as the strings of a guitar do.

B．Female spiders make special sounds to attract a partner.

C．Hunting will be hard for spiders if the silk is loose.

D．The tightness of silk can't be adjusted once it's made.

C　[考查细节理解。根据第四段的“By controlling the tightness of the material，they can effectively control how information is getting to them”可知，蛛网的松紧度对蜘蛛捕猎至关重要，故选C项。]

[干扰项分析]　根据第一段的第一句“Spider(蜘蛛)webs have something in common with guitar strings.”可知，蛛网和吉他弦有一些共同之处，故排除A。根据第三段的“so lots of males will actually... they're a male”可排除B。根据第四段的“By controlling the tightness of the material...in the middle of the web.”可知，蜘蛛可以控制蛛网的松紧度，它们可以有效地调整蛛网的属性，故可排除D项。

12．The text mainly tells readers ．

A．guitars and spider webs are similar

B．spider webs have various functions

C．spiders are skillful in hunting insects

D．vibrations are vital in a spider's life

D　[考查主旨大意。根据整篇文章的叙述，尤其是“The vibrations can give the spider details about what is caught in the web—maybe a possible mate，or something tasty to eat.”可知，D项正确。]