翻译

18.暗杀未遂 attempted assassination

19.截获消息 intercept the message

20.自发反应 spontaneous reaction

5页

College is designed to be a time of personal growth and expansion.At times it can be threatening .For certain, it is an experience that contributes to young adults 's growth and maturity .Not only are they being introduced to new people and new knowledge ,but they are also acquiring new ways of assembling and processing information .Just as proudly ,they are growing in their understanding of themselves ,others ,and the world in which they live.

大学被设计成为个人成长和发展的时期。有时它可能是惊人的。确切地说，它是一种促进年轻人成长和成熟的经历。他们不仅正在结识新人和新知识，而且还正在获取那些搜集和处理信息的新方法。可以骄傲地说，他们在了解自我，他人和所生活的世界的过程中正在不断地成长。

222页。

"Your lips say,no no no ,but your eyes say ,yes yes yes ."is a line from an old popular song .It may sound somewhat phony ,but the author was hinting at that kind of nonverbal communication known as body language .It can reflect a person's views more accurately than any words coming from his or her mouth .

Body language covers the infinite range of facial and body movements ,including the myriad ways to smile ,to walk ,to manipulate your eyes ,to move your hands and arms .We draw messages from body language ,whether it's the ''no''that a shake of the head conveys ,the ''I'm not interested ''that a turning away of the head can suggest ,or the ''Hey,I'm bad ''statement Richard Pryor and Gene Wilder expected their swaggers to make in Stir Crazy.Sometimes ,the message are conveyed through deliberate ,conscious gestures ;other times ,our bodies talk without our even knowing .But conscious or not ,our body language helps us portray a wide range of feelings ,including boredom ,amusement ,impatience ,fatigue ,concentration ,interest ,puzzlement ,and embarrassment.

Some of our body-language expressions are common idioms ,To most people ,for example ,the thump and forefinger forming a circle means ''Everything's okay.''A fist with the thump point is ''Good luck ''or "All system go .''

“你的嘴说：不不不，可你的眼睛却说：是是是。”这是一首古老的流行歌曲中的一句歌词。这句歌词听起来或许有点不真实，不过作词者却在暗示那种被称为肢体语言的非言语交流。这种交流比从他或她嘴里说出的任何话都能更准确地反映出一个人的观点。

肢体语言涵盖许许多多的面部与肢体的动作，包括种种笑行走，转动眼睛，摆动手和胳膊的方式。我们能从肢体语言截获信息，无论是摇头所表达的“不”，还是把头侧过去所暗示的“我不感兴趣”，或是理查德·普莱尔和吉恩·怀尔德在电影《阿叔有难》中大摇大摆地走路想要表达的“嘿，我很坏。”有时候，信息是通过有目的，有意识的姿势表现出来的；有时候肢体却是在我们自己毫不留意的情况下就说起话来。但是，不管是有意识地，还是无意识地，肢体语言帮助我们传递很多种情绪，包括无聊，兴致，不耐烦，疲惫，专注，兴趣，困惑以及尴尬。

我们有些肢体语言的表达是通用的语言。比如，对多数人来说，拇指和食指组成一个圆圈的意思是“一切顺利”。拇指向上伸出握拳表示“好运”或者“一切准备就绪。”

275页

A study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general history classes .The most typical history courses concentrate on politics ,economics,and war.But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only political values of people ,but also religious beliefs ,emotions ,and psychology.In addition ,information about the daily necessities of our ancestors ---or of the people very different from our own----can be provided by art.In short ,art expresses the essential qualities of the time and the place ,and a study of it clearly offers us a deeper understanding than can be found in most history books.

In history books ,objective information about the political life of a country is presented ;that is ,facts about politics are given ,but opinions are not expressed.Art ,on the other hand ,is subjective .The person and emotional view of history can be presented through art.

要了解一种文化，学习艺术史不失为一种好办法，比上通史课学到的可能更多。最典型的历史课程重点都放在政治，经济和战争方面，而艺术史的侧重点不仅仅是这些，因为艺术不仅反映人们的政治是非观，还反映人们的宗教信仰，感情以及思想活动。此外，艺术还能提供有关我们先辈们的，或是不同于我们的那些民族的日常生活用品的有关信息。简言之，艺术表现出时代和地域的重要特征，艺术明显比大多数历史书更能加深我们对这些特征的理解。

历史书向我们展示的是一个国家政治生活的客观信息，但不触及人们的观点。相反，艺术是主观的，它能表达出个人的，带有情感色彩的历史观。

329页

Our inclination to tell the truth may be a biological trait built into our genes.It may be a feature of humanity as characteristic for us as features for birds or scales for fish.It may enable us to live ,at our best,the kinds of lives we are designed to live.

The alternative explanation is that we are brought up to love the truth as children ,in response to the rules of our culture .But if that is the case ,you would expect to encounter,every once in a while ,societies in which the rule doesn't hold ,and I have never heard of a culture in which lying was done by everyone ,all life through ;nor can I imagine such a group functioning successfully.

Biologically speaking ,there is good reason for us to restrain ourselves from lying to each other whenever possible .We are a social specious ,more interdependent than the social insects .We can no more live a solitary life than a bee.We are obliged ,as a species,to rely on each other .Trust is a fundamental requirement for our kind of existence .Without it all our linkages would begin to snap loose.

The restraint against lying is a mild one ,so gentle that we can hardly perceive it.But it is there.We know about it from what we call guilt.

我们一般愿意说真话，这有可能是存在于我们基因中的一个生理特性。这也可能是人类的一个特征，就像羽毛之于鸟类，鳞片之于鱼类一样。这一特性使我们能以最好的状况过着大自然为我们规划的生活。

对此，还有另一种解释：我们从小就被灌输做人要真诚的道理，这源于我们文化的熏陶。不过，如果这一解释属实，你偶然就会遇到此规则不灵验的社会，我还从未听说过有哪个社会人人都说谎，一辈子都说谎，我也不能想象这样的群体能够成功运作。

从生物学角度看，只要可能，我们有充分的理由克制不互相说谎。我们是个群居的物种，比群居的昆虫更加相互依赖。和蜜蜂一样，我们过不了独居生活。作为一个物种，我们不得不相互依赖，信任是我们生存的根本要求，没有信任，我们的连续就会松垮。

克制自己不说谎无需刻意努力，我们几乎从未意识到这种克制，但它确实存在，从一种我们称之为内疚的感觉中，我们知其存在。

367页

To be a good parent is one of life's most important roles ,yet after six months John began to doubt himself ,''Nobody ever rings any bells to tell you that you're succeeding.You don't get a raise or promotion---or any thanks .Life with kids is always chaotic,and if that's your main function you begin to wonder if you're a very competent person .You think almost any dum-dum ought to be able to do what you do .''

John never found ways to vent aggression or frustration .''You can't take it out on the kids ,obviously ,and Lettie comes home with her own problems .I swallowed it ;I walked around with a constant low-level depression.''

John's relationship with his wife also began to change .She was preoccupied with her work ,and seemed to need him less,but he needed her more .

''I looked like a bum all day long but found myself shaving and putting on some decent clothes in the late afternoon .Lettie's arrival home was the highlight of the day .If she called up to say she had to work late ,I' d feel crushed ,especially if I'd put a lot of effort into dinner .But you can't really complain ,can you ?I'd done it often enough.''

It also bugged John when his wife occasionally entertained business clients at a fancy restaurant and he had to stay home and eat spaghetti with the kids .''I was desperate to get out of the house .Get a baby sitter,candlelight dinner for two ,cheek-to-cheek dancing .But then she'd say she was exhausted,or had to work on a report.''

当个好家长是人生最重要的职责之一，可是经过半年之后，约翰开始对自己的这个认识产生疑问。“没有人会记得告诉你你的成绩。你也不会因此而获得加薪，或是升职，或是感谢。与孩子们一起的生活老师乱糟糟的。如果这是你的职责，你就会问自己，你还是不是个能干的人。你就会想，任何一个二流子都能做你现在做的这些事。”

约翰没有发火或发泄郁闷的机会。“总不能对孩子发泄吧，这很明显。老婆莱蒂回到家里还继续操心工作中的事，我只好把我的火气和烦恼都咽下，带着抑郁的心情到处走走。”

约翰与妻子的关系也开始变化。她一心关注工作，不在像以前那样需要他，而他却比往常更需要她了。

“我整天像个邋里邋遢，游手好闲的人，不过一到下午五六点钟，我就情不自禁地刮起胡子，穿上像样的衣服。莱蒂回到家里是一天中最令人兴奋的时刻。她要是打电话说要加班，我的好心情会立即消失，特别是在我费力准备好了一顿晚饭之后。但是你真的不能抱怨，是不是？我已经抱怨的够多了。”

他的妻子偶尔在豪华饭店应酬商业客户，而此时他却不得不呆在家里和孩子们一起吃意大利面，约翰对此也感到愤愤不平。“我极想走出家门，找个小时工带孩子，我们两人吃一顿烛光晚餐，跳跳贴面舞。但是她会说很累的，或是说得写个报告。”

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