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字母及字母组合的发音规律

发布时间：2012-01-14 18:37:22 来源：文档文库

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九年级学生学习重点

一、字母及字母组合的发音

1、元音字母在重读开音节中的发音。

（重读开音节是指以发音的元音字母结尾，或者一个元音字母加一个辅音字母（r除外）再加不发音的e结尾的音节叫开音节。）

a / / e / i: / i / aI / o / / u / ju: /

例如：

a — / /

lake make name tape sale game behave(举止、表现) grade same late take make shake skate（滑冰、溜冰鞋）save came made shape(形状) gave bake（烘烤） plane ate (/e/ /eI/)cake stage（舞台、阶段、时期）brave wake（醒来、唤醒）face race wave case snake（蛇）cage(笼子)whale(鲸鱼)base(基地)safe(安全)

e — / i: /

be he me she these theme the（/ i: / / /）we

i — / /

fine quite（相当） nice slice（薄片） like bike ice drive ride wise（有智慧的、聪明的） price prize(奖赏、资金) wine hike time hi white nine invite line polite tile(瓦片、瓷砖)five mice(mouse的复数) wipe(擦，揩)

o ——/ /

hello no those globe(球状物、球体)nose note joke choke(窒息、噎)phone so whole hole wrote smoke stone(石头)

u — / ju: /

cute(可爱的) use huge(巨大的)

特殊情况：have / / last /a: / do /u:/ lose /u:/ move /u:/ to /u:/ who /u:/ come / / some/ / love/ /

2、元音字母在重读闭音节中的发音

（闭音节是指一个元音字母加上一个或者几个辅音字母（r除外））

元音字母发相对应的短音

a / / e / e / i / I / o / / u / /

例如：

a —/ /

bad sat stand lamp (灯、灯泡) glad plan nap am thank an map black and last back pack that at bag math hat can bat has man as (和……一样) hand than cat had exam cap add hang camp act snack(小吃)jazz(爵士乐)fan rat(老鼠)rang fast tag(垂下物、结束语。tag question 附加疑问句)trap(使受限制、陷于困境；诱捕)pants（裤子）jam

e — / e /

rest pen spell red yes set bed ten get desk let well egg leg help sell end sex(性别)wet met send rent(租)yet(至今)hen less fell dress shell(贝壳)mess(混乱、脏乱n.) shelf(架子、)smell chef(厨师) fresh(新鲜的)

i —— / I /

list is this in his ring big thin thing stitch(伤口的缝线、缝针) quick king till kid miss risk(危险) dish(盘子) pick fill sink(下沉) wind(风)stick(刺、戮、插) pink(粉红色) skin( 皮肤) list(菜单、列举)thick(厚的、浓的) six quilt(被子) wrist(腕，手腕)

o —— / /

not hot lost on lot sock stop got soft cost spot drop pop chop（砍、剁） god（上帝） block（街区、街段） top（顶） rock(岩石、巨石) shock(震惊)

u —— / /

us bus but junk(垃圾)must cut hum(哼唱) mum up cup jump duck dull(乏味的、无聊的)shut such gum(口香糖)stuff(原料、材料) trust(信任) club brush(刷子)

特殊情况：

staff / a:/ mind/aI/ kind/aI/ blind /aI/wild /aI/them/ /of/ / son/ / gold(金子) cold/ / most/ / hold/ / whom /u:/ pull/u:/ push/ /

元音字母在非重读音节里可以发/ /、/ I / 等弱音

3、r音节在重读音节中的读音（r音节是以元音字母加构成的音节）

ar -----/a:/

例如.dark hard star car part large card alarm( 恐慌、警报)farm article(文章) smart（聪明的、伶俐的）barber(理发师)warm yard barbecue( 户外烤肉)stardust(星团，幻觉)

(特殊情况：quarter / /)

or -----/ /

例如：horse sport short north sort nor report popcorn (爆米花) morning afford record support(支持)

or -----/3:/

例如: word world worse worst work

er-----/3:/

例如: serve her term verb(动词) dissert(饭后甜食)

ir----/3:/

例如: bird first girl sir shirt thirteen thirty firm(公司)

ur----/3:/

例如: purpose(目的) turkey(火鸡) hurt nurse burn（燃烧、烧焦）fur(毛皮) turn murder(谋杀)

turtle(海龟) furniture(家具) surf(冲浪) survive(幸存，生还)

ar or er ir ur 在非重读音节里可以发/ /

例如：

forward (向前) grammar regular irregular (regular verb 规则动词) dollar

doctor color colorful elevator(电梯)forbid (禁止)dormitory(宿舍) collector major(主要的，重大的)ancestor(祖先) equator(赤道)monitor

ruler answer number sister mother dinner fever blender(果汁机) soccer dresser (碗橱、梳妆台) computer ……（drawer不发音）

injured(受伤的，受损害的) surprise

4、常见元音字母组合的发音

ai(y)-----/eI /

例如： sail mail gain rain complain explain afraid daily snail(蜗牛)day play away display(展览) lay(产卵) weekday stay essay(文章) gray(灰色的)

air------/ /

air chair hair haircut repair

are-----/ /

care dare compare(比较)parent share(分享) square(正方形，广场)

ear----/ /

bear pear wear

ear----/ /

dear hear beard(胡子)

ear-----/3: /

heard earth early

（heart/a:/）

ere-----/ /

there where

ere----/ /

here mere(单单、边境线)

eer-----/ /

beer

alk-----/ k/

walk talk

all-----/ l/

wall tall small ball call mall all

al----/ l/

also always already

(calm/a:/镇静的、沉着的)

ance----/a:ns/

dance France chance

war----/w /

war warm warn（警报） award(奖赏)

as----/a:s/

class glass ask task(任务)last fast

au-----/a:/

aunt laugh

au-----/ /

autumn because caught daughter cause astronaut(宇航员)

aw----/ /

law saw draw drawer strawberry(草莓)awful（极不好的，极讨厌的）

ea----/e/

death head bread dead read(过去式) health healthy unhealthy sweater breakfast instead deaf

ea----/eI/

great break

ea---- / /

really real cereal(谷类植物)idea area realize realistic (现实的)

ea-----/i:/

beat heat seat read please cream clean dream dreamer leave increase jeans(牛仔裤)

ee----/i:/

sleep asleep sleepy bee need three meet week green three thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen free freedom agree disagree sneeze(喷嚏)lead teenager seem seen feet teeth greet(问候) speed(速度) speech(演说、讲话n.)

ex----/eks/

exclamation(感叹号)excellent(极好的) expert(专家) extra(额外的) exhibition(展览)exercise

ex----/Iks/

experience expect excited exchange explain excuse

ex----/Igz/

exactly(正、恰好)example exam

ew---/(j)u:/

new few review blew drew Jew Jewish

ey-----/i:/

key

ey----/eI/

they hey

ild---/Ild/

wild child

ind---/Ind/

mind find behind blind

ing----/I //

sing ring thing spring king evening dining(吃饭n.)……

ire-----/aI /

fire hire(租、雇) tire（使疲倦） retire（退休）

oa-----/ /

boat coat goat coaster(roller coaster 过山车)

oi oy----/ /

oil coin（硬币） boil boy toy

old----/ ld/

old cold gold

oo-----/u:/

too moon soon room afternoon food root(根) choose tooth shoot(投篮、射击) spoon(匙，调羹)

oo-----/ /

good goodbye wood foot classroom

ook----/ k/

book look cook bookcase cookie(曲奇饼)

oor-----/ /

floor door

or-----/ /

horse short border(边境)chore(杂物、杂事)boring(今人厌烦的) for

ore----/ /

more store bored(厌烦的)

our-----/ /

your four yours yourself

our-----/ /]

our hour sour(酸的)

our-----/ /.

tour tourist

（journalist/3:/新闻记者）

ou-----/ /

bought brought thought

ou-----/u:/

group route(路线)

ou------/ /

enough cousin couple double trouble southern young

ou-----/ /

mouth mouse house cloud amount(总额、总数)around about south southeast southwest loud loudly aloud countable noun uncountable out outside found sound shout thousand

ow-----/ /

how cow however allow town hometown

ow-----/ /

low show snow slow yellow tomorrow grow follow borrow tomorrow

ui------/(j)u:/

fruit suit suitcase(小提箱)

5、辅音字母一般发与他形状相同的音

特殊情况：

j-----/ /

jeep June July jacket jazz jeans Jew(犹太人) Jewish(犹太人的) jump joke junk jam/拥挤、堵塞）

journalist(新闻记者)

n----/ /(当后面有k .g或c(发/k/)时)

thank blank(空白) English uncle ink think sprinkle（撒，洒）

y----/j/(在音节的开头)

yard your young you

y----/I/(在单词末尾，并且是非重读时)

very busy baby thirty thirsty guilty(内疚的，有罪的)……

y-----/aI /(在重读的音节末尾)

by my sky

c-----/s/(在d, e, i, y 前)

center city bicycle

c-----/k/(在其它情况下)

call clean cook cut soccer

g-----/ /(在e、y前)

generally(大体上的) gym gymnast(体操运动员) giant(大的、巨大的)geography

g-----/g/(在其它情况下)

gate give get leg …….

s------/s/(在词首时、在清辅音前或后、在双写时)

snake snow south space sky maps most class less success pass dissert

s-----/z/(在其它情况下)

is has means

(sure / /)

x----/ks/(在词尾、在清辅音前)

box fox mix text next

6、辅音字母组合的读音规则

tch 、ch------/ /

China church teach catch match watch beach lunch chip chore chicken stitch(伤口的缝线，缝针) coach(指导)……

ch --------/k/

school chemistry(化学) stomach stomachache headache toothache psychology achievement(成就、成绩) chicken chocolate

ck------/k/

back clock black chicken jacket racket(球拍)

dge-----/ /

bridge judge (法官。裁判员) knowledge

gu------/g/

guess guest(宾客)league(联盟、社团) dialogue guide(向导)guy(家伙、人)guilty(内疚的，有罪的)

gh(不发音)

bought bright flight sight(名胜，风景)high fight right light slight(微不足道的、极不重要的)

gh------/f/

cough(咳嗽) laugh enough

(spaghetti/g/ 意大利式细面条)

kn-----/n/

knife knock knee(膝盖) know knowledge(知识) knowledgeable (知识渊博的；有见识的)

mb----/m/

climb bomb(炸弹)tomb(坟墓)

)

ment----/m nt/

management(管理，经营)argument agreement amusement(娱乐，消遣)advertisement(广告) entertainment((娱乐，消遣)environment(环境) commitment(奉献，忠诚) government

elementary(基础的，初级的)

ph-----/f、

photo photograph photographer photography phone telephone geography phrase(短语、词组) physics (物理) symphony(交响乐，交响曲)

qu-----/kw/

quick quite quiet question quality(质量)quarter quarrel(吵架、争论) queue(一队人n.排除v.)quilt(被子)

sh------/ /

she shirt fish wash fashion show friendship toothbrush relish(调味品、佐料)pushy(固执已见的) finish shake(摇动)shampoo(洗发剂、香波)share(分享)shelf(架子、搁板) shiny(有光泽的、发亮的)shoot(投篮、射击)

sion---/ n/

conclusion(结论) decision(决定，决心)

th-----/ /

think three bath method both math north south thirty earth thirsty athletic (运动的，强壮的)athlete(运动员) something nothing……

th-----/ /

the this that these those mother father brother northern southern other weather clothes clothing another with without together farther farthest rather

tion----/ n/

question suggestion

tion----/ n/

station collection traditional(传统的)situation international solution(解答，解决办法)attention（注意，专心）attraction（吸引人的事或物）conjunction（连词）education educational(有教育意义的) exclamation（感叹号）preposition（介词）pronunciation（发音）contraction(缩略语，缩略形式)conversation(对话)