2020七年级英语下册 知识导学 Module 1 Lost and found词句精讲精练(新版)外研版

发布时间:2020-02-18 09:50:33   来源:文档文库   
字号:

Module 1 Lost and found

精讲精练

词汇精讲

1. welcome

welcome是动词,意为“欢迎”,后面可以直接跟表示人的名词。例如:

Lets welcome the visitor. 让我们欢迎来宾。

【拓展】

1) welcome sb. to sp. 欢迎某人到某地 例如:

Welcome our friends to Beijing. 欢迎我们的朋友到北京来。

2) You are welcome.意为“不用谢。” 例如:

— Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。

— Youre welcome. 不用谢。

2. mine

mine是名词性物主代词,相当于my + 名词。例如:

The coat is mine. 这件上衣是我的。

【拓展】

(1) 名词性物主代词常用来避免和前面已提及的名词重复,相当于(形容词性物主代词+名词)。其分类形式如下:

(2) 名词性物主代词的用法:

I. 名词性物主代词可用作主语、宾语和表语,可单独使用,其后不再跟名词。

1) 用作主语。例如:

That isnt my car. Mine is at home. 那不是我的汽车。我的汽车在家里。

2) 用作宾语。例如:

I have broken my pen. May I use yours? 我折断了我的钢笔。我可以用一下你的吗?

(作动词的宾语)

He wasnt in my room. He might be in his. 他不在我的房间。他可能在自己的房间。

(作介词的宾语)

II. 名词性物主代词可与介词of构成短语,用作后置定语,表示从属关系。例如:

Jack is a friend of mine. Jack是我的一个朋友。(用于双重所有格)

【注意】

1) 在使用名词性物主代词时,必须有特定的语言环境,也就是要省略的名词大家已经知道,已经提起过。例如:

There is a book. Its hers. 那里有本书。是她的。

2) 名词性物主代词用作主语时,谓语动词的数应随其所指代的数而定。例如:

— Is this pencil yours or hers? 这支铅笔是你的还是她的?

— Its mine. Hers is in her bag. (Hers = Her pencil) 是我的,她的铅笔在她的包里。

— Whose books are these? 这些是谁的书?

— They are his. Yours are over there. (Yours = Your books.)

是他的。你的在那里。

3. talk to

talk to意为“和……交谈”,talk作不及物动词,意为“讨论,交谈”。例如:

The teacher is talking to the student. 老师正在与这位学生交谈。

【拓展】

(1) 与talk有关的词组:

talk about sth. 谈论某事

talk with sb. 和某人交谈 例如:

They are talking about their homework. 他们正在谈论他们的作业。

I’d like to talk with you.我想和你谈谈。

(2) talk; speak; tell与say的辨析

1) talk的意思是“谈话,谈论”,指相互之间的谈话,一般用作不及物动词,与介词to或with连用,表示“与……交谈”。而谈及关于某人或某事时,后接介词of或about。例如:

They are talking on the phone. 他们正在电话中交谈。

My mother is talking with my teacher. 我妈妈正在和我的老师谈话。 

We are talking in English.我们正用英语交谈。

2) speak的意思是“说话”,作不及物动词时,通常指说话的能力和方式;作及物动词时,其后的宾语为某种语言。speak to sb.表示“同某人说话”。例如:

Would you like to speak at the meeting? 你要在会上发言吗?

Bob speaks Chinese quite well. Bob汉语说得相当好。

Joe can speak a little Chinese. Joe能说一点儿汉语。

May I speak to Mr. Green? 我可以同格林先生通话吗?(此句常用于打电话用语中)

He is speaking to Lily. 他正在和Lily说话。

3) tell意为“讲述”“告诉”,作及物动词时,指把一件事或一个故事讲出来,有连续诉说之意。如:tell the truth说实话;tell a story讲故事。tell也可接双宾语结构或复合宾语结构。如:tell sb. sth.告诉某人某事;tell sb. about sth.告诉某人关于某事;tell sb.(not) to do sth.告诉某人(不要)去做某事。 例如:

What did your mother tell you just now?

刚才你妈妈告诉你什么了?

— She told me not to ride a bike quickly. Its too dangerous.

她告诉我不要快骑自行车,那太危险了。

Please tell me something about yourself. 请告诉我关于你自己的一些事情。

4) say意为“说出”“说过”,强调说话的内容,也可与to连用,say to sb.意为“对某人说”例如:

He often says“hello”to me with a smile. 他常笑着向我问好。

I can say it in English. 我能用英语说它。

He says to me,“I like my hometown.”他对我说:“我喜欢我的家乡。”

4. get on

get on意为“上车”,其反义词组为get off。例如:

He gets on the bus at that station every day. 他每天在那个车站上公共汽车。

Dont get off the bus. 不要下公共汽车。

【拓展】

get on还可意为“进展”,get on well with sb. 意为“与某人相处融洽”;get on well with sth.意为“某事进展顺利”。例如:

Im getting on well with my classmates. 我和我的同学相处融洽。

How are you getting on with your work? 你的工作进展如何?

5. in a hurry

in a hurry意为“匆匆忙忙地”,hurry此处用作名词。例如:

She dressed herself in a hurry. 她匆忙穿好衣服。

He was in a hurry to leave. 他急于要离开。

【拓展】hurry还可用作不及物动词,意为“赶快,匆忙”。常用于:

(1) hurry后面直接跟表示地点的副词或表示地点的介词短语。例如:

He hurried home / to school. 他匆忙回家/回学校。

(2) hurry还可以和副词up或off连用,构成hurry up或hurry off短语。例如:

Hurry up, or you will be late for work. 快点,要不然你上班会迟到的。

They hurried off to do their work. 他们匆忙离开去做他们的工作。

6. leave

leave作动词,意为“留下,落下”,后接表示地点的介词短语,表示把某物落在/忘在某地。例如:

I often leave my homework at home. 我经常把作业忘在家里。

I left my key in the reading room. 我把钥匙忘在阅览室了。

【拓展】

(1) leave是动词,意为“离开”,相当于go away,是瞬间动词,不能和一段时间连用。例如:

He left Beijing yesterday. 他昨天离开北京。

(2) leave和leave for的辨析:

leave somewhere意为“离开某地”;而leave for somewhere意为“前往某事,到某地去”。例如:

When is the train leaving? 火车什么时候离开?

Mr. Smith is leaving for Paris next month. 史密斯先生下个月将前往巴黎。

7. hundreds of

hundreds of 表示“数百,成百上千的”这时hundred后要加-s,且后面有介词of,但是不能与数词连用。例如:

There are hundreds of people in the restaurant. 在餐馆里有成百上千的人。

【拓展】

(1) hundred是数词,意为“百”,当表示具体的“几百”时,用“基数词 + hundred”,注意不加-s。例如:

There are nine hundred students in our school. 我们学校有900名学生。

(2) 表示数词的还有thousand“千”,million“百万”,billion“十亿”。它们的用法和hundred一样,可以用来表示约数和确数。

8. look for

look for强调找的动作,表示“寻找”。例如:

Tim is looking for his little dog. Tim正在找他的小狗。

【拓展】find; find outlook for的辨析:

这一组词均有“寻找,找”的含义。find强调找的结果,表示“找到”;find out强调经过仔细调查、分析,表示“弄清楚,弄明白”;look for强调找的动作,表示“寻找”。例如:

My sister is looking for her old books. 我姐姐正在找她的旧书。

I want to find out what time the train leaves.我想弄清楚火车几点钟出发。

I found the dog there. 我发现那只狗在那里。

9. maybe

maybe是副词,意思是“也许,可能”,在句中作状语,相当于perhaps,常位于句首。 例如:

Maybe shell come this afternoon. 她可能今天下午来。

Maybe you put the letter in your pockets. 大概你把信放在衣袋里了。

【拓展】

(1) maybe和may be的辨析:

maybe是副词,而在may be中,may是情态动词,be是动词原形,两者构成完整的谓语形式,与主语形成系表结构,意为“也许是、可能是”。 例如:

I can’t find my watch. It may be in your pocket. 我找不到我的手表了,它可能在你的口袋里。

He may be a soldier. 他可能是军人。

(2) maybe和may be可相互转换。 例如:

He may be in the office. = Maybe he is in the office. 他或许在办公室。

You may be right. = Maybe you are right. 你或许是对的。

10. think of

think of意为“想起,记起,考虑,认为”,是动介结构。例如:

I cant think of his name at the moment. 我一时想不起他的名字。

【拓展】think的相关短语:

(1) think about是“动词 + 介词”的动词短语,意为“考虑,思考”。后面接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。例如:

He is thinking about what I said. 他正在考虑我所说的话。

(2) think over着重“仔细考虑,反复考虑”,是动副结构。其常用搭配为:

think over + 名词

think + 代词 + over

think over + what等引导的从句 例如:

Its a difficult problem. I must think it over.这是一道难题,我得仔细思考思考。

【注意】

(1) think about与think of均为动介结构。表示“考虑”或“认为”,一般可互换。

(2) 当“考虑”某事或计划等是否可行时,不能用think of。

(3) 当think of表示“关心,想出,记得,想念”时,不能用think about。

词汇精练

I. 英汉互译。

1. first of all_________________________ 2. be careful with _________________________

3. from now on_________________________ 4. 匆匆忙忙_________________________

5. 成百上千的_________________________ 6. 寻找_________________________

7. at the moment _________________________ 8. such as _________________________

9. help sb. do sth. _________________________ 10. get on_________________________

II. 根据句意及首字母提示完成所缺单词。

1. There is a word wrong in the sentence. Can I use your e_________?

2. Your hands are too cold. Here are some g_________.

3. — W_________ crayons are these?

— Mine.

4. I often f_________ my things in the lost and found box.

5. Mum has a digital(数码的) c_________. We can use it to take photos.

6. There are about two t_________ students in our school.

7. There are some s_________ things in the picture, so I cant understand the meaning of it.

8. A man is l_________ for his wallet at the lost and found box.

9. Many people are waiting for the plane at the a_________.

10. H_________ of doctors are having a meeting.

III. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. _________(who) bag is this?

2. Are the gloves _________(Betty)?

3. There are a lot of things in the _________(lose) and found box.

4. The tapes are _________(my); they arent _________(you).

5. Please be ________(care) with your glasses.

6. Here ________(be) some flowers for you.

7. ________(hundred) of students are planting trees on the hill.

8. Come and help me ________(water) the flowers.

9. Jims bike is black. What about ________(you)?

10. Try ________(work) hard at your English, or youll fail in the exam.

IV. 填入正确的人称代词和物主代词。

 1. This isn’t ________ knife. _________ is green. (she)

 2. These are your books, Kate. Put __________ in the desk, please. (they)

 3. _______ must look after ________ things. (you)

 4. Wei Fang, is that ________ ruler? Yes, it is. (you)

 5. It’s Lin Tao’s bag. Give it to __________. (he)

 6. Is this pencil-box Li Lei’s? No, ___________ is very new. (he)

 7. This box is too heavy. I can’t carry _________. (it)

  Don’t worry, let __________(I) help __________. (you)

 8. _____ is a boy. _____ name is Mike. Mike’s friends like _____ very much. (he)

参考答案

I.英汉互译。

1. 首先,第一 2. 小心(对待)…… 3. 从现在开始 4.in a hurry

5. hundreds of 6. look for 7. 现在,此刻 8. 例如 9. 帮助某人做某事 10. 上车

II. 根据句意及首字母提示完成所缺单词。

1. eraser 2. gloves 3. Whose 4. find 5. camera 6. thousand 7. strange 8. looking

9. airport 10. Hundreds

III. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。

1. Whose 2. Bettys 3. lost 4. mine; yours 5. careful 6. are

7. Hundreds 8. (to) water 9. yours 10. to work

IV. 填入正确的人称代词和物主代词。

1. her; Hers 2. them 3. You; your 4. your 5. him 6. his 7. it; me; you 8. He; His; him

句式精讲

1. Whose bag is this?

Whose + 名词 + 一般疑问句?是一个特殊疑问句。

whose是疑问代词,意为“谁的”,用来提问形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词及名词所有格,在句中作表语、定语。其主格是who“谁”,宾格是whom“谁”。其用法如下:

1) 提问形容词性物主代词结构式为:

Whose + 名词 + 一般疑问句?例如:

That is your room. 那是你的房间。

→Whose room is that? 那是谁的房间?

2) 提问名词性物主代词结构式为:

Whose + 一般疑问句? 例如:

This room is mine. 这个房间是我的。

→ Whose is this room? 这个房间是谁的?

3) 提问名词所有格的结构式为:

Whose + 名词 + 一般疑问句?(作定语)

Whose + 一般疑问句?(作表语) 例如:

The computer is Linglings. 这台电脑是玲玲的。

→ Whose is the computer? (作表语) 这台电脑是谁的?

This is Linglings computer. 这是玲玲的电脑。

→ Whose computer is this? (作定语) 这是谁的电脑?

【拓展】whose; whom与who的用法:

例如:

Tom often helps her.

① ②

→① Who often helps her?

→② Who/Whom does Tom often help?

2. Heres a purple wallet!

此句为倒装句,正常的语序是:A purple wallet is here. 句中here提前是为了强调地点。由here; there; out; in; down等表示方位的副词开头的句子中,如果主语是名词,要用全部倒装语序,即谓语动词位于主语之前。例如:

Here are some flowers. 这里有一些花。

There goes the bell. 铃响了。

【拓展】

当主语是人称代词时,用半倒装结构,即There/Here/Down/In+主语 + 动词。例如:

Here you are. 给你。(半倒装)

3. be careful with

be careful with意为“小心……”。例如:

Be careful with the wet paint. 小心,油漆未干。

【拓展】

be careful (not) to do sth.意为“注意/小心(不要)做某事”。例如:

Be careful not to be late for school. 注意上学不要迟到。

4. help sb. do sth.

help sb. do sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”。此句型也可以说成:help sb. to do sth.。例如:

He helps me learn English.= He helps me to learn English. 他帮助我学习英语。

【拓展】

(1) help sb. with sth.在某事上帮助某人 例如:

My maths teacher helps me with my maths. 我的数学老师在数学上帮助我。

(2) help 也可以作名词,作名词时常用于下列短语:

with ones help= with the help of 在……的帮助下 例如:

With Marys help, I made rapid progress in English learning. = With the help of Mary, I made rapid progress in English learning. 在Mary的帮助下,我在英语学习方面进步很快。

句式精练

1. 从现在开始,请每个人小心保管自己的物品。

Everyone, ____________ ____________ ____________ with your things from now on.

2. — 那是谁的电脑?

— 是我的。

— _____________ computer is that?

— Its _____________.

3. 或许他们也很想你呢!

_____________ they miss you, _____________!

4. 他为什么这么匆忙?

_____________ is he _____________ _____________ _____________?

5. 许多国家的人说英语,如澳大利亚人和英国人等。

Many people speak English in many countries, ___________ __________ Australians and English.

6. 欢迎来到我们学校。

_____________ _____________ our school.

7. 你在找什么?

What are you _____________ _____________?

8. 这儿有一些旧书。

_____________ _____________ some old books.

9. 我旅行的时候经常把东西忘在火车上。

I often ___________ things __________ trains when Im traveling.

10. 看,那个男子正在上公共汽车。

_____________, the man is _____________ _____________ the bus.

II. 句型转换,每空一词。

1. That is Lisas notebook. (对划线部分提问)

_____________ _____________ is that?

2. I help him learn English. (改为同义句)

I help him _____________ English.

3. I dont go to school because I am ill. (对划线部分提问)

_____________ _____________ you go to school?

4. We go to Tianjin by boat. (对划线部分提问)

_____________ _____________ you go to Tianjin?

5. My book is in the lost and found box. (对划线部分提问)

_____________ is _____________ book?

III. 补全对话。

A: There is a lost and found box over there. 1

B: OK. Lets go.

A: Is this your eraser?

B: No, it isnt. 2 But this one is green.

A: 3

B: Yes, it is. Thank you.

A: 4

B: Whose ruler is this?

A: Sorry, I dont know. Maybe it is Lilys.

B: 5

A: Because Lily likes pink very much. This ruler is pink.

参考答案

I. 完成句子,每空一词。

1. please be careful 2. Whose; mine 3. Maybe; too 4. Why; in a hurry 5. such as

6. Welcome to 7. looking for 8. Here are 9. leave; on 10. Look; getting on

II. 句型转换,每空一词。

1. Whose notebook 2. with 3. Why dont 4. How do 5. Where; your

III. 补全对话。

1. D 2. B 3. E 4. F 5. G

本文来源:https://www.2haoxitong.net/k/doc/94c54e2b74c66137ee06eff9aef8941ea76e4b0b.html

《2020七年级英语下册 知识导学 Module 1 Lost and found词句精讲精练(新版)外研版.doc》
将本文的Word文档下载到电脑,方便收藏和打印
推荐度:
点击下载文档

文档为doc格式