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BAABB ACC
1.Reasoning skills deaI with the process of gett i ng from a prob Iem to a solution or a conclusion. By improving your
reasoning skills, you can improve your success i n doing thin gs. Specifically, strong reasoning skills can he Ip you to:
•improve the qua Iity and vaIidity of your own arguments;
•improve your ability to assess the qua Iity and validity
of others1 arguments;
•make more logical decisions;
so Ive prob Iems more efficiently and effect i veIy.
To give a specific examp Ie, every day you have to make var i ous deci sions, and yet even some simple decisions Ii ke dec i d i ng what to wear when you* re gett i ng dressed i n the morn in g requi re some reasoning skills. When you decide what to we ar, you take many factors i nto cons i derat i on - the weather forecast, the current temperature, your pIans for the day
(where you are going, what you wiI I do, and whom you wiI I
meet), your comfort I eve I, and so on. In reaI life, youneed to face decisions that are much more difficult than choosing what to wear. So, it is reaI Iy important to have st
rong reasoning skills.
2.The factors be Iow are usuaI Iy important for a logical co
ncI us i on:
critical thinking skills;
facts;
evidence;
sound reasoning process, etc.
1.The deaI between them is that the narrator gives Rob his leather jacket, and Rob, in exchange, gives the narrator his girIfr iend. They make the deaI because they want to get something from each other: Rob is crazy about fashion, and he wants to own the narrator1s fashionable leather jacket; the narrator longs to have a beautiful girlfriend, and Rob's gi rIfr iend i s beautiful.
2.He th inks a beaut ifu I and we I I-spoken gir Ifr i end will ass i st him to land a job and ach i eve success in an elite law company.
3.The narrator feels this way because he can't stop thinking that his purpose of dating Polly is not for romance but for improving her intel Iigence, and he can't let Polly know his plan.
4.The narrator decides to teach Polly logic because he be I ieves logic i s essential to clear thinking. By teaching Polly logic, he can make her intel Iigent.
5.When the narrator teaches her logic, Polly responds either shortly with "Cool", "Great", *' I I ike that idea”, or simply with nodding or bl inking without saying anything. These responses give us an impression that Polly is a nice but rather simple-minded girl.
6.Yes. He is only too successful in teaching Polly logic because in the end when he asks Polly to be his gi rIfr i end, Polly refuses hi s request by appIy i ng a I I the logical fa Ilaci es he has taught her.
7.Because he wants to make one more attempt to win Polly as his gi rIfr iend by asking her to forget what he has taught her.
8.The end of the story is ironic because Pol ly turns out to be smarter than the narrator. First, she is able to refute al I his arguments as logical fa Ilacies. Then, she discloses that she and Rob have played a trick on him. The narrator has been too smart for his own good.
1.In my opinion, al I the three characters are complex. The fol lowing are my descr i pt ions about them.
The narrator:
•Smart: He is an excel lent law student and knows a lot about logic.
•Sophisticated: He be Iieves a beautiful and intel Iigent gi rIfr iend wiI I benefit him in his future career.
•Arrogant and seIf-conceited: He thinks highly of himseIf but badly of his roonmate.
•Over-confident: He thinks the girl will surely choose him rather than Rob.
•Stupid and simple-minded: He knows nothing about what can happen in reaI Iife.
Rob:
•Fashionable and cool: He loves fashion and cares a lot about his appearance.
•Dishonest: He plays a tr ick on the narrator to get his leather jacket.
•Clever： He is able to get what he wants without losing anything.
Polly:
•Beautiful and nice: She is pretty and easy to be with.
•Sha I low： She chooses Rob simply because he is fashionable.
•Smart: She learns quickly and is ful I of wi t when refusing to be the narrator1 s gi r Ifr iend.
2.The story itself includes the fa I lacy “Dicto Simp Iiciter". The narrator assumes that al I girls would be happy to date a boy whose future is somewhat guaranteed. Therefore, Polly, a beautiful and wealthy young girl, would certainly fa I I in love with him - "an ingenious student" and "a man with an assured future11, rather than Rob - "a muscular idiot'*. However, to the narrator * s surpr i se and disappointment, Polly chooses Rob in the end because Rob i s fashionable and cool.
3.• Love is blind. It is ridiculous to use logic to deal with love.
•Smart people sometimes can make wrong judgments.
•Smart people are sometimes too arrogant and confident.
•Smart people may fa I I victims to their own smartness.
4.• Yes. Because not only would teaching logic in school help minimize the overwhelming number of fa Ilacious assertions, but also wouId serve as an excel lent precursor to higher mathematics and help make other courses such as geometry and calculus less of a mystery to most students.
• No. Because logic can be learned through other subjects such as math, phi losophy, reading, etc. It's not necessary to offer a special course about it.
5.Yes, certainly. ActuaI lyt logical fallacies are very common in our everyday I ife. I myself commit logical fallacies very often, too. For example, when I first met my roommate in col lege, I felt very surprised when he told me he didn't I ike noodles. I asked, "People in the north of China I ike eating noodles. You are from the north, why don*t you I ike noodles*' Here I committed the logical fa I lacy ”Diet。Simp Iicitern. I falsely asserted that al I people in the north should I ike noodles, and there should be no exception to this premise.
Word buiIding: Practice-1
Word buiIding: Practice-2
Banked cloze
dr ippi ng with
exchange for
up
an ana Iogy between
a date for
7. out of
a pact
appeaIed to
亚里士多德是古希腊哲学家和科学家。他的著作涉及物理学、生物学、动物学、 逻辑学、伦理学、诗歌、戏剧、音乐、语言学、政治学和政府学等多个学科， 构成了西方哲学的第一个综合体系。亚里士多德是第一个将人类知识领域划分 为不同学科的人，如数学、生物学和伦理学。他相信所有人的概念和知识最终 都是建立在感知的基础上的。他对自然科学的看法为他的许多著作奠定了基 础。在他那个时代，他几乎对人类知识的每一个领域都做出了贡献。他的著作 包含了已知最早的逻辑学形式研究，甚至在今天，亚里士多德哲学的各个方面 仍然是学术研究的重要课题。他的哲学思想对西方哲学理论的发展产生了深远 的影响。亚里士多德去世2300多年后，仍然是最有影响力的哲学家和科学家 之一。
Doctr ine of the mean i s the core of Confuciani sm. The so-ca I led “middle” of Confuc i us does not mean "compromise”, but a "moderate" and "appropr iate" method i n understand ing and dea I ing with object i ve things. Confucius advocated that we should not on I y treat th i s thought as a way of understanding and deaIing with things, but a I so integrate it into our daily behav i ors through se I f-cu 11 i vat i on and exerc i se, so as to make it a vi rtue. The doctr ine of the mean is the core of Confucianism and an important part of Chinese traditional culture. From its formation to now, it has been playing an immeasurable role in the construction of national spirit, the dissemination of nationaI wisdom and the deveIopment of nat i onaI cuIture.
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