must是有意思的助动词

Book 4 Unit 4 Good Learners Are Active In Their Learning

( I.) must是有意思的助動詞，表示「做某件事情的必要性」。must後要加原形動詞。

1. 她太胖了。她必須要減肥。______________________________________________

2. 考試是在兩週後，你必須早做準備。______________________________________

3. 英文很重要。我們必須要學英文。________________________________________

※要點1：must和have to 都是表示「必須做某件事的必要性」，差別很小。

must：法律、規定或他人所認為做某件事情的必要性。

have to：你或他人認為那件事情是必須要做的。

※要點2：must not 或mustn’t的意思是表示「禁止」或是「不可以」。

若要表示「不必」或「不需要」，則用don’t have to或doesn’t have to來表示。

例句：

1. You don’t have to wash the sweater. It’s not dirty.（你不必洗這件毛衣。它不髒。）

2. You mustn’t cheat on the test.（在考試時禁止做弊。）

1. 你不可以在博物館裡拍照。____________________________________________

2. 我們在圖書館裡，講話不可以太大聲。____________________________________

※要點3：若要表示過去的「必須」，則以had to表示。過去的「不必」，則以didn’t have to來表示。

例句：

She had to do her homework yesterday.（她昨天必須要做功課。）

1. 你昨晚不必來的。____________________________________________________

2. 她昨天一定要歸還圖書館那本小說。_____________________________________

3. 昨天是星期日。你不必去學校。________________________________________

( II.) should是有意思的助動詞，表示(1)提供意見、看法，或一般認為較好的做法；

(2)預期要發生的事。should後要加原形動詞（should＋原形動詞）。

1. 你應該要去參加Tom的生日派對。_______________________________________

2. 她應該要認真研讀數學。_______________________________________________

3. 我們應該要回家了。___________________________________________________

( III.) 介系詞 + Ving的用法

(1) be afraid of（對…害怕） (2) be tired of（對…厭煩）

(3) be good at（擅長於…） (4)be poor at (in)（對…不擅長）

(5) be active in（對…積極） (6) tips for（對…的建議）

(7) by（藉…的方式） (8) without（沒有…）

這些片語中的of、at、in、for、by、without都是介系詞。介系詞後若要加動詞來當成介系詞的受詞，就必須變裝，也就是改裝成Ving（動名詞）的形式才可以。

例句：

1. I’m afraid of talking to Americans.（我害怕和美國人說話。）

2. Tom is tired of eating the same food every day.（Tom厭煩了每天吃相同的食物。）

3. Cindy is good at playing basketball.（Cindy 擅長打籃球。）

4. Nick is poor at cooking.（Nick不擅長煮飯。）

5. Emma is active in her learning.（Emma對她的學習很積極。）

6. Here are some tips for studying English.（這兒有一些學習英文的建議。）

7. He makes a lot of friends by being nice to everyone.

（他對每個人都很好而交了很多朋友。）

1. Do you have any tips for buying (buy) a computer?

2. The students in our class are active in helping the environment.

3. We can get knowledge（知識） by reading.

4. His room is always messy. He’s poor at cleaning (clean) his room.

5. He is playing a different computer game because he is tired of playing the same one.

6. She is shy. She is afraid of talking (talk) to others.

7. 沒有努力讀書，你將不會得到好成績的。___________________________________

8. 她沒有說再見就離開了。________________________________________________

9. 我不該沒做暖身就打籃球。_____________________________________________

練習 EXERCISE

一、文法選擇

（　）Here are some tips a cheap laptop.　(Ａ)　choose(Ｂ)　chose(Ｃ)　for choosing　(Ｄ)　chooses

（　）This is the key to a good teacher.　(Ａ)　becoming(Ｂ)　becomes(Ｃ)　become　(Ｄ)　became

（　）Amy needs to and fun.　(Ａ)　relaxes; has (Ｂ)　relaxes; have (Ｃ)　relax; have (Ｄ)　relax; has

（　）I’d love camping with them, but I have too much homework to do.　(Ａ)　going(Ｂ)　to go　(Ｃ)　went　(Ｄ)　goes

（　）attention in class helps you get higher grades.(Ａ)　Pay(Ｂ)　Paid(Ｃ)　Paying(Ｄ)　By paying

（　）Be sure to new lessons and old ones every night.　(Ａ)　preview; review　(Ｂ)　preview; preview　(Ｃ)　review; preview (Ｄ)　review; review

（　）Kevin learns bowling his mother. She teaches him how to bowl. (Ａ)　with (Ｂ)　for (Ｃ)　to　(Ｄ)　from

（　）This is good information a cheap cell phone.　(Ａ)in choosing　(Ｂ)for choosing　(Ｃ)chose　(Ｄ)choose

（　）Did you at the basketball court yesterday, boys?　(Ａ)　be hurt(Ｂ)　hurt yourself(Ｃ)　got hurt(Ｄ)　hurt yourselves

（　）Rick can’t play baseball at all. He’s playing baseball.　(Ａ)　good at　(Ｂ)　poor at(Ｃ)　active in　(Ｄ)　excellent at

二、依提示作答

Mark prepares dinner for his family.（加入　must　）_______________________________________________________________

（以　by　合併）____________________________________________________________________

Neil is not a good basketball player.（用poor at改寫）__________________________________________

Does he have to tell the truth? Yes, he does.（用must改寫）

《答》__________________________________________________________________________________

He / won’t / good grade / by / study / only one night.（依字序造句並做適當變化）

《答》________________________________________________________________________________________

三、翻譯

1. Tony害怕餵馬。____________________________________________________________________

2.他的太太上星期不告而別。（...without...）_______________________________________________________________

3.他必須早回家讀英語。

He home early and English.

4.你不應該太晚準備考試。______________________________________________________________________________

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