Unit 7
学生姓名 家长签名
【学习目标】1.了解使用被动语态的语境。2.掌握并能正确运用被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时。 3. 熟悉并能运用引出动作执行者的单词by。
【课前热身】一、大声朗读并默写出下列单词,词组或句子。
1.主动语态 the active voice 2. 被动语态 the passive voice ( 被、由_by_)
3.志愿者医生volunteer doctors 4.在飞机上做手术 do operations on the plane
5.用飞机作培训中心use the plane as a training centre 6.治愈他的眼睛问题 cure his eye problem 7. 提高眼疾病人们的生活 improve the lives of the patients with eye problems
8. 在飞机上,志愿者医生做手术. On the plane, volunteer doctors do operations.
9. 在飞机上，手术由志愿者医生做. On the plane, operations are done by volunteer doctors.
10.奥比斯医生帮助了许多盲人。 ORBIS doctors helped many blind people.
11. 许多盲人被奥比斯医生帮助了。Many blind people were helped by ORBIS doctors.
12. 计划慈善活动来帮助穷人plan charity activities to help the poor
13. 给街道上的人分发传单 hand out leaflets to people in the street
14. 卖玩具和光盘来筹款 sell toys and CDs to raise money
15. 给贫困地区的孩子发送新书 send new books to children in poor areas
上星期八（1）班的学生们给贫困地区的孩子发送了新书。
The Class 1, Grade 8 students sent new books to children in poor areas last week.
(改为被动语态)---- New books were sent to children in poor areas by the Class 1, Grade 8 students last week. / Children in poor areas were sent new books by the Class 1, Grade 8 students last we
ek. 16. 为穷人收集暖和的衣服 collect warm clothes for poor people
他们上星期为穷人收集暖和的衣服 They collected warm clothes for poor people last week.
(改为被动语态)---- Warm clothes were collected for poor people last week.
17. 学生会上星期举办了一个慈善演出。The Students’ Union held a charity show last week.
(改为被动语态)---- A charity show was held by the Students’ Union last week.
18. 乐施会1942年在英国创立。 Oxfam was set up in the UK in 1942. (创立乐施会 set up Oxfam) 19. 开办第一个乐施会商店 open the first Oxfam shop 20.第一个乐施会商店1948年开办。
The first Oxfam shop was opened in 1948. 21. 卖包括书籍在内的许多东西
sell a lot of things including books 22. 在乐施会商店包括书籍在内的许多东西有售。
A lot of things are sold in Oxfam shops，including books. 23. 钱被乐施会用来帮助穷人。
The money is used by Oxfam to help poor people. (改为主动语态)---- Oxfam uses the money to help poor people. 24. 他们中的一个叫做希望工程。 One of them is called Project Hope.
25. 在它的帮助下，全国数百万贫困儿童被给予基本教育。
With its help, millions of poor children all over the country are given basic education.
(同义改写)With its help, basic education is given to millions of poor children all over the country.
26. 每年许多学校在贫困地区被建。Many schools are build in poor areas every year.
二、认真完成书本P98~100的练习。.
通过预习，哪些方面你还存在疑问
【学海拾贝】
1. 在英语中，动词有两种语态，即主动语态和被动语态。在主动语态中，主语是动作的执行者；在被动语态中，主语是动作的承受者。
如：We speak Chinese. 找出动作执行者______________ ,承受者___________________
改被动语态：________________________________________________________
The window was broken by Tom. 找出动作执行者_________________ ,承受者______________
改主动语态：________________________________________________________
2. 主动语态和被动语态的转换: 主动语态的______作被动语态的主语，主动语态的动词do的时态在被动语态中用be done的对应时态，在被动语态的末尾用____+主动语态的主语的宾格形式
3. 被动语态的基本用法: 1)动作的执行者是泛指或者不言自明时。
2)在不知道动作的执行者是谁时。 3)需要强调动作的承受者时。 4)出于委婉或礼貌而避谈动作的执行者时。
5)在被动语态的句子中, 如果我们需要指出动作的执行者, 可以由by引出。
注意：①有些动词常用于被动语态。如：他生于南京。He __________ _________ in Nanjing.
这部手机是中国制造的。The mobile phone __________ __________ in China.
②有些动词, 其主动语态形式含有被动意义。如: 系动词smell, taste, sound, feel 等。
这道菜闻起来很香。 The dish _________ good. 这段音乐听起来不错。The music _______ nice.
③还有一些不及物动词, 常用主动语态, 和well, easily等副词连用, 含有被动意义。如: read, write, draw, sell, wash, cook, clean 等。 这些书很畅销。The books ___________ well.
这支笔写起来很顺滑。T he pen ___________ smoothly.
④在感官动词和使役动词的主动语态中, 动词不定式的to常省去, 但在被动语态中要加上to。
I saw them leave a moment ago. (改为被动) They _____ _____ _____ _____ a moment ago.
【堂清巩固】 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空
1.English ___________ (speak) widely in the world.
2.The glass ___________ (break) last night.
3.Look! All the windows___________ (close).
4.Rice ___________ (grow) in our hometown every year.
5.When __________ the computers __________ (turn) off yesterday?
6.After your homework __________ (finish), please design the game with me.
7.This picture _____________ (paint) by Millie.
8. Coke _____________(sell ) all over the world.
9. Some money _____________ (grow) from the bank yesterday.
10. The thieves ____________ (catch) by the police.
11. This flat _____________ (built)in 1996.
12.This newsletter article ____________(write) by Daniel.
13.All the snacks ____________(eat) before the party ended.
二、将下列句子改为被动语态
1.Mr Lin organizes activities for the Computer Club.
__________________________________________________________________
2.Do they teach Japanese in the middle school?
__________________________________________________________________
3.His wife sold his books when he left her.
__________________________________________________________________
4.Did Lu Xun write the article named ‘Hometown’?
__________________________________________________________________
5.Mike and Millie clean the windows every day.
___________________________________________________________
6. My cousin bought me some CDs yesterday.
I____________________________________/ Some CDs____________________________
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