必修5Unit 1 Great scientists
李仕才
【短文语法填空】
When I looked out on the white blanket 1. (cover) the ground,I couldn’t help but smile a bit.It was so beautiful.It softened the bare trees and hid the dead grass.In the 2. (distant),I could hear the sound of the snow on the road,the bark of 3. happy dog,and the laughter of children playing outside,4. (enjoy) their day off from school.
The sweet music of that laughter 5. (bring) back a hundred memories of winters past.I remembered 6.(catch) snowflakes on my tongue,building snowmen,making snow angels,sledding 7. hills,and always losing the snowball fights with first my brothers and then my own children.Standing there in that warm coat of remembering made the wind a little less cold.I turned up my head,stuck out my tongue,8. for the first time in years caught a snowflake on it.It tasted so 9.
(freshness) and clean.It tasted like youth,like joy,and like love.I looked up to the heavens and 10.
(sincere) thanked God for all of my memories and for the simple truth that you are never too old to be young again.
1.covering 2.distance 3.a 4.enjoying 5.brought
6.catching 7.down 8.and 9.fresh 10.sincerely
(对应学生用书P108)
一．高考单词→识记·思考·运用
1．核心词汇
①__attend__ vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加
②__expose__ vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光
③__cure__ n．&vt.治愈；痊愈；治疗
④__absorb__ vt.吸收；吸引；使专心
⑤__suspect__ vt.&n.认为；怀疑；被怀疑者；嫌疑犯
⑥__blame__ vt.&n.责备；谴责；过失；责备
⑦__handle__ n．&vt.柄；把手；处理；操纵
⑧analyse vt.分析
__analysis__ n．分析
⑨conclude vt.&vi.结束；推断出；
__conclusion__ n．结论；结束
⑩pollute vt.污染；弄脏 __pollution__ n．污染
⑪instruct vt.命令；指示；教导__instruction__ n．教授；传授
__instructions__ n．用法；说明
⑫contribute vt.&vi.捐献；贡献；__contribution__ n．贡献
2．常考词汇
①reject vt.__拒绝；不接受__
②physician n．__医生；内科医师__
③challenge n．__挑战__
④announce vt.__宣布；通告__
⑤positive adj.__积极的；肯定的__
⑥enthusiastic adj.__热情的；热心的__
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1．Visiting the exhibition will make you __exposed__ (expose) to Chinese traditional culture. Why not have a try？(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)
2．He said the lucky woman will __be announced__ (announce) on the website and the trip will be shared online.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)
3．When the __polluting__ (pollute) industries argue that we’ve lost the battle to control carbon __pollution__ (pollute) and have no choice but to adapt, it’s a nonsense designed to make the case for business as usual.(2017·江苏卷)
4．Many Chinese brands，having developed their reputations over centuries，are facing new __challenges__ (challenge) from the modern market.(2017·江苏卷)
5．However，when something did interest me，I could become __absorbed__ (absorb)．(2016·北京卷)
6．If it weren’t for Rachel Carson，the environmental __movement__ (move) might not exist today.(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)
7．Several others checked the __instructions__ (instruct)and made something according to one of the model plans provided.(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)
8．We’re not saying that everyone needs __to contribute__ (contribute) their lives to the poor.(2016·四川)
❶后缀sion构成的抽象名词集锦
①admission准许进入；承认
②conclusion结论；结束
③confusion混乱
④expression词组；表达式
⑤oppression压迫；压制
⑥permission允许
⑦profession职业；专业
⑧revision修正；复习
❷后缀ment构成的抽象名词一览
①development发展
②disappointment失望
③excitement兴奋
④improvement改进，改良
⑤movement运动
⑥settlement定居点
⑦treatment对待，待遇
⑧judgment判断
❸后缀ian构成的词
①Asian亚洲的(人)
②musician音乐家
③physician内科医生
④Egyptian埃及人
❹含fore前缀的单词面面观
①forehead n．额头
②forearm n. 前臂
③forecast vt. 预报
④foresee vt. 预见
⑤foreword n. 前言
⑥foretell v. 预言；预示
【完形填空】
I'm sitting at the airport watching people in the last minutes before their loved ones arrive or depart.
A woman is running in circles trying to gather family members together for a __1__.When the final moment comes before __2__，she wraps her arms around her son，giving him a __3__ hug that should protect him until he __4__.
I sit with a book in my hands，waiting my turn to leave __5__ because the ones I love have a different __6__ from mine.
I think of other departures and arrivals.I __7__ seeing my daughter.I wrapped myself around her as if she'd been __8__.That year she was in her first year at university，coming home for the first time.
Today my flight is two hours late.When my flight is __9__ called，I gather my book and luggage.__10__ there is no one to see me off，I do not __11__ to see where I have come from.__12__，I think of my husband at work __13__ if I have left yet.
As I head towards the plane，I find myself __14__ yet another arrival and departure.That year，my 91yearold grandfather died.After returning from his funeral，I arrived at the airport __15__.My husband of only a year was waiting at the gate to take me in his arms.Because of my tears，__16__ was looking at us，but I didn't __17__.
Life needs the important __18__ all the time.I wish that all the people who went on a __19__ could come back to find someone __20__ them.I also wish they could leave with someone to see them off.
1．A.lecture B．goodbye
C．dinner D．party
2．A.gathering B．boarding
C．announcing D．landing
3．A.powerful B．gentle
C．warm D．common
4．A.leaves B．survives
C．returns D．recovers
5．A.frightened B．anxious
C．relaxed D．alone
6．A.schedule B．attitude
C．position D．target
7．A.imagine B．enjoy
C．recall D．consider
8．A.stolen B．cheated
C．lost D．punished
9．A.punctually B．finally
C．abruptly D．repeatedly
10．A.Although B．While
C．Till D．Since
11．A.slow down B．get off
C．look back D．run away
12．A.However B．Besides
C．Instead D．Therefore
13．A.doubting B．asking
C．predicting D．wondering
14．A.remembering B．forgetting
C．planning D．rejecting
15．A.shouting B．crying
C．laughing D．whispering
16．A.someone B．everyone
C．none D．anyone
17．A.care B．respond
C．scold D．flee
18．A.arrival B．chance
C．departure D．moment
19．A.journey B．diet
C．picnic D．holiday
20．A.worrying about B．smiling at
C．talking of D．waiting for
【解题导语】作者在机场看到迎接与送行的场景，回忆起与女儿和丈夫的温馨往事，意识到人生中需要欢聚与离别这些重要的时刻。
【核心词汇】depart vi.离开，出发
wrap one's arms around sb.用手臂搂住某人
wait one's turn to do sth.等着轮到某人做某事
think of想起，记起 recall doing sth.回忆起做某事
see sb.off为某人送行 at work在工作，起作用
1．B 结合上文中出现的“arrive or depart”和下文中的“the final moment”可知，空处应该是一个告别(goodbye)的场景，故选B。
2．B 根据语境可知，此处表示登机(boarding)前最后的时刻，故选B。
3．A 结合下文中的“protect him”可知，母亲在儿子登机前给他一个强有力的(powerful)拥抱，故选A。gentle“温柔的”；warm“温暖的”；common“共同的，普遍的”。
4．C 根据语境可知，快要登机的时候，母亲给了儿子一个强有力的拥抱，自然是盼望儿子能一路平安并平安归来，故选C。leave“离开”；survive“幸存，艰难渡过”；recover“恢复”。
5．D 根据空后的“because the ones I love have a different __6__ from mine”和下文中的“there is no one to see me off”可知，作者是一个人(alone)，没有人来为她送行，所以选D。frightened“害怕的，受惊的”；anxious“焦虑的，渴望的”；relaxed“放松的”。
6．A 根据语境可知，作者一个人离开是因为所爱之人都有不同的日程安排。schedule“日程安排，计划表”符合语境，故选A。
7．C 结合语境可知，作者回忆起(recall)女儿上大学第一次回家的往事，所以选C项。
8．C 根据语境可知，作者一把抱住女儿，好像她走失了很久。lost“丢失的，遗失的”符合语境，故选C。
9．B 结合语境可知，作者等待很久之后，所乘的航班终于(finally)通知登机了，故选B。punctually“准时地”；abruptly“突然地”；repeatedly“反复地”。
10．D 根据语境可知，“__10__ there is no one to see me off”和“I do not __11__ to see where I have come from”是因果关系，所以空处应用Since“因为，既然”。
11．C 既然没有人来送行，作者不需要回头张望(look back)。slow down“放慢，减速”；get off“下车，离开”；run away“突然离开，逃离”。
12．C 结合语境可知，作者没有回头张望，相反地，作者想的是，还在上班的丈夫不知道作者是否已经离开。故选C项。
13．D 参见上题解析。wonder if...“不知道是否……”符合语境，故选D。
14．A 结合语境可知，作者发现自己记得(remembering)另一件以前的迎接与送行，故选A。
15．B 结合下文中的“Because of my tears”可知，此处应用crying。shout“大喊，喊叫”；laugh“大笑，笑”； whisper“低语，悄声说”。
16．B 此处指的是，因为作者哭泣，每个人(everyone)都在看着作者和她的丈夫。故选B。
17．A 虽然大家都在看，但是作者并不在意(care)，故选A。respond“回复，作出反应”；scold“训斥，责骂”；flee“逃离”。
18．D 根据语境可知，人生中一直需要这样重要的时刻(moment)，故选D。arrival“到达”；chance“机会”；departure“离开”。
19．A 根据语境可知，作者希望所有出行(journey)的人回来时都能看到有人在等待(waiting for)他们。故选A。
20．D 参见上题解析。
二．重点短语→识记·思考·运用
1．动词＋副词(介词)
①put __forward__ 提出；将……提前
②expose...__to__ 使显露；暴露
③link...__to__ 将……和……联系或连接起来
④lead...__to__ 通向，导致
⑤look __into__ 调查；窥视
2．其他形式
①draw/reach/come __to__/arrive __at__ a conclusion得出结论
②apart __from__ 除……之外；此外
③(be)strict __with__...对……严格要求的
④make __no__ sense 毫无意义
用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空
1．First we carried out a discussion among all the students where various details __were put forward__.(2017·北京卷)
2．We’ll __look into__ the matter first before coming to a decision.
3．It does not __make sense__ to buy that expensive coat when these are cheaper.
4．He is easy to get along with.__Apart from__ that，he is a determined boy.
5．She is kind，but she __is strict with__ my study.
6．The television camera was __linked to__ a computer.
7．From what is said above，we can __draw a conclusion__ that computers are more a blessing than a disaster.
【联想·积累】
❶“动词＋n.＋to”必备短语集锦
①add...to增添；增加
②compare...to把……比作
③devote...to把……专用于；贡献给
④expose...to使显露；暴露
⑤link...to...将……和……联系或连接起来
⑥supply...to供应给
❷“除……之外”必备短语一览
①apart from/aside from除……之外，根据上下文的不同，可以分别相当于besides，except或except for。
②in addition to除……之外(还，也)，常与also，more，other等连用。
③except for除……以外，其后所跟的词往往与前面的不是同一类的，是指整体中除去的一个细节或某一方面。
三．佳句选粹——在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通
【短文改错】
My father is the man I respect most.Strict as he may be，however he never fails to show her care and consideration.Once I broke a neighbor window.Seeing nobody around，I ran away immediately.When Dad came home，he noticed my uneasiness and asked me what has happened.I could only tell him a truth.Instead of scold，he praised my honesty and then encouraged me to apologize our neighbor.I learned from this incident that not only does Dad take care of my health and he also teaches me what to be a good citizen.How luckily I am to have such a good father!
【答案】
My father is the man I respect most.Strict as he may be， he never fails to show
care and consideration.Once I broke a
window.Seeing nobody around，I ran away immediately.When Dad came home，he noticed my uneasiness and asked me what
happened.I could only tell him
truth.Instead of
，he praised my honesty and then encouraged me to apologize
our neighbor.I learned from this incident that not only does Dad take care of my health
he also teaches me
to be a good citizen.How
I am to have such a good father!
第一处：删除however。考查连词。在as引导的让步状语从句中，表语放句首时，从句倒装，分析句子结构可知，however多余。
第二处：her→his。考查代词。与上文人称代词he保持一致，可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词his。
第三处：neighbor→neighbor's。考查名词所有格形式。此处用名词所有格形式作定语，修饰名词window。
第四处：has→had。考查动词时态。与asked呼应可知，此处应用过去完成时，表示过去的过去。
第五处：a→the。考查冠词。tell the truth为固定词组搭配，符合语境，故用定冠词the。
第六处：scold→scolding。考查动名词。介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用动名词scolding作介词of的宾语。
第七处：our前加to。考查介词。apologize to sb.意为“向某人道歉”，为固定词组搭配，故用介词to。
第八处：and→but。考查连词，not only...but also...意为“不但……而且……”，为固定结构，故用连词but。
第九处：what→how。考查疑问词。与teaches呼应可知，此处表示方式，故用how。
第十处：luckily→lucky。考查形容词。与I am呼应可知，此处应用形容词lucky作表语。
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