Section Ⅳ Using Language
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第一步 速读——了解文章主题和段落大意
速读P19教材课文，回答下列问题
1．What's the main idea of the passage?
2．What kind of differences in schools does the passage describe?
[答案] 1.The situations of different schools in other countries.
2．①The relationship between teachers and students.
②Whether schools are state schools or private schools.
第二步 细读——把控文章关键信息
细读P19教材课文，选择最佳答案
1．Which of the following countries doesn't put the discipline at the first place in schools?
A．France. B．Russia.
C．America. D．Spain.
2．Which of the following countries doesn't have both state schools and private schools?
A．America. B．Germany.
C．France. D．Russia.
3．If you are asked to go on writing after the last paragraph, you'll most probably write about ．
A．the different sports in different schools from different countries
B．the differences in teaching between different schools from different countries
C．the advantages and disadvantages of both state schools and private schools
D．why some students would like to go to state schools
[答案] 1－3 CDC
第三步 研读——能力升华 接轨高考
根据P19教材课文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
It is 1.interesting (interest) to look at differences between schools in different 2.countries (country)．First, the relationship between teachers and students is quite 3.different (differ)．In many European countries，the
relationship is quite formal－discipline and respect for teachers 4.is considered (consider) very important.The same is true 5.of Russia.However, in some northern European countries, such as America and Britain, the relationship is more 6.relaxed (relax) and friendlier, but sometimes teachers in Britain can have big problems 7.with disciplines.Another difference is 8.whether schools are state schools or private schools.State schools 9.are paid (pay) for by the government, but the parents pay for the 10.education (educate) of their children in private schools.
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Ⅰ.单词拼写
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词
1．The weather is a safe topic (话题) of conversation in Britain.
2．China would like to set a good relationship (关系) with any country who loves peace.
3．After a period (一段时间) of time, we are becoming used to the new school life.
4．It's a formal meeting.You should dress in a suit and tie.
5．She tried her own translation of the word without looking it up in a dictionary.
6．Most students are looking forward to a long summer vacation．
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词
1．revise vt.温习(功课)→revision n．复习
2．relax vt.使轻松→relaxed adj.轻松的；松懈的；宽松的→relaxation n．放松；松弛
3．similar adj.同样的，类似的→similarly adv.同样地，类似地→similarity n．相似；类似
Ⅲ.补全短语
根据提示补全下列短语
1．prefer to do sth. 更喜欢做某事
2．be up to sb. 由某人决定
3．pay for 为……付钱；为……付出代价
4．be true of/for 适用于
5．have problems with 在……方面有麻烦
Ⅳ.选词填空
选用上述短语的适当形式填空
1．The food is good and the same is true of the service.
2．It is up to the manager to make the final decision.
3．The girl has problems with her pronunciation and she is trying to improve it.
4．If you can't pay for the house in cash, you can buy it by installments(分期付款)．
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word/media/image8.gifprefer to do sth.更喜欢做某事
(教材P17)I'd prefer to do “Travel”．
我更喜欢去“旅游”。
(1)prefer doing/to do sth. 更喜欢做某事
prefer sb.to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事
(2)prefer (doing) sth.to (doing) sth.
喜欢(做)……而不喜欢(做)……
prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.
宁愿做……而不愿做……
①I prefer going/to go there on foot, for there's so much traffic.
我想步行去那儿，因为车太多。
②My father prefers me to go(go) home early every day.
父亲希望我每天早点回家。
③He prefers watching TV to going out for a walk.
＝He prefers to watch(watch) TV rather than go(go) out for a walk.
他宁愿看电视而不愿出去散步。
word/media/image9.gif(be) up to sb.由某人决定。
(教材P18)It's up to you.由你来决定。
(1)up to (数量、 时间等)一直到……； 多达
be up to sth. 适合， 胜任； 忙于， 从事
(2)It's up to sb.to do sth. 应由某人负责做某事
①I can take up to four people in my car.
我的汽车最多能带4个人。
②Don't worry.He is up to the job you offered him.
不用担心，他能胜任你为他提供的这份工作。
③It is up to you to decide(decide) where we should go.由你决定我们去哪儿。
word/media/image9.gifbe true of/for (某种情况)适用于
(教材P19)This is true of France, Germany, and Spain, where discipline and respect for the teacher is considered very important.
在法国、德国和西班牙也是如此，在那里纪律和对老师的尊敬被认为是很重要的。
this/that/the same/it is true of...
……也是如此；……也适用于
come true 成为现实；(愿望等)实现
①His dream of becoming a teacher has come true.
他想当老师的梦想实现了。
②Tom is ready to help others; this is true of Mary.
汤姆乐于助人，玛丽也是如此。
word/media/image9.gifrelaxed adj.轻松的；松懈的；宽松的
(教材P19) In Britain, relationships are quite relaxed, but teachers can have big problems with discipline.
在英国，师生关系也相当不拘束，但是教师却会碰到纪律糟糕的问题。
relax v． (使)松弛；放松
relaxing adj. 令人放松的
relaxation n. 放松；松弛；消遣
①The relaxing evening with my friends yesterday made me very relaxed.
昨天和朋友度过了轻松的一晚上使我很轻松。
②Fishing is his favourite relaxation．Therefore, when he wants to relax himself, he goes fishing and enjoys a relaxed mood.(relax)
钓鱼是他特别喜爱的消遣，因此，当他想放松自己的时候，他会去钓鱼并享受这种轻松的心情。
word/media/image9.gifsimilarly adv.同样地，类似地
(教材P19)Similarly, America has both state and private schools.
同样， 美国既有公立学校， 又有私立学校。
(1)similar adj. 相似的， 类似的
be similar to 与……类似
be similar in... 在……方面相似
(2)similarity n. 相似点； 类似点
①Our bodies are strengthened by exercising.Similarly, our minds are developed by learning.
我们的身体通过锻炼而强壮。同样地， 我们的智力通过学习而增长。
②Though Jack is similar to his elder brother in appearance, I am not familiar with him.
虽然杰克在相貌上与他哥哥相似， 但我对他并不熟悉。
③I can see the similarity(similar) between you and your brother.我看得出来你和你弟弟很相像。
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word/media/image9.gif(教材P15)We can either do some revision or we can do some translation.
我们或者复习，或者做一些翻译。
【要点提炼】 either ...or ...“或者……或者……”，连接两个对等的成分。
(1)either ...or ...连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词的数取决于较近的主语，即采用就近原则。
(2)与either ...or ...有类似用法的还有：not ...but ...; not only ...but also ...; neither ...nor ...等。
①You can either find a job or you can go abroad for further study.
你要么找份工作，要么你就出国深造。
②Neither you nor Bob has(have) finished the homework.
你和鲍勃都没有完成作业。
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word/media/image9.gif(教材P17)I'd rather study history than geography because I can learn a lot from many historical figures.
我宁愿学历史也不愿学地理， 因为我可以从许多历史人物身上学到许多东西。
【要点提炼】 句中would rather do sth.than do sth.＝prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.意为 “宁愿做某事而不愿做某事” 。
(1)would rather (not) do sth.宁愿(不)做某事
(2)would rather＋(that)从句(从句中要用一般过去时表示对现在或将来的虚拟； 用过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟)宁愿……
①I would rather watch TV at home than go to the cinema.我宁愿在家看电视也不愿去看电影。
②I'd rather you hadn't told(not tell) him the news that day.我真希望你那天没有把消息告诉他。
③I'd rather you met(meet) her at the airport tomorrow morning.我宁愿你明天早上能去机场接她。
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Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The two girls are similarly(similar) dressed and I can hardly tell them apart.
2．In my opinion, he is not really up to the job.
3．We were having a great time and feeling very relaxed(relax)．
4．She often has problems(problem) with the relationship with her classmates.
5．Doing enough translation(translate) exercises can improve your composition.
6．Many people like travelling by train, and this is true of/for me.
7．I'd rather you had gone(go) to the party yesterday－it was so wonderful.
8．I know I haven't done enough revision(revise) for tomorrow's exam.
9．To pay for their car and house, the couple worked hard day after day.
10．Either you or one of your students is (be) going to attend the meeting tomorrow.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．学习需要耐心，交朋友也是一样。
Learning requires patience.The same is true of/for making friends.(be true of)
2．你或者马上走，或者等到明天。
You must either go at once or wait till tomorrow.(either...or)
3．由你决定我们是否买这套家具。
It's up to you to decide whether we buy this set of furniture or not.(be up to)
4．对孩子们来说学会好好相处是非常重要的。
It is very important for children to learn to get on well with each other.(it作形式主语)
5．如今，一些青少年宁愿在网上与陌生人闲谈也不愿与父母面对面谈话。
Nowadays some teenagers would rather chat with strangers than talk with their parents face to face.
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