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首页 > 2019高考英语一轮基础自练题 Unit 4 Body language（含解析）新人教版必修4

2019高考英语一轮基础自练题 Unit 4 Body language（含解析）新人教版必修4

发布时间：2019-03-16 21:46:47 来源：文档文库

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Body language

李仕才

***阅读理解。

Vitamin B could help lessen the effects of the most dangerous type of air pollution, according to a new study published recently. In the first study of its kind, a team of international researchers looked at the damage caused by one of the pollutants that have the most severe impact on health: PM2.5.

Particulate matter, or PM, is a type of air pollutant consisting of small particles of different sizes. PM2.5 has a diameter of fewer than 2.5 micrometers, about 30 times smaller than a human hair. These particles are so small that they can go into our respiratory system(呼吸系统), resulting in lung and systemic inflammation(炎症) and stress.

The team found that something as simple as a daily vitamin B supplement could potentially reduce the impact of the tiny particles on the human body, although they stressed that the research was in its early stages and the sample size was small.

For this study, 10 volunteers were initially exposed to clean air and given a placebo(安慰剂) to check their responses. The group then took another placebo for four weeks before being exposed to heavily polluted air from downtown Toronto, where an estimated 1，000 cars pass every hour. The bad air was delivered to the volunteers through an “oxygentype” face mask. The experiment was then repeated, with each volunteer taking a B vitamin supplement daily made up of 2.5 mg of folic acid, 50 mg of vitamin B6, and 1 mg of vitamin B12. B6 can be found in liver, chicken and nuts, and B12 in fish, meat, eggs, milk and some cereals.

The researchers found that four weeks of B vitamin supplements reduced the damage of PM2.5 exposure by 28%－76%. The results highlight how prevention at an individual level could be used to fight the harmful effects of PM2.5.

【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。吸入人体内的PM2.5(细颗粒物)会导致疾病。不过，研究发现维生素B在一定程度上能降低PM2.5的危害。

1．Why is PM2.5 harmful to our health?

A．It pollutes and poisons the air.

B．It is too much to be got rid of.

C．It carries viruses and diseases.

D．It is easily breathed in and damages our body.

D　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These particles are so small...inflammation(炎症)and stress.”可知，PM2.5(细颗粒物)很小，能进入我们的呼吸系统，导致肺部和全身炎症。

2．What can we infer from Paragraph 3?

A．The process of the research was not scientific.

B．This kind of research has been done many times.

C．Further studies are needed to confirm their findings.

D．Vitamin B is hard to obtain in people’s daily life.

C　解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“although they stressed that the research was in its early stages and the sample size was small.”可知，该项研究处于初级阶段且样本规模小，因此还需要更多的研究来证明研究团队的发现。

3．What is the text mainly about?

A．International researchers have a new finding.

B．Vitamin B could reduce the damage of PM2.5.

C．Particulate matter does great harm to our health.

D．Emission control and regulation are badly needed.

B　解析：主旨大意题。文章第一段和第二段谈到PM2.5的定义以及PM2.5的危害；第三到五段告诉我们维生素B能降低PM2.5的危害。所以B项最能概括文章主旨。

4．The new study was probably published ___________ ．

A．in a science journal

B．on a government website

C．in a fashion magazine

D．in a medical textbook

A　解析：推理判断题。该文的内容为科学研究发现，很可能出自科学期刊。所以A项正确。

***语法填空。

After spending nearly every waking minute with Angel for eight straight days, I knew that I had to tell her just one thing. So late at night, just before she fell asleep, I whispered __1__ in her ear. She smiled—the kind of smile __2__ made me smile back—and she said, “When I'm seventyfive and I think about my life and __3__ it was like to be young,I hope that I can remember this very moment.”

A few seconds later she closed her eyes and fell asleep. The room was __4__ (peace)—almost silent.All I could hear was the soft voice of her breathing. I stayed awake __5__ (think) about the time we __6__ (spend) together and all the choices in our lives that made this moment possible. And at some point, I realized that it didn't matter what we'd done or where we'd gone. Nor __7__ the future hold any significance.

What mattered was the calmness of the moment. The moral：We must not allow the clock, the calendar, and external pressure __8__ (rule) our lives and blind us to the fact __9__ each individual moment of our lives is a beautiful mystery and a miracle—__10__ (especial)those moments we spend in the presence of a loved one.

1．________ 　2.________ 　3.________ 　4.________ 　5.________ 　6.________ 　7.________ 　8.________ 　9.________ 　10.________

篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过描述一个让人暖心的夜晚，告诉读者一个生活和人生哲理：眼下宁静温馨的时光尤为珍贵，不应被世俗破坏。

1．it　考查代词。根据前句中的“I knew that I had to tell her just one thing”可知，空处应填it指代one thing。

2．that/which　考查定语从句的引导词。根据句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，从句中缺少主语，且关系词指代先行词the kind of smile，故填that/which。

3．what　考查宾语从句的连接词。根据and前的“I think about my life”可知，空处引导宾语从句，从句中like缺少宾语，且连接词在句中表示“什么样子”，此处应填what。

4．peaceful　考查词性转换。句意：房间里很宁静。此处应用形容词peaceful作was的表语。

5．thinking　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用现在分词作伴随状语。

6．had spent　考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，spend所表示的动作发生在stayed awake之前，应用过去完成时，故填had spent。

7．did　考查部分倒装。否定副词nor位于句首时，句子常用部分倒装，由hold与前一句中的realized可知，应填did。

8．to rule　考查非谓语动词。allow sb./sth. to do sth. 为固定用法。

9．that　考查同位语从句的连接词。分析句子结构并由the fact可知，此处应用that引导同位语从句，解释说明the fact的具体内容。

10．especially　考查词性转换。此处表示“尤其是与心爱的人一起度过的美好时光”，结合句意可知，空处应用副词作状语，故填especially。

***完形填空。

A taxi driver taught me a lesson in customer satisfaction and expectations.Inspiring speakers 1 thousands of dollars to give this kind of training to corporate directors and staff.It cost me only a $12 2 ride.

I had 3 into Dallas just for the purpose of calling on a client.Time was precious and my 4 included a quick round－trip from and back to the airport.A 5 taxi pulled up.The driver rushed to 6 the passenger door for me and made sure I was 7 seated before he closed the door.As he got in the driver’s seat，he 8 that the neatly folded Wall Street Journal next to me was for my use.He then showed me several 9 and asked me what type of music I would enjoy.

I could not believe the 10 I was receiving！I took the opportunity to say，“ 11 you take great pride in your work.You must have a 12 to share.”

“You bet，”he 13 ，“I used to be in Corporate America.But I was tired of thinking my best would never be good enough.I 14 to find my right position in life，where I could feel 15 of being the best.I love driving cars，and feeling like I have done a full day’s work and done it 16 ．So I chose to become a 17 ．One thing I know for sure，to be good in my business I just have to meet the expectations of my passengers. 18 ，to be great in my business，I have to go 19 the customer’s expectations！”

The taxi driver taught me a great life 20 ：Go an extra mile when providing any service to others.

【解题导语】　本文主要讲述了一名出租车司机给作者上了一堂关于如何达到客户满意和期望的课。

1．A.offer　　　　　　　　　 B．charge

C．pay　　　 D．afford

B　解析：根据空后的“thousands of dollars to give this kind of training to corporate directors and staff.It cost me only a $12”可知，励志演讲家的培训是要收费的。charge表示“收费”，符合语境。

2．A.taxi B．bus

C．car D．train

A　解析：根据文章第一句可知，出租车司机收作者12美元。

3．A.driven B．flown

C．ran D．cycled

B　解析：根据第二段第二句可知，作者当时是乘飞机去的。

4．A.hope B．purpose

C．plan D．choice

C　解析：根据语境可知，时间很珍贵，作者的计划中包括往返机场的旅程。

5．A.private B．rough

C．slow D．clean

D　解析：根据下文的“the neatly folded Wall Street Journal next to me was for my use”可推知，出租车很干净。

6．A.open B．lock

C．push D．shut

A　解析：结合“the passenger door for me”可推知，司机赶快跑过来给作者开车门。

7．A.silently B．comfortably

C．tightly D．casually

B　解析：根据语境可推知，该司机注重乘客的满意度，所以他一定确保作者乘坐舒适。

8．A.declared B．concluded

C．found D．mentioned

D　解析：根据语境可推知，司机向乘客提醒有杂志可看。mention“提到”。

9．A.pictures B．maps

C．tapes D．books

C　解析：根据空后的“asked me what type of music I would enjoy”可推知，司机给作者拿出几盘音乐磁带让他选择。

10．A.service B．gift

C．invitation D．advice

A　解析：根据空后的“I was receiving”可推知，作者对出租车司机提供的服务非常吃惊，不敢相信。receive the service“接受服务”。

11．A.Actually B．Obviously

C．Gradually D．Suddenly

B　解析：由空后的“You must have a to share.”以及语境可推知，显而易见，作者认为出租车司机为自己的工作自豪。

12．A.chance B．secret

C．story D．ride

C　解析：根据空后的“to share”以及语境可推知，此处表示有故事分享。

13．A.whispered B．argued

C．sighed D．replied

D　解析：根据语境可知，司机回应了作者的推断。

14．A.decided B．promised

C．happened D．hesitated

A　解析：根据空前的“I was tired of thinking”可推知，司机决定行动起来，找到生活中合适的位置。

15．A.careful B．proud

C．afraid D．curious

B　解析：根据第三段第二句的“you take great pride in your work”可推知，司机想做到最好并为自己的工作自豪。

16．A.early B．rapidly

C．cautiously D．well

D　解析：根据语境可推知，司机想把工作做好。

17．A.driver B．director

C．client D．speaker

A　解析：根据语境可知，他决定转行当一名司机。

18．A.Besides B．Therefore

C．However D．Perhaps

C　解析：根据语境可知，上下文表示逻辑上的转折关系，故用However“然而”。

19．A.against B．within

C．over D．beyond

D　解析：根据文章最后一句可知，要想做到最好，就要多为客户考虑，超出客户的期望。beyond“超出”。

20．A.method B．experience

C．lesson D．standard

C　解析：根据文章开头可知，此处表示司机给作者上了生动的一课。

***短文改错。

As a student, I can tell you that there is something better than praised by my teacher before my classmates.

The other day, I was praised by my head teacher at the class meeting because I have recited all the words of Unit 3. He said before the whole class that only if we put our hearts into our lessons could we make great progress. He also said I set the good example to all of my classmates and that I memorized all the words of Unit 3 as though I was not good at English. He also added that everyone should learn from me. Hearing that the head teacher said, I was more than glad and my heart beat wildly. At the same time, I made up my mind to study hard rather than wasting precious time on those useless things, such as playing video games and chatting online.

On my own experience, I learn that several words of praise can make a great difference to someone.

答案：

As a student, I can tell you that there is better than praised by my teacher before my classmates.

The other day, I was praised by my head teacher at the class meeting because I recited all the words of Unit 3. He said before the whole class that only if we put our into our lessons could we make great progress. He also said I set good example to all of my classmates and that I memorized all the words of Unit 3 though I was not good at English. He also added that everyone should learn from me. Hearing the head teacher said, I was more than glad and my heart beat wildly. At the same time, I made up my mind to study rather than precious time on those useless things, such as playing video games and chatting online.

my own experience, I learn that several words of praise can make a great difference to someone.

难项分析：

第一处：something→nothing　考查否定词与比较级的连用。否定词与比较级连用表达最高级的含义。用于该结构的否定词有no, not, never, nothing等。此处用There is nothing better than ... 表示“没有什么比……更好/最好的莫过于”。